Herpes simplex
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Herpes simplex på læben.
Herpes simplex ― Herpes simplex-infektion i fingre er mere almindelig hos små børn end hos voksne.
References
HSV-1-infektion skrider frem gennem primær infektion af epitelceller, efterfulgt af latens, hovedsageligt i neuroner, og reaktivering. HSV-1 forårsager almindeligvis initiale og tilbagevendende vesikulære udbrud, hovedsageligt på munden og genital slimhinde. Dens manifestationer spænder fra orolabial herpes til forskellige tilstande såsom herpetisk folliculitis, hudinfektioner, øjenpåvirkning og alvorlige tilfælde som herpes encephalitis. Antiviral terapi hjælper med at håndtere HSV-infektion.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. Its structure is composed of linear dsDNA, an icosahedral capsid that is 100 to 110 nm in diameter, with a spikey envelope. In general, the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection follows a cycle of primary infection of epithelial cells, latency primarily in neurons, and reactivation. HSV-1 is responsible for establishing primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions, primarily in the orolabial and genital mucosa. HSV-1 infection has a wide variety of presentations, including orolabial herpes, herpetic sycosis (HSV folliculitis), herpes gladiatorum, herpetic whitlow, ocular HSV infection, herpes encephalitis, Kaposi varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum), and severe or chronic HSV infection. Antiviral therapy limits the course of HSV infection.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. Its structure is composed of linear dsDNA, an icosahedral capsid that is 100 to 110 nm in diameter, with a spikey envelope. In general, the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection follows a cycle of primary infection of epithelial cells, latency primarily in neurons, and reactivation. HSV-1 is responsible for establishing primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions, primarily in the orolabial and genital mucosa. HSV-1 infection has a wide variety of presentations, including orolabial herpes, herpetic sycosis (HSV folliculitis), herpes gladiatorum, herpetic whitlow, ocular HSV infection, herpes encephalitis, Kaposi varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum), and severe or chronic HSV infection. Antiviral therapy limits the course of HSV infection.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) er en udbredt infektion, der påvirker omkring 22 % af voksne på 12 år og derover, i alt 45 millioner voksne i USA. Mens HSV-1 typisk forårsager mundsår, kan det også føre til genitale læsioner. Men når patienter har genitale læsioner, er HSV-2 normalt den største bekymring. Symptomerne på HSV-2-udbrud er ofte vage, såsom kløe og irritation i kønsorganerne, hvilket kan forsinke diagnose og behandling. Denne forsinkelse kan resultere i yderligere overførsel til uinficerede personer.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) continues to be a common infection, affecting approximately 22% of adults ages 12 and older, representing 45 million adults in the United States alone. While HSV-1 often affects the perioral region and can be known to cause genital lesions, HSV-2 is more commonly the consideration when patients present with genital lesions. Despite this, most outbreaks of the infection will present with nonspecific symptoms such as genital itching, irritation, and excoriations, which may cause diagnosis and treatment to be delayed. As a result, further exposure to uninfected individuals may occur.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) continues to be a common infection, affecting approximately 22% of adults ages 12 and older, representing 45 million adults in the United States alone. While HSV-1 often affects the perioral region and can be known to cause genital lesions, HSV-2 is more commonly the consideration when patients present with genital lesions. Despite this, most outbreaks of the infection will present with nonspecific symptoms such as genital itching, irritation, and excoriations, which may cause diagnosis and treatment to be delayed. As a result, further exposure to uninfected individuals may occur.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) forårsager almindeligvis infektioner som genital herpes og forkølelsessår hos teenagere og voksne. Når HSV smitter et spædbarn inden for de første 4-6 uger af livet, kan det resultere i alvorlig sygdom med alvorlige konsekvenser. Hurtig diagnosticering af neonatal HSV-infektion er afgørende for at forhindre sygdommen i at blive værre og forhindre neurologiske problemer (endda død) .
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a well-known cause of infections including genital herpes and herpes labialis in the adolescent and adult population. Transmission of HSV infection to an infant during the first 4-6 weeks of life can lead to devastating disease with the potential for poor outcomes. Early diagnosis is imperative when evaluating neonatal HSV infection in order to prevent further disease progression, neurological complications, and even death.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a well-known cause of infections including genital herpes and herpes labialis in the adolescent and adult population. Transmission of HSV infection to an infant during the first 4-6 weeks of life can lead to devastating disease with the potential for poor outcomes. Early diagnosis is imperative when evaluating neonatal HSV infection in order to prevent further disease progression, neurological complications, and even death.
Herpes simplex infektion er meget almindelig og kan overføres fra gravide kvinder til deres babyer. Denne virus kan forårsage alvorlige helbredsproblemer eller endda død hos nyfødte. Selvom det er sjældent under selve graviditeten, sker det ofte under fødslen. Risikoen er størst, hvis moderen bliver smittet i de senere stadier af graviditeten. Denne risiko kan dog reduceres ved at bruge antivirale lægemidler eller vælge et kejsersnit i visse situationer.
Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases.
Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 og 2 inficerer mange mennesker verden over. Normalt forbliver virussen stille i nervecellerne efter at have inficeret huden, men den kan genaktiveres senere og forårsage forkølelsessår. Nogle gange fører det til alvorlige problemer som øjeninfektioner, hjernebetændelse eller farlige tilstande hos nyfødte og personer med svagt immunsystem. Mens nuværende medicin hjælper med at kontrollere infektioner, er risikoen for lægemiddelresistens og bivirkninger fortsat en bekymring. Vi har brug for nye lægemidler til at målrette mod virussen bedre.
Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 is ubiquitous in the human population. Most commonly, virus replication is limited to the epithelia and establishes latency in enervating sensory neurons, reactivating periodically to produce localized recurrent lesions. However, these viruses can also cause severe disease such as recurrent keratitis leading potentially to blindness, as well as encephalitis, and systemic disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Although antiviral therapy has allowed continual and substantial improvement in the management of both primary and recurrent infections, resistance to currently available drugs and long-term toxicity pose a current and future threat that should be addressed through the development of new antiviral compounds directed against new targets.
Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 is ubiquitous in the human population. Most commonly, virus replication is limited to the epithelia and establishes latency in enervating sensory neurons, reactivating periodically to produce localized recurrent lesions. However, these viruses can also cause severe disease such as recurrent keratitis leading potentially to blindness, as well as encephalitis, and systemic disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Although antiviral therapy has allowed continual and substantial improvement in the management of both primary and recurrent infections, resistance to currently available drugs and long-term toxicity pose a current and future threat that should be addressed through the development of new antiviral compounds directed against new targets.
Der er to typer herpes simplex -virus, type 1 (HSV-1) og type 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1 forårsager mere almindeligt infektioner omkring munden, mens HSV-2 mere almindeligt forårsager genitale infektioner. De overføres ved direkte kontakt med det inficerede individ. Genital herpes er klassificeret som en seksuelt overført infektion. Det kan spredes til et spædbarn under fødslen. Efter infektion transporteres vira langs sensoriske nerver til nervecellelegemerne, hvor de opholder sig livslangt. Årsager til tilbagefald kan omfatte: nedsat immunfunktion, stress og sollys.
I de fleste tilfælde tages antivirale lægemidler kun, når symptomerne er alvorlige. Daglig antiviral medicin kan ordineres til en person, der har meget hyppig infektion. Der er ingen tilgængelig vaccine, og helvedesildsvaccinen forhindrer ikke herpes simplex. Behandlinger med antiviral medicin såsom aciclovir eller valaciclovir kan mindske sværhedsgraden af symptomerne.
På verdensplan er forekomsten af enten HSV-1 eller HSV-2 mellem 60 % og 95 % hos voksne. HSV-1 er normalt inficeret i barndommen. Det anslås, at 536 millioner mennesker på verdensplan (16% af befolkningen) var inficeret med HSV-2 i 2003 med større forekomster blandt kvinder og dem i udviklingslandene. De fleste mennesker med HSV-2 er ikke klar over, at de er inficerede.
○ Behandling ― OTC-lægemidler
Undgå enhver fysisk kontakt, såsom at kysse et barn, mens blærerne er til stede, da kontakt kan sprede infektionen til andre mennesker. Du bør hvile uden at drikke alkohol.
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