ተጨማሪ መረጃ ― አማርኛ

Porokeratosis በኬራቲኒዜሽን ችግር የሚታወቅ ብርቅዬ የቆዳ ህመም ሲሆን፣ ይህም በቆዳው ላይ ከፍ ያለ፣ የቀለበት ቅርጽ ያላቸው ንክሻዎች ወይም ሻካራ እብጠቶችን ያስከትላል። በአጉሊ መነፅር ውስጥ ያለው ልዩ ባህሪ በቆዳው የላይኛው ክፍል ውስጥ የተወሰኑ የሴሎች ዝግጅት ኮርኖይድ ላሜላ መኖሩ ነው። Porokeratosis በተለያዩ ቅርጾች (disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, classical porokeratosis of Mibelli, porokeratosis palmaris plantaris et disseminatum, linear porokeratosis) ይታያል። Porokeratosis ወደ የቆዳ ካንሰር ሊያድግ እንደሚችል ልብ ማለት ያስፈልጋል። Porokeratosis ለማረጋገጥ በተሻለ መንገድ ከፍተኛ ድንበር ባዮፕሲ ነው፤ ነገር ግን በአሁኑ ጊዜ የተወሰነ የህክምና ፕሮቶኮል የለም።
Porokeratosis is an uncommon dermatologic disorder. It is a disorder of keratinization that presents with keratotic papules or annular plaques with an elevated border. It has a distinct histologic hallmark of cornoid lamella, which is a column of tightly fitted parakeratotic cells in the upper epidermis. There are multiple clinical variants of porokeratosis, including disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, classical porokeratosis of Mibelli, porokeratosis palmaris plantaris et disseminatum, and linear porokeratosis. Porokeratosis is a precancerous lesion that can undergo malignant transformation. Evaluation of porokeratosis is best with a biopsy of the elevated border. There are no standard guidelines for treatment.

Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) የተዘበረ keratinization በሽታ ነው። ከስድስቱ የፖሮኬራቶሲስ ዓይነቶች አንዱ ነው፣ እና በአብዛኛው ከሌሎች (linear, Mibelli's, punctate, palmoplantar disseminated, superficial porokeratosis) ጋር ሲነጻጸር ትልቅ አካባቢዎችን ይጎዳል። የሚፈነዳው የፖሮኬራቶሲስ ዓይነት ብዙውን ጊዜ ከካንሰር፣ ከተዳከሙ መከላከያዎች ወይም እብጠት ጋር ይገናኛል። የአደገኛ መንስኤዎች ጄኔቲክስ፣ የበሽታ መከላከያዎችን መጨፍለቅ እና የፀሐይ መጋለጥን ያካትታሉ። DSAP በፀሐይ ተጋለጠ አካባቢዎች ላይ እንደ ሮዝ ወይም ቡናማ እብጠት ይታያል፣ እነዚህም አንዳንድ ጊዜ ትንሽ ማሳከክን ያስከትላሉ። ሕክምናዎች ይለያያሉ፤ የአካባቢ ቅባቶች፣ የብርሃን ህክምና ወይም 5-fluorouracil እና retinoids ያሉ መድሃኒቶችን ሊያካትቱ ይችላሉ። እነዚህ ቁስሎች እንደ ቅድመ-ካንሰር ይቆጠራሉ፤ 7.5‑10% ወደ ስኩዌም ሴል ወይም ባሳል ሴል ካርሲኖማ የመቀየር እድል አላቸው።
Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis (DSAP) is a disease of disordered keratinization. Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis is one of six variants of porokeratosis. It has more extensive involvement than most other variants. These other variants include linear porokeratosis, porokeratosis of Mibelli, punctate porokeratosis, porokeratosis palmaris et plantaris disseminata, and disseminated superficial porokeratosis. The eruptive form of porokeratosis is associated with malignancy, immunosuppression, and a proinflammatory state. Risk factors for porokeratosis include genetics, immunosuppression, and ultraviolet light. The lesions in disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis start as pink to brown papules and macules with a raised border in sun-exposed areas that can be asymptomatic or slightly pruritic. There are many options for the treatment of disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis, including topical diclofenac, photodynamic therapy (PDT), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), imiquimod, vitamin D analogs, retinoids, and lasers. These lesions are considered precancerous. There is a 7.5 to 10% risk of malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma or basal cell carcinoma.

አንድ 52 ዓመት ዕድሜ ያለው ሰው ቀደም ባለው ጤነኛ ሁኔታ ምንም ምልክት ሳይታይበት ለሁለት ዓመታት ተገብቶ ነበር። በአራተኛው የእግር ጣቱ ጫፍ ላይ ቅርጸ ጠፍጣፍ ያለ ጠፍጣፍ ተቀምጧል። ይህ ችግር ትንሽ እና ከባድ እብጠት በመሆኑ የተጀመረ ነው፣ እና ጊዜ በጊዜ ወደ ውጭ ቦታ ይተላለፋል። Cryotherapy, Cream, Photodynamic therapy እና Antibiotics ያሉ የተለያዩ ህክምናዎችን ቢሞክርም ፍላጎቱ አልተሻለም። Dermoscopy በቅርብ ሲደረግ ጥቅጥቅ ያለ እና ሸካራ ድንበር ያለው ደረቅ ቀይ ማእከል ታይቷል። ከጠፍጣፋው ጠርዝ ላይ ትንሽ የቆዳ ቁርጥራጭ በቆዳው ውጭ ክፍል ላይ ያልተለመደ የሴል እድገትን ያሳያል፣ ይህም porokeratosis of Mibelli የሚባለውን ሕክምና ያረጋግጣል።
A 52-year-old man with no past medical history presented with an asymptomatic annular atrophic patch on the distal portion of the fourth toe of 2 years’ duration. The lesion began as a small keratotic papule that gradually enlarged centrifugally. He had received multiple treatments including cryotherapy, topical corticosteroids, antifungals, and antibiotics without improvement. Dermoscopic examination revealed a scaly atrophic erythematous central area with a sharply demarcated peripheral hyperkeratotic structure. A skin biopsy of the edge of the lesion revealed a cornoid lamella with a column of parakeratotic cells extending from an invagination of the epidermis with absence of granular layer. The clinicopathologic correlation was consistent with porokeratosis of Mibelli.