Meer inligting ― Afrikaans

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is die tweede mees algemene velkanker in die Verenigde State, na basal cell carcinoma. Dit begin gewoonlik van voorkankeragtige letsels genaamd actinic keratosis , en kan na ander dele van die liggaam versprei. Die hoofoorsaak is blootstelling aan ultraviolet (UV) bestraling van die son, wat mettertyd ophoop. Behandeling behels gewoonlik chirurgiese verwydering, veral vir SCC op die kop en nek. Bestralingsterapie is 'n opsie vir ouer pasiënte of diegene wat nie chirurgie kan ondergaan nie. Immuunonderdrukking verhoog die risiko van SCC. Alhoewel skaars, kan SCC versprei, veral by pasiënte met verswakte immuunstelsels. Gereelde ondersoeke en sonbeskerming is belangrik vir diegene met SCC.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common form of skin cancer in the United States, behind basal cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma has precursor lesions called actinic keratosis, exhibits tumor progression and has the potential to metastasize in the body. Ultraviolet (UV) solar radiation is the primary risk factor in the development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and the cumulative exposure received over a lifetime plays a major part in the development of this cancer. Surgical excision is the primary treatment modality for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma, with Mohs micrographic surgery being the preferred excisional technique for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, and in other areas of high risk or squamous cell carcinoma with high-risk characteristics. Radiation therapy is reserved for squamous cell carcinoma in older patients or those who will not tolerate surgery, or when it has not been possible to obtain clear margins surgically. Adjuvant radiotherapy is commonly after surgical treatment in very high tumors. Immunosuppression significantly increases the risk of squamous cell carcinoma over the course of an individual’s life. Metastasis is uncommon for squamous cell carcinomas arising in areas of chronic sun exposure, but it can take place, and the risk is increased in immunosuppressed patients. Patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma should be examined regularly and remember to use measures to protect from UV damage.

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is die tweede mees algemene kanker in mense, en sy getalle neem toe. Alhoewel CSCC gewoonlik 'n goedaardige kliniese gedrag vertoon, kan dit beide plaaslik en na ander dele van die liggaam versprei. Wetenskaplikes het spesifieke weë geïdentifiseer wat betrokke is by CSCC-ontwikkeling, wat lei tot nuwe behandelings. Die hoë aantal mutasies en verhoogde risiko in immuunonderdrukte pasiënte het die ontwikkeling van immunoterapie aangespoor. Hierdie oorsig kyk na die genetiese wortels van CSCC en die nuutste behandelings wat spesifieke molekules en die immuunstelsel teiken.
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is the second most frequent cancer in humans and its incidence continues to rise. Although CSCC usually display a benign clinical behavior, it can be both locally invasive and metastatic. The signaling pathways involved in CSCC development have given rise to targetable molecules in recent decades. In addition, the high mutational burden and increased risk of CSCC in patients under immunosuppression were part of the rationale for developing the immunotherapy for CSCC that has changed the therapeutic landscape. This review focuses on the molecular basis of CSCC and the current biology-based approaches of targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors