Informazio gehiago ― Euskalduna

Urticarial vasculitis iraupen luzeko edo errepikatzen diren erlauntzaren atalek markatutako egoera arraroa da. Bere larruazaleko sintomek erlauntza kronikoen antza izan dezaketen arren, bakarrak dira erlauntzak gutxienez 24 orduz irauten baitute eta lausotu ondoren orban ilunak sor ditzakete. Askotan kausa ezezaguna izan arren, batzuetan botika, infekzio, gaixotasun autoimmune, odol-nahasmendu edo minbizi batzuek eragin dezakete. Ikerketa batzuek COVID-19 eta H1N1 gripearekin ere lotu dute. Gorputzeko beste atal batzuetan ere eragina izan dezake: muskuluak, giltzurrunak, birikak, urdaila eta begiak. Ehun-azterketa mota jakin batek diagnostikoa baiezta dezakeen arren, ez da beti beharrezkoa. Tratamendua normalean antibiotikoekin, dapsonarekin, koltxizinarekin edo hidroxiklorokinarekin hasten da kasu arinetarako. Kasu larriagoetarako, metotrexatoa edo kortikoideak bezalako sistema immunologikoa kentzen duten sendagaiak beharko lirateke. Azkenaldian, terapia biologikoek (rituximab, omalizumab, interleukin-1 inhibitors) itxaropena erakutsi dute kasu gogorretarako.
Urticarial vasculitis is a rare clinicopathologic entity that is characterized by chronic or recurrent episodes of urticarial lesions. Skin findings of this disease can be difficult to distinguish visually from those of chronic idiopathic urticaria but are unique in that individual lesions persist for ≥24 hours and can leave behind dusky hyperpigmentation. This disease is most often idiopathic but has been linked to certain drugs, infections, autoimmune connective disease, myelodysplastic disorders, and malignancies. More recently, some authors have reported associations between urticarial vasculitis and COVID-19, as well as influenza A/H1N1 infection. Urticarial vasculitis can extend systemically as well, most often affecting the musculoskeletal, renal, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, and ocular systems. Features of leukocytoclastic vasculitis seen on histopathologic examination are diagnostic of this disease, but not always seen. In practice, antibiotics, dapsone, colchicine, and hydroxychloroquine are popular first-line therapies, especially for mild cutaneous disease. In more severe cases, immunosuppressives, including methotrexate, mycophenolate mofetil, azathioprine, and cyclosporine, as well as corticosteroids, may be necessary for control. More recently, select biologic therapies, including rituximab, omalizumab, and interleukin-1 inhibitors have shown promise for the treatment of recalcitrant or refractory cases.

35 urteko gizon bat sartu zen 15 eguneko historiarekin, izterretan eta hanketan erupzio gorri distiratsu eta mingarriekin, artikulazioetako minarekin batera. Gernu-infekzioa izan zuen astebetez erupzioa agertu baino lehen. Bere azalak hainbat plaka samur, eraztun-formakoak, partzialki zurigarriak, gorri zituen izterren eta hanken bi aldeetan. Ahozko prednisolona (40 mg/egunean) eman zioten astebetez, logurarik gabeko antihistaminiko batekin (fexofenadina) . Aste baten buruan, erupzio guztiak erabat desagertu ziren. Ez zen erupzio gehiago izan ohiko kontrolen hurrengo 6 hilabeteetan.
A 35-year-old man came in with a 15-day history of bright red, painful rashes on both thighs and legs, along with joint pain. He had a urinary tract infection for a week before the rash appeared. His skin showed several tender, ring-shaped, partially blanchable, red plaques on both sides of his thighs and legs. He was given oral prednisolone (40mg/day) for a week along with a non-drowsy antihistamine (fexofenadine). Within a week, all the rashes disappeared completely. There were no more rashes during the next 6 months of regular check-ups.