Herpes zoster - Šindre
☆ U rezultatima Stiftung Warentest-a za 2022. iz Njemačke, zadovoljstvo potrošača ModelDerm-om bilo je samo nešto niže nego s plaćenim telemedicinskim konsultacijama.
Herpes zoster plikovi na vratu i ramenima
References
Šindre, uzrokovane reaktivacijom virusa varičela zoster odgovornog za vodene kozice, pogađaju oko milion ljudi godišnje u Sjedinjenim Državama, sa životnim rizikom od 30%. Oni sa oslabljenim imunološkim sistemom znatno su skloniji razvoju herpesa, sa simptomima koji obično počinju malaksalošću, glavoboljom i blagom temperaturom, nakon čega slijede neobični osjećaji na koži nekoliko dana prije pojave osipa. Ovaj osip, koji se obično pojavljuje na određenom dijelu tijela, napreduje od prozirnih plikova do ranica s koricama tokom jedne sedmice do deset dana. Brzo liječenje antivirusnim lijekovima (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) unutar 72 sata od pojave osipa je ključno. Postherpetična neuralgija, uobičajena komplikacija koju karakterizira produženi bol u zahvaćenom području, pogađa otprilike jednog od pet pacijenata i zahtijeva kontinuirano liječenje lijekovima kao što su gabapentin, pregabalin ili određeni antidepresivi, zajedno s lokalnim lijekovima poput lidokaina ili kapsaicina. Vakcinacija protiv virusa varičela zoster preporučuje se odraslima starijim od 50 godina kako bi se smanjio rizik od šindre.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Herpes zoster se češće javlja kod ljudi starijih od 50 godina, onih sa oslabljenim imunološkim sistemom i onih koji uzimaju imunosupresivne lijekove. Pokreće ga reaktivacija virusa varičela-zoster, istog virusa koji uzrokuje vodene kozice. Simptomi kao što su groznica, bol i svrab obično prethode pojavi karakterističnog osipa. Najčešća komplikacija je post-herpetična neuralgija, koja je uporni bol u nervima nakon što osip nestane. Faktori rizika i komplikacije povezane s herpes zosterom variraju ovisno o dobi, imunološkom zdravlju i vremenu početka liječenja. Pokazalo se da vakcinacija za osobe starije od 60 godina značajno smanjuje pojavu herpes zoster i post-herpetične neuralgije. Početak primjene antivirusnih lijekova i lijekova protiv bolova u roku od 72 sata od pojave osipa može smanjiti težinu i komplikacije herpes zoster i post-herpetične neuralgije.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Klinička ispitivanja prije odobrenja pokazuju da živa vakcina protiv zostera djeluje oko 50 do 70%, dok rekombinantna vakcina ima bolji učinak, u rasponu od 90 do 97%. U stvarnim studijama, oni podržavaju nalaze ispitivanja, pokazujući da je živa vakcina efikasna oko 46%, dok je rekombinantna oko 85%.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
Vodene kozice, koje se nazivaju i varičela, rezultat su početne infekcije virusom, koja se obično javlja u djetinjstvu ili adolescenciji. Nakon što se vodene kozice izliječe, virus može ostati neaktivan (uspavan) u ljudskim nervnim stanicama godinama ili decenijama, nakon čega se može ponovo aktivirati. šindre (herpes zoster) nastaje kada se uspavani virus varičele ponovo aktivira. Zatim virus putuje duž nervnih tela do nervnih završetaka na koži, stvarajući plikove. Tokom izbijanja šindre (herpes zoster) , izlaganje virusu varičele koji se nalazi u šindre (herpes zoster) mjehurićima može uzrokovati varičele kod nekoga ko još nije imao vodene kozice.
Faktori rizika za reaktivaciju uspavanog virusa uključuju starost, slabu imunološku funkciju i oboljevanje od vodenih kozica prije 18 mjeseci života. Varicella zoster virus nije isto što i herpes simplex virus, iako oba pripadaju istoj porodici herpesvirusa.
šindre (herpes zoster) vakcine smanjuju rizik od šindre (herpes zoster) za 50% do 90%. Također smanjuje stopu postherpetične neuralgije i, ako se pojavi šindre (herpes zoster) , njenu težinu. Ako se šindre (herpes zoster) razvije, antivirusni lijekovi kao što je aciklovir mogu smanjiti težinu i trajanje bolesti ako se započnu unutar 72 sata od pojave osipa.
○ Treatment
Ako se lezije brzo šire, posjetite liječnika što je prije moguće radi antivirusnog liječenja.
Potrebni su i antivirusni lijekovi i lijekovi za neuralgiju. Trebalo bi da se odmorite i prestanete da pijete alkohol.
#Acyclovir
#Fancyclovir
#Valacyclovir
#Gabapentin
#Pregabalin