Syphilis - Sífilis
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Chancres ― infección sifilítica primaria por Treponema pallidum
References
A sífilis é unha enfermidade de transmisión sexual causada pola bacteria Treponema pallidum. Neste estudo centrámonos en 57 pacientes de 18 a 68 anos con sífilis secundaria.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
A sífilis é unha infección bacteriana causada polo Treponema pallidum. Pode imitar varias enfermidades, gañándolle o alcume great imitator. A sífilis aínda afecta a millóns de persoas en todo o mundo, pero pódese tratar eficazmente con penicilina.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Treponema pallidum causa sífilis por contacto sexual ou de nai a bebé durante o embarazo. Aínda que hai probas sinxelas para diagnosticalo e o tratamento cunha inyección de penicilina de longa duración funciona ben, a sífilis volve ser un gran problema en todo o mundo. Isto é especialmente certo entre os homes que teñen sexo con homes (HSH) en países con ingresos altos e medios. Aínda que algúns países de baixos ingresos cumpriron os obxectivos da OMS para evitar que a sífilis se transmita de nai a bebé, hai un aumento preocupante da sífilis entre os HSH seropositivos.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
(1) Fígado agrandado: isto atópase a miúdo e pode ocorrer xunto cun bazo agrandado. O exame dunha biopsia hepática baixo o microscopio de campo escuro pode revelar a presenza da espiroqueta. As probas de función hepática poden mostrar anomalías. (2) Amarelelamento da pel (ictericia) : se alguén mostra ictericia depende de canto se vexa afectado o fígado. (3) Escorrentía nasal: moitas veces un dos primeiros signos, normalmente dentro da primeira semana despois do nacemento. (4) Ganglios linfáticos inchados: o inchazo xeneralizado dos ganglios linfáticos, xeralmente indolor, tamén é común. (5) Erupción cutánea: unha erupción adoita aparecer unha ou dúas semanas despois da secreción nasal. Podes ver pequenas manchas vermellas ou rosas nas costas, nádegas, coxas e plantas dos pés. Esta erupción pode progresar a descamación e costra.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
○ Diagnóstico e Tratamento
Pódense usar VDRL e RPR para confirmar a infección recente e detectar a sífilis. A proba FTA-ABS é unha proba máis específica e pódese usar para comprobar o historial de infeccións anteriores. A penicilina úsase para tratar a sífilis.