Syphilis - Sifilisa
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Chancres – infekzio sifilitiko primarioa, Treponema pallidum‑aren arabera.
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ReferencesSifilisa Treponema pallidum bakterioak eragindako sexu‑transmisiozko gaixotasun bat da. Ikerketa honetan, 18‑68 urte bitarteko, bigarren mailako sifilisa duten 57 pazientutan zentratu egin dugu.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Sifilis Treponema pallidum‑ek eragindako bakterio‑infekzioa da. Hainbat gaixotasun imitatu ditzake, “great imitator” izena irabazi du. Sifilisak milioika pertsona mundu osoan eragiten ditu oraindik, baina penizilinarekin modu eraginkorrean tratatu daiteke.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Treponema pallidum sexu-harremanen bidez edo amaren bidez haurdunaldian eragiten du sifilis. Nahiz eta diagnostikatzeko proba errazak egon eta penizilina txiro batekin tratamenduak ondo funtzionatzen duen, sifilis arazo handi bat bihurtzen ari da berriro mundu osoan. Hau bereziki egia da gizonekin sexu-harremanak dituzten gizonen artean (HSH) errenta altuak eta ertainak dituzten herrialdeetan. Diru-sarrera baxuko herrialde batzuek OMS-en helburuak betetzen dituzten arren, sifilisaren gorakada kezkagarria dago HSH positiboen artean.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
(1) Gibel handitua: hau sarritan aurkitzen da eta barearen handitutakoarekin batera gerta daiteke. Gibeleko biopsia eremu iluneko mikroskopioan aztertzeak espiroketaren presentzia agerian utzi dezake. Gibeleko funtzioaren probek anomaliak ager ditzakete. (2) Azala horia (ikterizia): norbaitek ikterizia erakusten duen ala ez, gibelari eragiten dion zenbaterainoko eragina du. (3) Sudurra: sarritan lehenengo seinaleetako bat, normalean jaio ondorengo lehen astean. (4) Nodo linfatiko puztuak: ganglio linfatikoen hantura orokortua ere ohikoa da, normalean minik gabea. (5) Larruazaleko erupzioa: erupzio bat, normalean, sudurra jarioaren ondoren astebete edo bitara agertzen da. Atzealdean, ipurmasailean, izterretan eta oin‑zolan orban gorri edo arros txikiak ikus daitezke. Erupzio honek zuritu eta lurrazalera eragiten du.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
○ Diagnostikoa eta Tratamendua
VDRL eta RPR erabil daitezke azken infekzioa baieztatzeko eta sifilisaren diagnostikoan. FTA‑ABS proba zehatzagoa da eta aurreko infekzioen historia egiaztatzeko erabil daiteke. Penicillin (Penizilina) sifilisaren tratamenduan erabiltzen da.