Dysplastic nevus - Düsplastiline Nevus
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Dysplastic nevi ― Biopsia on soovitatav läänlastele.
References
Dysplastic nevus , tuntud ka kui ebatüüpiline või Clarksi nevus, on tekitanud arutelusid dermatoloogias ja dermatopatoloogias. Arstid teevad sageli nende muttide biopsia, kuna need võivad välja näha ebanormaalsed ja tekitada muret melanoomi pärast.
A dysplastic nevus is also referred to as an atypical or Clarks nevus and has been the topic of much debate in the fields of dermatology and dermatopathology. It is an acquired mole demonstrating a unique clinical and histopathologic appearance that sets it apart from the common nevus. These moles appear atypical clinically, often with a fried-egg appearance, and are commonly biopsied by providers due to the concern for melanoma.
A dysplastic nevus is also referred to as an atypical or Clarks nevus and has been the topic of much debate in the fields of dermatology and dermatopathology. It is an acquired mole demonstrating a unique clinical and histopathologic appearance that sets it apart from the common nevus. These moles appear atypical clinically, often with a fried-egg appearance, and are commonly biopsied by providers due to the concern for melanoma.
Dysplastic nevi , tuntud ka kui ebatüüpiline või Clark nevi, võib mõnikord põhjustada melanoomi. Umbes 36% melanoomidest leitakse düsplastiliste nevi läheduses. Märgid, mis näitavad, et düsplastiline nevus võib muutuda melanoomiks, on ebaühtlane kuju, rohkem pigmendimuutusi või hallikas värvus. Need vähid tekivad tavaliselt nooremas eas (umbes kolmekümnendate aastate keskpaigas) , võivad esineda mitmel korral ja esinevad sageli kehatüvel. Geneetiliselt on dysplastic nevi healoomulise nevi ja melanoomi vahepealne. Kuid ainult 20–30% melanoomidest pärinevad olemasolevatest nevusidest. Kuna enamik nevidest ei muutu melanoomiks, ei ole tavaliselt soovitatav neid ennetavalt eemaldada.
Dysplastic nevus, also called atypical or Clark nevus, can be precursor to melanoma, as the observation that 36% of melanomas have dysplastic nevi near the invasive tumor supports. Signs that a dysplastic nevus may have transitioned into a melanoma include asymmetry in contour, a noticeable increase in pigment variations, or a grayish tint indicating regression. These malignancies typically arise at a younger age (mid-thirties), are sometimes multiple, and are often found on the trunk. Molecularly, dysplastic nevi have a profile intermediate between benign nevi and malignant melanoma. While there is a recognized connection between dysplastic nevi and melanoma, it’s crucial to note that only about 20% to 30% of melanomas evolve from preexisting nevi. Given that the majority of dysplastic and typical nevi do not develop into melanoma, preventive removal of melanocytic nevi is not typically advised.
Dysplastic nevus, also called atypical or Clark nevus, can be precursor to melanoma, as the observation that 36% of melanomas have dysplastic nevi near the invasive tumor supports. Signs that a dysplastic nevus may have transitioned into a melanoma include asymmetry in contour, a noticeable increase in pigment variations, or a grayish tint indicating regression. These malignancies typically arise at a younger age (mid-thirties), are sometimes multiple, and are often found on the trunk. Molecularly, dysplastic nevi have a profile intermediate between benign nevi and malignant melanoma. While there is a recognized connection between dysplastic nevi and melanoma, it’s crucial to note that only about 20% to 30% of melanomas evolve from preexisting nevi. Given that the majority of dysplastic and typical nevi do not develop into melanoma, preventive removal of melanocytic nevi is not typically advised.
Melanoom on teatud tüüpi kasvaja, mis tekib siis, kui melanotsüüdid, nahavärvi eest vastutavad rakud, muutuvad vähiks. Melanotsüüdid pärinevad närviharjast. See tähendab, et melanoomid võivad areneda mitte ainult nahal, vaid ka muudes piirkondades, kus närvirakud migreeruvad, nagu seedetrakt ja aju. Varajases staadiumis melanoomiga (0. Staadium) patsientide elulemus on kõrge, 97%, samas kui kaugelearenenud staadiumis (IV staadium) diagnoositud patsientide puhul langeb see märkimisväärselt, umbes 10%-ni.
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
○ vähirisk
Nagu Ameerika Ühendriikide kaukaasia indiviididel on näha, on düsplastilise neviga inimestel eluaegne risk melanoomi tekkeks üle 10%. Teisest küljest on neil, kellel puudub düsplastiline nevus, melanoomi tekkerisk alla 1%.
○ Ettevaatusabinõud düsplastilise neviga inimestele
Naha eneseanalüüsi soovitatakse tavaliselt melanoomi ennetamiseks (eemaldatavate ebatüüpiliste nevi tuvastamise teel) või olemasolevate kasvajate varajaseks avastamiseks. Inimesed, kellel on isiklikult või perekonnas esinenud nahavähki või mitut ebatüüpilist nevi, peaksid külastama dermatoloogi vähemalt kord aastas, et olla kindel, et neil ei arene melanoomi.
Lühend [ABCDE] on olnud kasulik, et aidata tervishoiuteenuse osutajatel ja võhikutel meeles pidada melanoomi põhiomadusi. Tavainimese kahjuks võivad paljudel seborroilistel keratoosidel, mõnel seniilsel lentiigosel ja isegi tüükadel olla [ABCDE] tunnused ja neid ei saa melanoomist eristada.
○ [ABCDE]
Asymmetrical: Asümmeetriline nahakahjustus.
Border: Kahjustuse piir on ebakorrapärane.
Color: melanoomidel on tavaliselt mitu ebakorrapärast värvi.
Diameter: üle 6 mm nevi on tõenäolisemalt melanoomid kui väiksemad.
Evolution: Nevuse või kahjustuse areng (st muutus) võib viidata sellele, et kahjustus on muutumas pahaloomuliseks.