Syphilis - Sífilis
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Chancros – infección sifilítica primaria por Treponema pallidum
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesLa sífilis es una enfermedad de transmisión sexual causada por la bacteria *Treponema pallidum*. En este estudio, analizamos a 57 pacientes, de entre 18 y 68 años, con sífilis secundaria.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
La sífilis es una infección bacteriana causada por Treponema pallidum. Puede imitar a diversas enfermedades, lo que le ha valido el sobrenombre de “great imitator”. La sífilis sigue afectando a millones de personas en todo el mundo, pero puede tratarse eficazmente con penicilina (penicillin).
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Treponema pallidum causa sífilis por contacto sexual o de madre a bebé durante el embarazo. Aunque existen pruebas sencillas para diagnosticarla y el tratamiento con una sola inyección de penicilina de acción prolongada funciona bien, la sífilis está volviendo a ser un gran problema a nivel mundial. Esto es especialmente cierto entre los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres (HSH) en países de ingresos altos y medianos. Mientras que algunos países de bajos ingresos han alcanzado los objetivos de la OMS de detener la transmisión de sífilis de madre a bebé, se observa un aumento preocupante de la sífilis entre los HSH VIH positivos.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
(1) Hígado agrandado: se observa con frecuencia y puede acompañarse de bazo agrandado. El examen de una biopsia hepática con microscopía de campo oscuro puede revelar la presencia de la espiroqueta. Las pruebas de función hepática pueden mostrar anomalías. (2) Coloración amarillenta de la piel (ictericia): la aparición de ictericia depende del grado de daño hepático. (3) Secreción nasal: suele ser uno de los primeros signos, generalmente dentro de la primera semana de vida. (4) Ganglios linfáticos inflamados: la inflamación generalizada de los ganglios linfáticos, por lo general indolora, es también frecuente. (5) Erupción cutánea: la erupción aparece una o dos semanas después de la secreción nasal. Se pueden observar pequeñas manchas rojas o rosadas en la espalda, nalgas, muslos y plantas de los pies. Esta erupción puede progresar a descamación y formación de costras.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
○ Diagnóstico y tratamiento
VDRL y RPR se utilizan para confirmar una infección reciente y detectar la sífilis. La prueba FTA‑ABS es más específica y puede emplearse para verificar antecedentes de infecciones previas. La penicilina (penicillin) se usa para tratar la sífilis.