Erythema multiforme - Eritema Multiformea
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Erythema multiforme minor ― Kontuan izan lesioen zentroak zuritu daitezkeela.
Urtikaria diagnostiko diferentzial gisa ere har daiteke.
References
Erythema multiforme (EM) erreakzio immunologikoen ondorioz larruazalean eta muki-mintzetan helburu-itxurako orban bereizgarriak agertzen diren baldintza da. Askotan infekzio birikoek, batez ere herpes simplex birusak (HSV) edo zenbait botikaren ondorioz, kausa ezezaguna izaten jarraitzen du kasu askotan. EM akutua tratatzea sintomak arintzea da esteroideak edo antihistaminikoak dituzten kremak erabiliz. EM errepikakorrak kudeatzea eraginkorrena da paziente bakoitzari egokitutakoan. Hasierako planteamenduek ahozko tratamenduak eta gaurkotasuna hartzen dituzte. Horien artean kortikoideak eta birusen aurkako sendagaiak daude. Tratamendu topikoek esteroide-krema sendoek eta kaltetutako muki-mintzetarako irtenbideek osatzen dute. Antibiralen aurrean erantzuten ez duten pazienteentzat, bigarren lerroko aukeren artean, immunitate-zapaltzeko sendagaiak, antibiotikoak, antihelmintikoak eta antimalariak daude.
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials
Kasu askotan, erythema multiforme arinak bere kabuz desagertzen dira 2 edo 4 asteren buruan. Stevens-Johnson sindromeak, muki-mintzetan eragiten duen egoera larria, 6 aste iraun dezake. Esteroideak ez dira normalean gomendatzen kasu arinetarako. Esteroideak eritema multiforme larrirako erabili behar diren ala ez ez dago argi, ausazko ikerketetan ez baitago tratamendu hau zein umek onuratuko luketen adierazten duten ondorio argirik.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.
TMP/SMX -k eragindako ahozko erythema multiforme (EM) kasu bat aurkezten dugu, azaleko lesiorik gabeko ahoko eta ezpainetako ultzera tipikoak erakutsiz. Horrek azpimarratzen du beste ahozko ultzerako nahasteetatik bereizteko beharra. Pazienteak tratamendu sintomatikoa eta prednisolona pilulak jaso zituen, TMP/SMX terapia gelditu ondoren hobekuntza ekarriz.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.
Erythema multiforme larruazala eta batzuetan mukosa hartzen duen erreakzioa da, sistema immunologikoak eraginda. Normalean, xede-itxurako lesio gisa agertzen da, isolatuta, errepikatu edo iraun dezaketenak. Lesio hauek normalean simetrikoki eragiten diete muturrei, batez ere haien kanpoko gainazaletan. Kausa nagusiak herpes simplex birusa eta Mycoplasma pneumoniae bezalako infekzioak dira, baita zenbait botika, immunizazio eta gaixotasun autoimmuneak ere. Erythema multiforme urtikariatik bereiztea lesioen iraupenean oinarritzen da; erythema multiforme lesioak konpontzen dira gutxienez zazpi egunez, eta urtikario-lesioak askotan desagertzen dira egun batean. Antzekoa bada ere, ezinbestekoa da erythema multiforme Stevens-Johnson sindrome larriagotik bereiztea, normalean babak dituzten makula eritematoso edo purpuriko hedatuak dituena. Erythema multiforme kudeatzeak esteroide topikoekin edo antihistaminikoekin erliebe sintomatikoa dakar eta azpiko kausa zuzentzea dakar. Herpes simplex birusarekin lotutako kasu errepikakorretan, birusen aurkako terapia profilaktikoa gomendatzen da. Mukosaren inplikazio larriak zain barneko fluidoak eta elektrolitoak ordezkatzeko ospitaleratzea beharrezkoa izan daiteke.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.
Baldintza erupzio arin eta autolimitatu batetik muki-mintzak ere barne hartzen dituen eritema multiforme nagusi gisa ezagutzen den forma larria eta bizia arriskuan jartzen du. Muki-mintzaren inbasioa edo bullaes presentzia larritasunaren seinale garrantzitsuak dira.
- Erythema multiforme minor: diana tipikoak edo altxatuak, papula edematsuak akralki banatuta
Forma arina normalean azkura arina (baina azkura oso larria izan daiteke), orban arrosa-gorriak, simetrikoki antolatuta eta muturretatik hasita agertzen dira. Erupzioa 7-10 eguneko epean konpontzea gaixotasunaren forma honetan ohikoa da.
- Erythema multiforme major: diana tipikoak edo altxatutako papula edematsuak akralki banatuta, muki-mintz baten edo gehiagoren inplikazioarekin. Epidermiko urruntzeak gorputzaren azalera osoaren % 10 baino gutxiago hartzen du.
○ Tratamendua ― OTC Drogak
Sukarra (gorputzaren tenperatura igotzea) badator, ospitalera ahalik eta azkarren joatea gomendatzen da.
Ustezko drogak eten egin behar dira. (adibidez, antibiotikoak, antiinflamatorio ez-steroidalak)
Ahozko antihistaminikoak, esate baterako, cetirizina eta loratadina azkurarako.
#Cetirizine [Zytec]
#LevoCetirizine [Xyzal]
#Loratadine [Claritin]