Erythema nodosum
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Mae'n ymddangos fel nodule erythematous poenus ar y goes.
References
Erythema nodosum yw'r math mwyaf cyffredin o panniculitis, a nodweddir gan nodiwlau coch poenus, a geir yn bennaf ar waelod y coesau. Mae ei union achos yn parhau i fod yn anhysbys, ond mae'n ymddangos ei fod yn deillio o ymateb gorliwiedig i wahanol sbardunau. Er bod ei darddiad yn aml yn ansicr, mae'n hanfodol diystyru amodau sylfaenol eraill cyn gwneud diagnosis o primary erythema nodosum. Gall nodi dyfodiad clefydau systemig fel heintiau, llid, canser, neu adweithiau i feddyginiaeth. Mae sbardunau cyffredin yn cynnwys strep infections, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, certain medications, pregnancy.
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Mae Panniculitis yn cyfeirio at set amrywiol o gyflyrau llidiol sy'n effeithio ar y meinwe braster o dan y croen. Mae'r amodau hyn yn anghyffredin mewn plant. Gall Panniculitis naill ai fod yn brif broblem mewn cyflwr systemig neu adwaith eilradd i ffactorau fel haint, anaf, neu rai meddyginiaethau. Waeth beth fo'r achos, mae'r rhan fwyaf o fathau o panniculitis yn dangos symptomau tebyg, gan gynnwys nodiwlau coch poenus o dan y croen.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Mae Panniculitis , llid yn yr haen fraster o dan y croen, yn gyflwr prin sy'n ymddangos fel nodwlau neu glytiau chwyddedig. Erythema nodosum (EN) yw'r math mwyaf cyffredin, yn aml yn cael ei sbarduno gan ffactorau amrywiol. Er nad oes gan tua 55% o achosion unrhyw achos clir, mae sbardunau cyffredin yn cynnwys heintiau, meddyginiaethau, rhai afiechydon fel sarcoidosis a chlefyd y coluddyn llid, beichiogrwydd, a chanser. Mae EN fel arfer yn ymddangos ymhlith pobl ifanc yn eu harddegau ac oedolion ifanc, yn amlach mewn merched. Yn aml caiff ei ragflaenu gan deimlad cyffredinol o salwch sy'n para wythnos neu dair, gyda symptomau fel twymyn a phroblemau anadlol uwch. Yna, mae nodules coch yn ymddangos, fel arfer ar ochrau allanol y breichiau a'r coesau, gan achosi poen. Nid yw union achos EN yn cael ei ddeall yn llawn, ond credir ei fod yn cynnwys cyfadeiladau imiwn mewn pibellau gwaed bach o'r haen fraster, gan arwain at lid. Yn nodweddiadol, mae biopsi yn dangos llid yn yr haen fraster heb niwed i bibellau gwaed. Hyd yn oed heb driniaeth benodol ar gyfer yr achos sylfaenol, mae EN yn aml yn datrys ar ei ben ei hun. Felly, dim ond gofal cefnogol sydd ei angen ar y rhan fwyaf o gleifion ar gyfer eu symptomau.
Panniculitis, an inflammation of the fat layer under the skin, is a rare condition usually showing up as swollen nodules or patches. Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common type, often triggered by various factors. While around 55% of cases have no clear cause, common triggers include infections, medications, certain diseases like sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and cancer. EN usually appears in teens and young adults, more often in females. It's often preceded by a general feeling of illness lasting one to three weeks, with symptoms like fever and upper respiratory issues. Then, red nodules appear, usually on the outer sides of arms and legs, causing pain. EN's exact cause isn't fully understood, but it's believed to involve immune complexes in small blood vessels of the fat layer, leading to inflammation. Typically, a biopsy shows inflammation in the fat layer without damage to blood vessels. Even without specific treatment for the underlying cause, EN often resolves on its own. So, most patients need only supportive care for their symptoms.
Panniculitis, an inflammation of the fat layer under the skin, is a rare condition usually showing up as swollen nodules or patches. Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common type, often triggered by various factors. While around 55% of cases have no clear cause, common triggers include infections, medications, certain diseases like sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and cancer. EN usually appears in teens and young adults, more often in females. It's often preceded by a general feeling of illness lasting one to three weeks, with symptoms like fever and upper respiratory issues. Then, red nodules appear, usually on the outer sides of arms and legs, causing pain. EN's exact cause isn't fully understood, but it's believed to involve immune complexes in small blood vessels of the fat layer, leading to inflammation. Typically, a biopsy shows inflammation in the fat layer without damage to blood vessels. Even without specific treatment for the underlying cause, EN often resolves on its own. So, most patients need only supportive care for their symptoms.
Mae erythema nodosum yn cael ei ddiagnosio'n glinigol. Gellir cymryd biopsi a'i archwilio'n ficrosgopig i gadarnhau diagnosis ansicr. Dylid cynnal pelydr-X o'r frest i ddiystyru clefydau'r ysgyfaint, yn enwedig sarcoidosis a thwbercwlosis.