Panniculitis - Panikulitishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panniculitis
Panikulitis (Panniculitis) je grupa bolesti čiji je znak upala potkožnog masnog tkiva. Simptomi uključuju osjetljive čvorove na koži i sistemske znakove kao što su gubitak težine i umor.

"Erythema nodosum" je oblik panikulitis (panniculitis) koji karakteriziraju nježni crveni čvorići, 1-10 cm, povezani sa sistemskim simptomima uključujući groznicu, slabost i bol u zglobovima. Čvorovi se mogu povući u periodu od 2-6 sedmica bez ulceracija ili ožiljaka. Nodosum eritema je povezan s infekcijama, uključujući hepatitis C, EBV i tuberkulozu, trudnoću, ne-Hodgkin limfom i rak gušterače.

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References Erythema Nodosum: A Practical Approach and Diagnostic Algorithm 33683567 
NIH
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
 Panniculitis in Children 34449587 
NIH
Panniculitis čine heterogenu grupu upalnih bolesti koje uključuju potkožno masno tkivo. Ovi poremećaji su rijetki kod djece. Panikulitis može biti primarni proces u sistemskom poremećaju ili sekundarni proces koji je rezultat infekcije, traume ili izlaganja lijekovima. Većina tipova panikulitisa ima istu kliničku sliku (bez obzira na etiologiju) , s osjetljivim, eritematoznim potkožnim čvorovima.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
 Erythema nodosum - a review of an uncommon panniculitis 24746312
Panniculitis , upala potkožnog masnog tkiva, obično se manifestuje upalnim čvorovima. Erythema nodosum (EN) je klinički najčešći oblik panikulitisa. Dok se do 55% EN smatra idiopatskim, najčešći uzroci uključuju infekcije, lijekove, sistemske bolesti kao što su sarkoidoza i upalna bolest crijeva, trudnoća i malignitet. EN se obično javlja u tinejdžerima i 20-im godinama, a češće se javlja kod žena. Često mu prethodi nespecifični prodrom od jedne do tri sedmice, koji može uključivati ​​groznicu, slabost i simptome infekcije gornjih disajnih puteva. Zatim slijede kožne lezije, obično lokalizirane na ekstenzornom dijelu udova. Lezije su bolni zaobljeni ili ovalni, blago uzdignuti, neulcerativni crveni čvorići. Tačna patogeneza EN nije shvaćena, iako se smatra da je rezultat taloženja imunih kompleksa u venulama septa u potkožnom masnom tkivu, što uzrokuje neutrofilni panikulitis. Čak i bez specifične terapije za uzročno stanje, EN se u većini slučajeva povlači bez liječenja.
Panniculitis, inflammation of the subcutaneous fat, usually presents with inflammatory nodules. Erythema nodosum (EN) is clinically the most frequent form of panniculitis. Whilst up to 55% of EN is considered idiopathic, the most common causes include infections, drugs, systemic illnesses such as sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and malignancy. EN typically presents in the teens and 20s, and is seen more commonly in females. It is often preceded by a non-specific prodrome of one to three weeks, which may include fever, malaise, and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Cutaneous lesions then follow, typically localized on the extensor aspect of the limbs. The lesions are painful rounded or oval, slightly raised, non-ulcerative red nodules. The exact pathogenesis of EN is not understood, although is thought to result from deposition of immune complexes in the venules of the septae in subcutaneous fat, causing a neutrophilic panniculitis. Even without specific therapy for a causative condition, EN resolves without treatment in most cases.