Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation er en kutan tilstand, der er karakteriseret ved øget pigmentering i huden efter en betændelse. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation kan skyldes langvarig soleksponering, betændelse eller andre hudskader, herunder dem, der er relateret til akne. Mennesker med mørkere hudtoner er generelt mere tilbøjelige til hyperpigmentering ved overdreven soleksponering.
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ReferencesPostinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) er et hyppigt hudproblem, der opstår efter hudbetændelse eller skade. Det har en tendens til at vare længe og er værre hos personer med mørkere hudtoner (Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI). Selvom det ofte bliver bedre af sig selv, kan dette tage et stykke tid, så der ofte er behov for behandling over længere tid. Kombination af forskellige behandlinger giver bedst resultat.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common acquired cutaneous disorder occurring after skin inflammation or injury. It is chronic and is more common and severe in darker-skinned individuals (Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI). While the condition typically improves spontaneously, this process can take months to years, necessitating prolonged treatment. Combination therapy is the most effective.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common acquired cutaneous disorder occurring after skin inflammation or injury. It is chronic and is more common and severe in darker-skinned individuals (Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI). While the condition typically improves spontaneously, this process can take months to years, necessitating prolonged treatment. Combination therapy is the most effective.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation er en almindelig følgetilstand af hudbetændelse. Tilstanden påvirker typisk mørkere personer mere alvorligt og hyppigere. Undersøgelser viser, at postinflammatory hyperpigmentation er en af hovedårsagerne til, at personer med mørkere hudtoner søger dermatologisk behandling. Tidlig behandling er afgørende og starter normalt med at håndtere den indledende betændelsestilstand. Den første behandlingslinje involverer typisk topiske midler, der lysner huden, i kombination med solcreme for beskyttelse. Sådanne midler – hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid, arbutin og licorice extracts – kan effektivt reducere overdreven pigmentering. Derudover anvendes retinoider, mequinol, ascorbic acid, niacinamide, N‑acetyl‑glucosamine og soy som depigmenterende midler, og nye behandlinger udvikles løbende. Mens topiske behandlinger normalt er effektive mod overfladisk hyperpigmentering, kan procedurer (laser, chemical peel) være nødvendige ved genstridige tilfælde. Det er vigtigt at være forsigtig med disse behandlinger for at undgå irritation og forværring af postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation is a common sequelae of inflammatory dermatoses that tends to affect darker skinned patients with greater frequency and severity. Epidemiological studies show that dyschromias, including postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, are among the most common reasons darker racial/ethnic groups seek the care of a dermatologist. The treatment of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation should be started early to help hasten its resolution and begins with management of the initial inflammatory condition. First-line therapy typically consists of topical depigmenting agents in addition to photoprotection including a sunscreen. Topical tyrosinase inhibitors, such as hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, and certain licorice extracts, can effectively lighten areas of hypermelanosis. Other depigmenting agents include retinoids, mequinol, ascorbic acid, niacinamide, N-acetyl glucosamine, and soy with a number of emerging therapies on the horizon. Topical therapy is typically effective for epidermal postinflammatory hyperpigmentation; however, certain procedures, such as chemical peeling and laser therapy, may help treat recalcitrant hyperpigmentation. It is also important to use caution with all of the above treatments to prevent irritation and worsening of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation is a common sequelae of inflammatory dermatoses that tends to affect darker skinned patients with greater frequency and severity. Epidemiological studies show that dyschromias, including postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, are among the most common reasons darker racial/ethnic groups seek the care of a dermatologist. The treatment of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation should be started early to help hasten its resolution and begins with management of the initial inflammatory condition. First-line therapy typically consists of topical depigmenting agents in addition to photoprotection including a sunscreen. Topical tyrosinase inhibitors, such as hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, and certain licorice extracts, can effectively lighten areas of hypermelanosis. Other depigmenting agents include retinoids, mequinol, ascorbic acid, niacinamide, N-acetyl glucosamine, and soy with a number of emerging therapies on the horizon. Topical therapy is typically effective for epidermal postinflammatory hyperpigmentation; however, certain procedures, such as chemical peeling and laser therapy, may help treat recalcitrant hyperpigmentation. It is also important to use caution with all of the above treatments to prevent irritation and worsening of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
