Vitiligo
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El vitíligo de los dedos es más difícil de tratar que otras zonas. Además de ser estéticamente antiestético, el vitíligo es normal y no contagioso. En dermatología, el tratamiento más eficaz es la fototerapia o el tratamiento con láser (excimer) 2-3 veces por semana durante al menos 1 año. Si no puede ir al hospital con frecuencia por motivos económicos o porque está ocupado, puede probar con una máquina de fototerapia aprobada para uso doméstico.
Vitíligo del párpado
Vitíligo en la mano
References
El vitiligo es un trastorno cutáneo común que causa manchas de piel blanca debido a la pérdida de melanocitos. Investigaciones recientes muestran que es una enfermedad autoinmune. Si bien a menudo se considera un problema cosmético, puede afectar profundamente el bienestar mental y la vida diaria. En 2011, los expertos clasificaron un tipo denominado segmental vitiligo por separado de los demás.
Vitiligo is a common skin disorder that causes patches of white skin due to the loss of melanocytes. Recent research shows it's an autoimmune disease. While it's often seen as a cosmetic issue, it can deeply affect mental well-being and daily life. In 2011, experts classified a type called segmental vitiligo separately from others.
Vitiligo is a common skin disorder that causes patches of white skin due to the loss of melanocytes. Recent research shows it's an autoimmune disease. While it's often seen as a cosmetic issue, it can deeply affect mental well-being and daily life. In 2011, experts classified a type called segmental vitiligo separately from others.
Los pacientes con vitíligo activo tienen varias opciones de tratamiento, como glucocorticoides sistémicos, fototerapia e inmunosupresores sistémicos. Los pacientes con vitíligo estable pueden encontrar alivio con los corticosteroides tópicos, los inhibidores de la calcineurina tópicos, la fototerapia y los procedimientos de trasplante. Los avances recientes en la comprensión de los procesos subyacentes del vitíligo han llevado al desarrollo de terapias dirigidas. Actualmente, los inhibidores de JAK son los más prometedores y ofrecen buena tolerabilidad y resultados funcionales, a pesar del riesgo de activar infecciones latentes y efectos secundarios sistémicos comunes con otros agentes inmunosupresores. La investigación en curso tiene como objetivo identificar citoquinas clave involucradas en el desarrollo del vitíligo (IFN-γ, CXCL10, CXCR3, HSP70i, IL-15, IL-17/23, TNF) . El bloqueo de estas citocinas se ha mostrado prometedor en modelos animales y en algunos pacientes. Además, se están llevando a cabo investigaciones sobre miRNA-based therapeutics y adoptive Treg cell therapy.
Current models of treatment for vitiligo are often nonspecific and general. Various therapy options are available for active vitiligo patients, including systemic glucocorticoids, phototherapy, and systemic immunosuppressants. While stable vitiligo patients may benefit from topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, as well as transplantation procedures. Recently, a better understanding of the pathophysiological processes of vitiligo led to the advent of novel targeted therapies. To date, JAK inhibitors are the only category that has been proved to have a good tolerability profile and functional outcomes in vitiligo treatment, even though the risk of activation of latent infection and systemic side effects still existed, like other immunosuppressive agents. Research is in progress to investigate the important cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, including IFN-γ, CXCL10, CXCR3, HSP70i, IL-15, IL-17/23, and TNF, the blockade of which has undergone preliminary attempts in animal models and some patients. In addition, studies on miRNA-based therapeutics as well as adoptive Treg cell therapy are still primary, and more studies are necessary.
Current models of treatment for vitiligo are often nonspecific and general. Various therapy options are available for active vitiligo patients, including systemic glucocorticoids, phototherapy, and systemic immunosuppressants. While stable vitiligo patients may benefit from topical corticosteroids, topical calcineurin inhibitors, phototherapy, as well as transplantation procedures. Recently, a better understanding of the pathophysiological processes of vitiligo led to the advent of novel targeted therapies. To date, JAK inhibitors are the only category that has been proved to have a good tolerability profile and functional outcomes in vitiligo treatment, even though the risk of activation of latent infection and systemic side effects still existed, like other immunosuppressive agents. Research is in progress to investigate the important cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of vitiligo, including IFN-γ, CXCL10, CXCR3, HSP70i, IL-15, IL-17/23, and TNF, the blockade of which has undergone preliminary attempts in animal models and some patients. In addition, studies on miRNA-based therapeutics as well as adoptive Treg cell therapy are still primary, and more studies are necessary.
No existe cura conocida para el vitíligo. Para las personas con piel clara, lo único que normalmente se recomienda es protector solar y maquillaje. Otras opciones de tratamiento pueden incluir cremas con esteroides o fototerapia.
○ Tratamiento
#Phototherapy
#Excimer laser
#Tacrolimus ointment