Erythema nodosum - Eritema Nodoso
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Aparece como un nódulo eritematoso doloroso na perna.
References
Erythema nodosum é o tipo máis común de paniculite, caracterizada por nódulos vermellos dolorosos, que se atopan principalmente na parte inferior das pernas. A súa causa exacta segue sendo descoñecida, pero parece ser o resultado dunha resposta esaxerada a varios desencadenantes. Aínda que a súa orixe adoita ser incerta, é esencial descartar outras condicións subxacentes antes de diagnosticar primary erythema nodosum. Pode indicar a aparición de enfermidades sistémicas como infeccións, inflamación, cancro ou reaccións aos medicamentos. Os desencadenantes comúns inclúen strep infections, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, certain medications, pregnancy.
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Panniculitis refírese a un conxunto diverso de condicións inflamatorias que afectan o tecido graxo baixo a pel. Estas condicións son pouco comúns nos nenos. Panniculitis pode ser o problema principal nunha afección sistémica ou unha reacción secundaria a factores como infeccións, lesións ou certos medicamentos. Independentemente da causa, a maioría dos tipos de panniculitis mostran síntomas similares, incluíndo nódulos vermellos e dolorosos baixo a pel.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitis , unha inflamación da capa de graxa debaixo da pel, é unha condición rara que adoita aparecer como nódulos ou parches inchados. Erythema nodosum (EN) é o tipo máis común, moitas veces desencadeado por varios factores. Aínda que preto do 55% dos casos non teñen unha causa clara, os desencadenantes comúns inclúen infeccións, medicamentos, certas enfermidades como a sarcoidose e a enfermidade inflamatoria intestinal, o embarazo e o cancro. A EN adoita aparecer en adolescentes e adultos novos, con máis frecuencia en mulleres. Adoita ir precedida por unha sensación xeral de enfermidade que dura unha ou tres semanas, con síntomas como febre e problemas respiratorios superiores. Despois, aparecen nódulos vermellos, xeralmente nos lados exteriores dos brazos e das pernas, que causan dor. A causa exacta de EN non se entende por completo, pero crese que implica complexos inmunes nos pequenos vasos sanguíneos da capa de graxa, que provocan inflamación. Normalmente, unha biopsia mostra inflamación na capa de graxa sen danos aos vasos sanguíneos. Mesmo sen un tratamento específico para a causa subxacente, a EN a miúdo resolve por si só. Polo tanto, a maioría dos pacientes só necesitan coidados de apoio para os seus síntomas.
Panniculitis, an inflammation of the fat layer under the skin, is a rare condition usually showing up as swollen nodules or patches. Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common type, often triggered by various factors. While around 55% of cases have no clear cause, common triggers include infections, medications, certain diseases like sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and cancer. EN usually appears in teens and young adults, more often in females. It's often preceded by a general feeling of illness lasting one to three weeks, with symptoms like fever and upper respiratory issues. Then, red nodules appear, usually on the outer sides of arms and legs, causing pain. EN's exact cause isn't fully understood, but it's believed to involve immune complexes in small blood vessels of the fat layer, leading to inflammation. Typically, a biopsy shows inflammation in the fat layer without damage to blood vessels. Even without specific treatment for the underlying cause, EN often resolves on its own. So, most patients need only supportive care for their symptoms.
Panniculitis, an inflammation of the fat layer under the skin, is a rare condition usually showing up as swollen nodules or patches. Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common type, often triggered by various factors. While around 55% of cases have no clear cause, common triggers include infections, medications, certain diseases like sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and cancer. EN usually appears in teens and young adults, more often in females. It's often preceded by a general feeling of illness lasting one to three weeks, with symptoms like fever and upper respiratory issues. Then, red nodules appear, usually on the outer sides of arms and legs, causing pain. EN's exact cause isn't fully understood, but it's believed to involve immune complexes in small blood vessels of the fat layer, leading to inflammation. Typically, a biopsy shows inflammation in the fat layer without damage to blood vessels. Even without specific treatment for the underlying cause, EN often resolves on its own. So, most patients need only supportive care for their symptoms.
O eritema nodoso é diagnosticado clínicamente. Pódese tomar unha biopsia e examinarse microscópicamente para confirmar un diagnóstico incerto. Debe realizarse unha radiografía de tórax para descartar enfermidades pulmonares, en particular sarcoidose e tuberculose.