Herpes zoster
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herpes zoster blisters ar an muineál agus ghualainn
References
Déanann shingles, de bharr athghníomhachtú an víris varicella zoster atá freagrach as deilgneach, difear do thart ar 1 milliún duine gach bliain sna Stáit Aontaithe, le riosca saoil de 30%. Iad siúd a bhfuil córais imdhíonachta lagaithe acu, tá siad i bhfad níos mó seans maith ar shingles a fhorbairt, agus is gnách go dtosaíonn na hairíonna le malaise, tinneas cinn, agus fiabhras éadrom, agus braiteanna neamhghnácha craiceann ina dhiaidh sin cúpla lá roimh chuma gríos. Téann an gríos seo, a bhíonn le feiceáil go hiondúil i limistéar ar leith den chorp, ar aghaidh ó blisters soiléire go crústaigh thar thréimhse seachtaine go dtí deich lá. Tá sé ríthábhachtach cóireáil phras le cógais fhrithvíreasacha (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) laistigh de 72 uair an chloig ó thús an ghríosa. Bíonn tionchar ag neuralgia postherpetic, complication coitianta arb iad is sainairíonna pian fada sa limistéar difear, thart ar othar amháin as gach cúigear agus éilíonn bainistíocht leanúnach le cógais mar gabapentin, pregabalin, nó frithdhúlagráin áirithe, chomh maith le gníomhairí tráthúla cosúil le lidocaine nó capsaicin. Moltar vacsaíniú i gcoinne an víris varicella zoster do dhaoine fásta 50 bliain d'aois agus os a chionn chun an baol a bhaineann le shingles a laghdú.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Herpes zoster tarlaíonn sé níos minice i ndaoine atá 50 bliain d’aois agus níos sine, iad siúd a bhfuil córais imdhíonachta lagaithe acu, agus iad siúd a ghlacann cógais imdhíonachta. Spreagtar é de bharr athghníomhachtú an víris varicella-zoster, an víreas céanna is cúis le deilgneach. Is gnách go dtagann comharthaí cosúil le fiabhras, pian agus tochas roimh chuma na gríosa sainiúla. Is é an casta is coitianta ná neuralgia iar-herpetic, arb é pian nerve leanúnach é tar éis don ghríos a bheith glan. Athraíonn na fachtóirí riosca agus na deacrachtaí a bhaineann le herpes zoster ag brath ar aois, sláinte imdhíonachta, agus uainiú thionscnamh cóireála. Tá sé léirithe go laghdaíonn vacsaíniú do dhaoine aonair 60 bliain d'aois agus os a chionn go suntasach minicíocht herpes zoster agus neuralgia iar-herpetic. Má chuirtear tús le cógais fhrithvíreasacha agus le faoiseamh pian laistigh de 72 uair an chloig ó thosaigh an ghríos, is féidir leis an déine agus na deacrachtaí a bhaineann le herpes zoster agus néaralgia iar-herpetic a laghdú.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Léiríonn na trialacha cliniciúla roimh fhormheas go n-oibríonn an vacsaín zoster beo thart ar 50 go 70%, agus go bhfeidhmíonn an vacsaín athchuingreach níos fearr, idir 90 agus 97%. I staidéir sa saol fíor, tacaíonn siad le torthaí na dtrialacha, rud a léiríonn go bhfuil an vacsaín beo thart ar 46% éifeachtach, agus go bhfuil an ceann athchuingreach thart ar 85%.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
Eascraíonn deilgneach, ar a dtugtar varicella freisin, ón ionfhabhtú tosaigh leis an víreas, a tharlaíonn go hiondúil le linn óige nó ógántachta. Nuair a bheidh an deilgneach leigheasta, féadann an víreas fanacht neamhghníomhach (díomhaoine) i néarchealla daonna ar feadh blianta nó fiche nó tríocha bliain, agus féadfaidh sé athghníomhachtú ina dhiaidh sin. Tarlaíonn herpes zoster nuair a athghníomhaítear an víreas varicella díomhaoin. Ansin téann an víreas feadh na néarchomhlachtaí go dtí foircinn nerve sa chraiceann, rud a tháirgeann blisters. Le linn ráig herpes zoster , féadfaidh nochtadh don víreas varicella a fhaightear i blisters herpes zoster a bheith ina chúis le deilgneach i duine nach raibh deilgneach air go fóill.
I measc na bhfachtóirí riosca d’athghníomhachtú an víreas díomhaoin tá seanaois, drochfheidhm imdhíonachta, agus tar éis deilgneach a bheith faighte roimh 18 mí d’aois. Níl víreas Varicella zoster mar an gcéanna leis an víreas herpes simplex, cé go mbaineann an dá cheann leis an teaghlach céanna de herpesviruses.
Laghdaíonn vacsaíní herpes zoster an baol herpes zoster 50% go 90%. Laghdaíonn sé freisin rátaí neuralgia postherpetic, agus, má tharlaíonn herpes zoster , a dhéine. Má fhorbraíonn herpes zoster , is féidir le míochainí antiviral cosúil le aicclovir déine agus fad an ghalair a laghdú má thosaíonn siad laistigh de 72 uair an chloig ó chuma an ghríosa.
○ Cóireáil
Má tá na loit ag scaipeadh go tapa, téigh chuig do dhochtúir chomh luath agus is féidir le haghaidh cóireála frithvíreasach.
Tá gá le cógais antiviral agus cógais néareolaíochta araon. Ba chóir duit a scíth a ligean agus stop a ól alcóil.
#Acyclovir
#Fancyclovir
#Valacyclovir
#Gabapentin
#Pregabalin