Basal cell carcinoma
☆ እ.ኤ.አ. በ 2022 ከጀርመን የስቲፍቱንግ ዋረንቴስት ውጤቶች ፣ በሞዴልደርም የተገልጋዮች እርካታ ከሚከፈልባቸው የቴሌሜዲኬን ምክሮች በትንሹ ያነሰ ነበር።
በአረጋውያን ላይ በአፍንጫ ቆዳ ላይ የሚደርሰው ቁስለት ብዙውን ጊዜ Basal cell carcinoma ተብሎ ይታወቃል። አፍንጫ ለዚህ ዓይነቱ የቆዳ ካንሰር የተለመደ ቦታ ነው.
Basal cell carcinoma ያልተስተካከለ ድንበሮች እና ቁስሎች ሊኖሩ ይችላሉ።
Basal cell carcinoma ኪንታሮት ተብሎ ሊሳሳት ይችላል።
References
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) በጣም የተለመደው የቆዳ ካንሰር አይነት ነው። የፀሐይ ብርሃን መጋለጥ ዋነኛው መንስኤ ነው. ሁሉም ማለት ይቻላል የቢሲሲ ጉዳዮች በሞለኪውላዊ ትንተና ውስጥ ከመጠን በላይ ንቁ የ Hedgehog ምልክት ያሳያሉ። የመድገም ስጋት፣ የሕብረ ሕዋሳትን የመጠበቅ አስፈላጊነት፣ የታካሚ ምርጫ እና የበሽታ መጠን ላይ ተመስርተው የተለያዩ ሕክምናዎች ይገኛሉ እና የተመረጡ ናቸው።
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy. Exposure to sunlight is the most important risk factor. Most, if not all, cases of BCC demonstrate overactive Hedgehog signaling. A variety of treatment modalities exist and are selected based on recurrence risk, importance of tissue preservation, patient preference, and extent of disease.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common malignancy. Exposure to sunlight is the most important risk factor. Most, if not all, cases of BCC demonstrate overactive Hedgehog signaling. A variety of treatment modalities exist and are selected based on recurrence risk, importance of tissue preservation, patient preference, and extent of disease.
Basal cell carcinomas እድሜያቸው 50 እና ከዚያ በላይ የሆናቸው ፍትሀዊ ቆዳ ያላቸው ጎልማሶች ላይ በብዛት የሚከሰት የቆዳ ካንሰር ነው። በዋነኛነት ለፀሀይ ብርሀን በመጋለጣቸው ቁጥራቸው በአለም አቀፍ ደረጃ እየጨመረ ነው። አንዳንድ የጄኔቲክ ሁኔታዎች ሰዎች በለጋ እድሜያቸው ለእነዚህ ካንሰሮች እንዲጋለጡ ያደርጋቸዋል። Basal cell carcinomas በቀላሉ ሊታከሙ ከሚችሉ ላዩን ወይም አንጓ ቁስሎች አንስቶ በልዩ የሕክምና ቡድኖች ውስጥ መወያየት የሚጠይቁ ሰፊ ጉዳቶች ባሉበት መጠን ይለያያል። ትንበያው የሚወሰነው በካንሰር የመመለስ እድል ወይም በአቅራቢያው ያሉ ሕብረ ሕዋሳትን የመጉዳት ችሎታው ላይ ነው። ቀዶ ጥገና ለአብዛኛዎቹ ጉዳዮች መደበኛ ህክምና ነው, ይህም በትክክል መወገድን እና የመድገም እድሎችን ዝቅተኛ ያደርገዋል. አነስ ያሉ ወራሪ ዘዴዎች የላይኛውን ቁስሎች ውጤታማ በሆነ መንገድ ማከም ይችላሉ.
Basal cell carcinomas are the most frequent skin cancers in the fair-skinned adult population over 50 years of age. Their incidence is increasing throughout the world. Ultraviolet (UV) exposure is the major carcinogenic factor. Some genodermatosis can predispose to formation of basal cell carcinomas at an earlier age. Basal cell carcinomas are heterogeneous, from superficial or nodular lesions of good prognosis to very extensive difficult-to-treat lesions that must be discussed in multidisciplinary committees. The prognosis is linked to the risk of recurrence of basal cell carcinoma or its local destructive capacity. The standard treatment for most basal cell carcinomas is surgery, as it allows excision margin control and shows a low risk of recurrence. Superficial lesions can be treated by non-surgical methods with significant efficacy.
Basal cell carcinomas are the most frequent skin cancers in the fair-skinned adult population over 50 years of age. Their incidence is increasing throughout the world. Ultraviolet (UV) exposure is the major carcinogenic factor. Some genodermatosis can predispose to formation of basal cell carcinomas at an earlier age. Basal cell carcinomas are heterogeneous, from superficial or nodular lesions of good prognosis to very extensive difficult-to-treat lesions that must be discussed in multidisciplinary committees. The prognosis is linked to the risk of recurrence of basal cell carcinoma or its local destructive capacity. The standard treatment for most basal cell carcinomas is surgery, as it allows excision margin control and shows a low risk of recurrence. Superficial lesions can be treated by non-surgical methods with significant efficacy.
ለቢሲሲ ዋናው ሕክምና ቀዶ ጥገና ነው. ለከፍተኛ አደጋ ወይም ተደጋጋሚ BCC, በተለይም ወሳኝ በሆኑ ቦታዎች, በማይክሮግራፍ ቁጥጥር የሚደረግ ቀዶ ጥገና ይመከራል. ዝቅተኛ ስጋት ያላቸው ላዩን ቢሲሲ ያላቸው ታካሚዎች ወቅታዊ ህክምናዎችን ወይም አጥፊ ዘዴዎችን ሊያስቡ ይችላሉ። የፎቶዳይናሚክ ቴራፒ ለላይ ላዩን እና ለአነስተኛ ተጋላጭነት nodular BCCs በደንብ ይሰራል። ለአካባቢው የላቀ ወይም ሜታስታቲክ BCC፣ Hedgehog inhibitors (vismodegib, sonidegib) ይመከራል። ለ Hedgehog inhibitors የበሽታ መሻሻል ወይም አለመቻቻል ካለ በ anti-PD1 antibody (cemiplimab) የበሽታ መከላከያ ህክምናን ግምት ውስጥ ማስገባት ይቻላል. ራዲዮቴራፒ ቀዶ ጥገና ማድረግ ለማይችሉ ታካሚዎች ጥሩ አማራጭ ነው, በተለይም በዕድሜ የገፉ ታካሚዎች. የቀዶ ጥገና ወይም የራዲዮቴራፒ አማራጭ ካልሆነ ኤሌክትሮኬሞቴራፒ ሊወሰድ ይችላል.
The primary treatment for BCC is surgery. For high-risk or recurring BCC, especially in critical areas, micrographically controlled surgery is recommended. Patients with low-risk superficial BCC might consider topical treatments or destructive methods. Photodynamic therapy works well for superficial and low-risk nodular BCCs. For locally advanced or metastatic BCC, Hedgehog inhibitors (vismodegib, sonidegib) are recommended. If there's disease progression or intolerance to Hedgehog inhibitors, immunotherapy with anti-PD1 antibody (cemiplimab) can be considered. Radiotherapy is a good option for patients who can't have surgery, especially older patients. Electrochemotherapy could be considered if surgery or radiotherapy isn't an option.
The primary treatment for BCC is surgery. For high-risk or recurring BCC, especially in critical areas, micrographically controlled surgery is recommended. Patients with low-risk superficial BCC might consider topical treatments or destructive methods. Photodynamic therapy works well for superficial and low-risk nodular BCCs. For locally advanced or metastatic BCC, Hedgehog inhibitors (vismodegib, sonidegib) are recommended. If there's disease progression or intolerance to Hedgehog inhibitors, immunotherapy with anti-PD1 antibody (cemiplimab) can be considered. Radiotherapy is a good option for patients who can't have surgery, especially older patients. Electrochemotherapy could be considered if surgery or radiotherapy isn't an option.
የአደጋ መንስኤዎች ለአልትራቫዮሌት ብርሃን መጋለጥ፣ የጨረር ሕክምና፣ ለአርሴኒክ ለረጅም ጊዜ መጋለጥ እና ደካማ የበሽታ መቋቋም ስርዓት ተግባር (ለምሳሌ የአካል ክፍሎች ሽግግር) ያካትታሉ። በልጅነት ጊዜ ለ UV ብርሃን መጋለጥ በተለይ ጎጂ ነው.
በባዮፕሲ ምርመራ ከተደረገ በኋላ, ህክምናው በተለምዶ በቀዶ ጥገና መወገድ ነው. ካንሰሩ ትንሽ ከሆነ ይህ በቀላል መቆረጥ ሊሆን ይችላል; ካንሰሩ ትንሽ ካልሆነ, Mohs ቀዶ ጥገና በአጠቃላይ ይመከራል.
ባሳል ሴል ካርሲኖማ በአለም አቀፍ ደረጃ ከሁሉም ካንሰሮች 32 በመቶውን ይይዛል። ከሜላኖማ በስተቀር ከቆዳ ነቀርሳዎች 80% ያህሉ የባሳል ሴል ካንሰር ናቸው። በዩናይትድ ስቴትስ ውስጥ 35% የሚሆኑት ነጭ ወንዶች እና 25% ነጭ ሴቶች በሕይወታቸው ውስጥ በሆነ ወቅት ባሳል ሴል ካርሲኖማ ይጎዳሉ.
○ ምርመራ እና ህክምና
#Dermoscopy
#Skin biopsy
#Mohs surgery