Herpes simplex
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herpes simplex ar an liopa.
Herpes simplex ― Tá ionfhabhtú herpes simplex sna méara níos coitianta i leanaí óga ná i ndaoine fásta.
References
Téann ionfhabhtú HSV-1 chun cinn trí ionfhabhtú príomhúil na gcealla epithelial, agus ina dhiaidh sin latency, go príomha i néaróin, agus athghníomhú. Is minic a bhíonn HSV-1 ina chúis le brúchtaí soithíoch tosaigh agus athfhillteacha, go príomha ar mhúcóis an bhéil agus na mball giniúna. Réimsíonn a léirithe ó deir orolabial go coinníollacha éagsúla cosúil le folliculitis herpetic, ionfhabhtuithe craicinn, baint súlach, agus cásanna tromchúiseacha mar einceifilíteas deir. Cuidíonn teiripe antiviral le bainistiú a dhéanamh ar ionfhabhtú HSV.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. Its structure is composed of linear dsDNA, an icosahedral capsid that is 100 to 110 nm in diameter, with a spikey envelope. In general, the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection follows a cycle of primary infection of epithelial cells, latency primarily in neurons, and reactivation. HSV-1 is responsible for establishing primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions, primarily in the orolabial and genital mucosa. HSV-1 infection has a wide variety of presentations, including orolabial herpes, herpetic sycosis (HSV folliculitis), herpes gladiatorum, herpetic whitlow, ocular HSV infection, herpes encephalitis, Kaposi varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum), and severe or chronic HSV infection. Antiviral therapy limits the course of HSV infection.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. Its structure is composed of linear dsDNA, an icosahedral capsid that is 100 to 110 nm in diameter, with a spikey envelope. In general, the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection follows a cycle of primary infection of epithelial cells, latency primarily in neurons, and reactivation. HSV-1 is responsible for establishing primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions, primarily in the orolabial and genital mucosa. HSV-1 infection has a wide variety of presentations, including orolabial herpes, herpetic sycosis (HSV folliculitis), herpes gladiatorum, herpetic whitlow, ocular HSV infection, herpes encephalitis, Kaposi varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum), and severe or chronic HSV infection. Antiviral therapy limits the course of HSV infection.
Is ionfhabhtú forleathan é Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) , a dhéanann difear do thart ar 22% de dhaoine fásta 12 bliana d’aois agus os a chionn, arb ionann é agus 45 milliún duine fásta sna Stáit Aontaithe. Cé go n-eascraíonn HSV-1 cneácha béil de ghnáth, d’fhéadfadh loit ghiniúna a bheith mar thoradh air freisin. Mar sin féin, nuair a bhíonn loit ghiniúna ag othair, is gnách gurb é HSV-2 an imní is mó. Is minic a bhíonn comharthaí ráigeanna HSV-2 doiléir, cosúil le tochas agus greannú giniúna, rud a chuireann moill ar dhiagnóis agus ar chóireáil. D'fhéadfadh tarchur breise chuig daoine aonair gan ionfhabhtú a bheith mar thoradh ar an moill seo.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) continues to be a common infection, affecting approximately 22% of adults ages 12 and older, representing 45 million adults in the United States alone. While HSV-1 often affects the perioral region and can be known to cause genital lesions, HSV-2 is more commonly the consideration when patients present with genital lesions. Despite this, most outbreaks of the infection will present with nonspecific symptoms such as genital itching, irritation, and excoriations, which may cause diagnosis and treatment to be delayed. As a result, further exposure to uninfected individuals may occur.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) continues to be a common infection, affecting approximately 22% of adults ages 12 and older, representing 45 million adults in the United States alone. While HSV-1 often affects the perioral region and can be known to cause genital lesions, HSV-2 is more commonly the consideration when patients present with genital lesions. Despite this, most outbreaks of the infection will present with nonspecific symptoms such as genital itching, irritation, and excoriations, which may cause diagnosis and treatment to be delayed. As a result, further exposure to uninfected individuals may occur.
Is minic a bhíonn Herpes simplex virus (HSV) ina chúis le hionfhabhtuithe cosúil le deir giniúna agus slaghdáin i ndéagóirí agus i ndaoine fásta. Nuair a ionfhabhtaíonn HSV naíonán laistigh den chéad 4-6 seachtaine den saol, is féidir go n-eascraíonn tinneas tromchúiseach le hiarmhairtí tromchúiseacha. Tá sé ríthábhachtach ionfhabhtú HSV nua-naíoch a dhiagnóisiú go tapa chun stop a chur leis an ngalar ó dhul in olcas, chun saincheisteanna néareolaíocha a chosc (fiú bás) .
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a well-known cause of infections including genital herpes and herpes labialis in the adolescent and adult population. Transmission of HSV infection to an infant during the first 4-6 weeks of life can lead to devastating disease with the potential for poor outcomes. Early diagnosis is imperative when evaluating neonatal HSV infection in order to prevent further disease progression, neurological complications, and even death.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a well-known cause of infections including genital herpes and herpes labialis in the adolescent and adult population. Transmission of HSV infection to an infant during the first 4-6 weeks of life can lead to devastating disease with the potential for poor outcomes. Early diagnosis is imperative when evaluating neonatal HSV infection in order to prevent further disease progression, neurological complications, and even death.
Tá ionfhabhtú Herpes simplex an-choitianta agus is féidir é a chur ar aghaidh ó mhná torracha go dtí a leanaí. Is féidir leis an víreas seo a bheith ina chúis le saincheisteanna sláinte tromchúiseacha nó fiú bás i nuabheirthe. Cé go bhfuil sé annamh le linn toirchis féin, is minic a tharlaíonn sé le linn luí seoil. Is airde an riosca má fhaigheann an mháthair ionfhabhtaithe i gcéimeanna níos déanaí an toirchis. Mar sin féin, is féidir an riosca seo a laghdú trí úsáid a bhaint as drugaí frithvíreasacha nó roghnú C-alt i gcásanna áirithe.
Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases.
Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) ionfhabhtaíonn cineálacha 1 agus 2 go leor daoine ar fud an domhain. De ghnáth, fanann an víreas ciúin i gcealla nerve tar éis an craiceann a ionfhabhtú, ach féadann sé athghníomhachtú níos déanaí, rud a fhágann go bhfuil fuar ann. Uaireanta, eascraíonn fadhbanna tromchúiseacha mar ionfhabhtuithe súl, athlasadh inchinne, nó coinníollacha contúirteacha i leanaí nuabheirthe agus daoine a bhfuil córais imdhíonachta laga mar thoradh air. Cé go gcuidíonn leigheasanna reatha le hionfhabhtuithe a rialú, is ábhar imní fós é an baol a bhaineann le frithsheasmhacht in aghaidh drugaí agus fo-iarmhairtí. Teastaíonn drugaí nua uainn chun díriú níos fearr ar an víreas.
Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 is ubiquitous in the human population. Most commonly, virus replication is limited to the epithelia and establishes latency in enervating sensory neurons, reactivating periodically to produce localized recurrent lesions. However, these viruses can also cause severe disease such as recurrent keratitis leading potentially to blindness, as well as encephalitis, and systemic disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Although antiviral therapy has allowed continual and substantial improvement in the management of both primary and recurrent infections, resistance to currently available drugs and long-term toxicity pose a current and future threat that should be addressed through the development of new antiviral compounds directed against new targets.
Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 is ubiquitous in the human population. Most commonly, virus replication is limited to the epithelia and establishes latency in enervating sensory neurons, reactivating periodically to produce localized recurrent lesions. However, these viruses can also cause severe disease such as recurrent keratitis leading potentially to blindness, as well as encephalitis, and systemic disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Although antiviral therapy has allowed continual and substantial improvement in the management of both primary and recurrent infections, resistance to currently available drugs and long-term toxicity pose a current and future threat that should be addressed through the development of new antiviral compounds directed against new targets.
Tá dhá chineál víreas herpes simplex ann, cineál 1 (HSV-1) agus cineál 2 (HSV-2). Is minic a bhíonn HSV-1 ina chúis le hionfhabhtuithe timpeall an bhéil agus is minice a bhíonn HSV-2 ina chúis le hionfhabhtuithe giniúna. Tarchuirtear iad trí theagmháil dhíreach leis an duine atá ionfhabhtaithe. Tá deir giniúna rangaithe mar ionfhabhtú gnéas-tarchurtha. Is féidir é a scaipeadh ar naíonán le linn luí seoil. Tar éis an ionfhabhtaithe, iompraítear na víris feadh nerves céadfacha chuig na cealla nerve, áit a gcónaíonn siad ar feadh an tsaoil. I measc na gcúiseanna a d’fhéadfadh a bheith ann arís tá: feidhm imdhíonachta laghdaithe, strus, agus nochtadh do sholas na gréine.
I bhformhór na gcásanna, ní ghlactar drugaí antiviral ach amháin nuair a bhíonn na hairíonna trom. Féadfar cógas frithvíreasach laethúil a fhorordú do dhuine a mbíonn ionfhabhtú an-mhinic air. Níl aon vacsaín ar fáil agus ní chuireann an vacsaín shingles cosc ar deir simplex. Is féidir le cóireálacha le cógais fhrithvíreasach ar nós aciclovir nó valaciclovir déine na hairíonna a laghdú.
Tá rátaí HSV-1 nó HSV-2 ar fud an domhain idir 60% agus 95% i measc daoine fásta. Is gnách go mbíonn HSV-1 ionfhabhtaithe le linn óige. Meastar go raibh 536 milliún duine ar fud an domhain (16% den daonra) ionfhabhtaithe le HSV-2 ó 2003 agus rátaí níos airde i measc na mban agus iad siúd sa domhan i mbéal forbartha. Ní thuigeann formhór na ndaoine le HSV-2 go bhfuil siad ionfhabhtaithe.
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