Burn - Sruthán
☆ I dtorthaí 2022 Stiftung Warentest ón nGearmáin, ní raibh sástacht na dtomhaltóirí le ModelDerm ach beagán níos ísle ná mar a bhí le comhairliúchán teileamhíochaine íoctha.
Dó céim den dara grád: Má bhíonn blisters i láthair, aicmítear an dó mar dhara céim.
References
Ní dhéanann sruthán superficial (an chéad chéim) ach difear don chiseal craiceann barr. Breathnaíonn na dónna seo bándearg nó dearg, ní cruthaíonn siad blisters, bíonn siad tirim, agus is féidir leo a bheith beagán pianmhar. Siad leigheas de ghnáth i 5 go 10 lá gan scars fhágáil. Cuireann sruthán dara céim, ar a dtugtar sruthán superficial de pháirt-thiús freisin, isteach ar an gciseal seachtrach de chuid níos doimhne an chraiceann. Tá blisters coitianta agus féadfaidh siad fanacht nuair a fheictear ar dtús. Tar éis an blister a oscailt, bíonn an craiceann thíos go haonfhoirmeach dearg nó bándearg agus casfaidh sé bán nuair a bhrúitear é. Tá na dónna seo pianmhar. Cneasaíonn siad go hiondúil i 2 go 3 seachtaine le scarring íosta. Is éard atá i gceist le sruthán domhain páirteach-tiús an chuid is doimhne de chiseal níos doimhne an chraiceann. Cosúil le dónna páirt-thiús dromchlach, is féidir blisters slána a bheith acu. Nuair a bhaintear na blisters, bíonn dath míchothrom ar an gcraiceann thíos agus casann sé bán go mall nuair a bhrúitear é. Is beag pian a bhraitheann othair leis na dónna seo, rud a d’fhéadfadh tarlú ach amháin le brú domhain. Is féidir leis na dónna seo leigheas gan máinliacht, ach tógann sé níos faide, agus táthar ag súil le scarring.
A superficial (first-degree) burn involves the epidermis only. These burns can be pink-to-red, without blistering, are dry, and can be moderately painful. Superficial burns heal without scarring within 5 to 10 days. A second-degree burn, also known as a superficial partial-thickness burn, affects the superficial layer of the dermis. Blisters are common and may still be intact when first evaluated. Once the blister is unroofed, the underlying wound bed is homogeneously red or pink and will blanch with pressure. These burns are painful. Healing typically occurs within 2 to 3 weeks with minimal scarring. A deep partial-thickness burn involves the deeper reticular dermis. Similar to superficial partial-thickness burns, these burns can also present with blisters intact. Once the blisters are debrided, the underlying wound bed is mottled and will sluggishly blanch with pressure. The patient with a partial-thickness burn experiences minimal pain, which may only be present with deep pressure. These burns can heal without surgery, but it takes longer, and scarring is unavoidable.
A superficial (first-degree) burn involves the epidermis only. These burns can be pink-to-red, without blistering, are dry, and can be moderately painful. Superficial burns heal without scarring within 5 to 10 days. A second-degree burn, also known as a superficial partial-thickness burn, affects the superficial layer of the dermis. Blisters are common and may still be intact when first evaluated. Once the blister is unroofed, the underlying wound bed is homogeneously red or pink and will blanch with pressure. These burns are painful. Healing typically occurs within 2 to 3 weeks with minimal scarring. A deep partial-thickness burn involves the deeper reticular dermis. Similar to superficial partial-thickness burns, these burns can also present with blisters intact. Once the blisters are debrided, the underlying wound bed is mottled and will sluggishly blanch with pressure. The patient with a partial-thickness burn experiences minimal pain, which may only be present with deep pressure. These burns can heal without surgery, but it takes longer, and scarring is unavoidable.
Is beag dónna formhór na ndó agus is féidir leo cóir leighis a chur orthu sa bhaile nó ag soláthraithe cúram sláinte áitiúla gan gá a ghlacadh isteach san ospidéal. Mar sin féin, díreoidh an chaibidil seo go sonrach ar chúram agus ar chóireáil láithreach dónna tromchúiseacha. (Le haghaidh tuilleadh faisnéise, déan tagairt do na rannáin ar Dó, Measúnú agus Bainistíocht, agus Dó, Teirmeach.)
Most burns are small and are treated at home or by local providers as outpatients. This chapter will focus on the initial resuscitation and management of severe burns. (Also see Burns, Evaluation and Management and Burns, Thermal).
Most burns are small and are treated at home or by local providers as outpatients. This chapter will focus on the initial resuscitation and management of severe burns. (Also see Burns, Evaluation and Management and Burns, Thermal).
Is minic a thugtar neamhaird ar ghortuithe dóite ach is féidir leo díobháil thromchúiseach agus fiú bás a chruthú. Spreagann dónna tromchúiseacha frithghníomhartha coimpléascacha coirp, lena n-áirítear freagairtí imdhíonachta, aistrithe meitibileach, agus turraing, ar féidir a bheith deacair a chóireáil agus a bhféadfadh teip na n-orgán iolrach a bheith mar thoradh orthu.
Burn injuries are under-appreciated injuries that are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Burn injuries, particularly severe burns, are accompanied by an immune and inflammatory response, metabolic changes and distributive shock that can be challenging to manage and can lead to multiple organ failure.
Burn injuries are under-appreciated injuries that are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Burn injuries, particularly severe burns, are accompanied by an immune and inflammatory response, metabolic changes and distributive shock that can be challenging to manage and can lead to multiple organ failure.
Dónna dromchlacha nó dónna céadchéime a thugtar ar dónna nach mbíonn tionchar acu ach ar na sraitheanna craiceann superficial. Dealraíonn siad dearg gan blisters agus de ghnáth maireann pian thart ar thrí lá.
Nuair a shíneann an díobháil isteach i gcuid den chiseal craiceann bhunúsach, is sruthán páirteach-tiús nó dara céim é. Is minic a bhíonn blisters i láthair agus is minic a bhíonn siad an-phianmhar. Féadfaidh suas le hocht seachtaine a bheith ag teastáil le haghaidh leighis agus d'fhéadfadh scarring tarlú.
I sruthán lán-tiús nó tríú céim, leathnaíonn an díobháil do gach sraith den chraiceann. Go minic níl aon phian ann agus tá an limistéar dóite righin.
Is éard atá i gceist le sruthán ceathrú céime freisin gortú fíocháin níos doimhne, mar mhatán, tendons, nó cnámh. Is minic a bhíonn an sruthán dubh agus is minic go gcailltear an chuid dóite mar thoradh air.
○ Cóireáil - Drugaí OTC
Tá sé an-tábhachtach gan na blisters a bhriseadh ar an limistéar dóite. Is maith a dhraenáil ach an serum sa blister. Ní mór a bheith cúramach chun cosc a chur ar an uige nó ar an bhfeisteas cloí leis an blister agus é a stróiceadh nó a bhaint de.
Clúdaigh an sruthán le bindealán glan chun an limistéar difear a chosaint. Má tá na blisters sleamhnaithe cheana féin, ba chóir antaibheathaigh tráthúla nó uachtar airgid 1% sulfadiazine (Silmazine) a úsáid. Tóg NSAIDs, acetaminophen, agus frithhistamíní OTC chun athlasadh agus pian a laghdú.
Antaibheathaigh tráthúla
#Bacitracin
#Silver sulfadiazine 1% cream
Faoiseamh pian
#Ibuprofen
#Naproxen
#Acetaminophen
OTC frithhistamine
#Cetirizine [Zytec]
#Diphenhydramine [Benadryl]
#LevoCetirizine [Xyzal]
#Fexofenadine [Allegra]
#Loratadine [Claritin]