Acne - Akne
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U rezultatima Stiftung Warentest iz Njemačke za 2022., zadovoljstvo potrošača s ModelDermom bilo je samo malo niže nego s plaćenim konzultacijama o telemedicini.
U rezultatima Stiftung Warentest iz Njemačke za 2022., zadovoljstvo potrošača s ModelDermom bilo je samo malo niže nego s plaćenim konzultacijama o telemedicini.
Akne u području torza. Gornji dio trupa i leđa najčešća su mjesta pojave akni.
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesAkne, najčešće stanje kože u Sjedinjenim Državama, predstavljaju dugotrajni upalni problem kože. Liječenje ima za cilj rješavanje četiri glavna čimbenika koji doprinose nastanku akni: pretjerano stvaranje sebuma, nakupljanje stanica kože, koloniziranje Propionibacterium acnes i posljedičnu upalu. Topikalni retinoidi učinkovito upravljaju i upalnim i neupalnim lezijama, sprječavajući i smanjujući komedone, dok istovremeno ublažavaju upalu. Benzoyl peroxide (benzoil peroksid), dostupan u slobodnoj prodaji, baktericidno je sredstvo koje ne potiče otpornost bakterija. Iako lokalni i oralni antibiotici djeluju samostalno, njihova kombinacija s lokalnim retinoidima povećava njihovu učinkovitost. Dodavanje benzoyl peroxide (benzoil peroksid) antibiotičkoj terapiji smanjuje rizik od otpornosti bakterija. Oralni isotretinoin (izotretinoin), odobren za teške i tvrdokorne akne, primjenjuje se kroz program iPLEDGE.
Acne, the most common skin condition in the United States, is a persistent inflammatory skin problem. Treatment aims at addressing four main factors contributing to acne: excessive sebum production, skin cell buildup, Propionibacterium acnes colonization, and resulting inflammation. Topical retinoids effectively manage both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions by preventing and reducing comedones while addressing inflammation. Benzoyl peroxide, available over-the-counter, is a bactericidal agent without promoting bacterial resistance. While topical and oral antibiotics work alone, combining them with topical retinoids enhances their effectiveness. Adding benzoyl peroxide to antibiotic therapy lowers the risk of bacterial resistance. Oral isotretinoin, approved for severe and stubborn acne, is administered through the iPLEDGE program.
Acne, the most common skin condition in the United States, is a persistent inflammatory skin problem. Treatment aims at addressing four main factors contributing to acne: excessive sebum production, skin cell buildup, Propionibacterium acnes colonization, and resulting inflammation. Topical retinoids effectively manage both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions by preventing and reducing comedones while addressing inflammation. Benzoyl peroxide, available over-the-counter, is a bactericidal agent without promoting bacterial resistance. While topical and oral antibiotics work alone, combining them with topical retinoids enhances their effectiveness. Adding benzoyl peroxide to antibiotic therapy lowers the risk of bacterial resistance. Oral isotretinoin, approved for severe and stubborn acne, is administered through the iPLEDGE program.
Uobičajeni lokalni tretmani za akne uključuju benzoyl peroxide (BP), salicylic acid, antibiotike, kombinacije antibiotika s BP, retinoide, kombinacije retinoida s BP ili antibioticima, azelaic acid i sulfone agents. Oralni antibiotici dugo su bili ključni dio liječenja akni, posebno u umjerenim do teškim slučajevima. Najbolje djeluju kada se koriste uz lokalni retinoid i BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin i cephalexin svi su pokazali dokaze o učinkovitosti.
Common topical treatments for acne include benzoyl peroxide (BP), salicylic acid, antibiotics, combinations of antibiotics with BP, retinoids, combinations of retinoids with BP or antibiotics, azelaic acid, sulfone agents. Oral antibiotics have long been a key part of acne treatment, especially for moderate to severe cases. They work best when used alongside a topical retinoid and BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, cephalexin have all shown evidence of effectiveness.
Common topical treatments for acne include benzoyl peroxide (BP), salicylic acid, antibiotics, combinations of antibiotics with BP, retinoids, combinations of retinoids with BP or antibiotics, azelaic acid, sulfone agents. Oral antibiotics have long been a key part of acne treatment, especially for moderate to severe cases. They work best when used alongside a topical retinoid and BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, cephalexin have all shown evidence of effectiveness.
Lokalni retinoidi uvijek se preporučuju za liječenje akni. Kada koristite sistemske ili topikalne antibiotike, važno ih je kombinirati s benzoil‑peroksidom i retinoidima, ali samo do 12 tjedana. Isotretinoin je rezerviran za teške slučajeve akni koje nisu reagirale na druge tretmane. Iako postoje neki dokazi za fizikalne tretmane, poput laserske terapije i kemijskih pilinga, kao i komplementarni pristupi, poput pročišćenog pčelinjeg otrova i određenih dijeta, njihova učinkovitost još nije dokazana.
Topical retinoids are always recommended for treating acne. When using systemic or topical antibiotics, it's important to combine them with benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, but only for up to 12 weeks. Isotretinoin is reserved for severe cases of acne that haven't responded to other treatments. While there's some evidence for physical treatments like laser therapy and chemical peels, as well as complementary approaches such as purified bee venom and certain diets, their effectiveness is still uncertain.
Topical retinoids are always recommended for treating acne. When using systemic or topical antibiotics, it's important to combine them with benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, but only for up to 12 weeks. Isotretinoin is reserved for severe cases of acne that haven't responded to other treatments. While there's some evidence for physical treatments like laser therapy and chemical peels, as well as complementary approaches such as purified bee venom and certain diets, their effectiveness is still uncertain.
Nekoliko studija istraživalo je kako različita hrana utječe na akne kod pacijenata. Otkriveno je da osobe s aknama koje konzumiraju hranu s niskim glikemijskim opterećenjem imaju manje aknogenih mrlja u usporedbi s onima koje jedu hranu s visokim glikemijskim opterećenjem. Mliječni proizvodi također su predmet istraživanja u kontekstu akni; čini se da određeni proteini u mlijeku mogu više pridonijeti nastanku akni nego masnoća ili ukupni sadržaj mlijeka. Daljnja istraživanja usmjerena su na omega‑3 masne kiseline i γ‑linolnu kiselinu, što sugerira da bi osobe s aknama mogle imati korist od veće konzumacije ribe i zdravih ulja kako bi povećale unos ovih masnih kiselina. Nedavne studije o probioticima za akne pokazuju obećavajuće rezultate, ali potrebna su dodatna istraživanja kako bi se potvrdili ovi preliminarni nalazi.
Several studies have evaluated the significance of the glycemic index of various foods and glycemic load in patients with acne, demonstrating individuals with acne who consume diets with a low glycemic load have reduced acne lesions compared with individuals on high glycemic load diets. Dairy has also been a focus of study regarding dietary influences on acne; whey proteins responsible for the insulinotropic effects of milk may contribute more to acne development than the actual fat or dairy content. Other studies have examined the effects of omega-3 fatty acid and γ-linoleic acid consumption in individuals with acne, showing individuals with acne benefit from diets consisting of fish and healthy oils, thereby increasing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake. Recent research into the effects of probiotic administration in individuals with acne present promising results; further study of the effects of probiotics on acne is needed to support the findings of these early studies.
Several studies have evaluated the significance of the glycemic index of various foods and glycemic load in patients with acne, demonstrating individuals with acne who consume diets with a low glycemic load have reduced acne lesions compared with individuals on high glycemic load diets. Dairy has also been a focus of study regarding dietary influences on acne; whey proteins responsible for the insulinotropic effects of milk may contribute more to acne development than the actual fat or dairy content. Other studies have examined the effects of omega-3 fatty acid and γ-linoleic acid consumption in individuals with acne, showing individuals with acne benefit from diets consisting of fish and healthy oils, thereby increasing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake. Recent research into the effects of probiotic administration in individuals with acne present promising results; further study of the effects of probiotics on acne is needed to support the findings of these early studies.
U oba spola čini se da su hormoni, zvani androgeni, dio temeljnog mehanizma koji uzrokuje povećanu proizvodnju sebuma. Drugi uobičajeni čimbenik je prekomjerni rast bakterije Cutibacterium acnes, koja je prisutna na koži.
Tretmani koji se primjenjuju izravno na zahvaćenu kožu, poput azelaične kiseline, benzoil‑peroksida i salicilne kiseline, najčešće se koriste. Antibiotici i retinoidi dostupni su u topičkim formulacijama i oralnim oblicima za liječenje akni. Međutim, rezistencija na antibiotike može se razviti kao rezultat dugotrajne antibiotske terapije. Nekoliko vrsta kontracepcijskih pilula može pomoći u sprječavanju akni kod žena. Rano i agresivno liječenje akni izotretinoinom može smanjiti dugoročne komplikacije.
○ Liječenje
Adapalen gel široko se koristi jer suzbija lučenje sebuma i sprječava ponovnu pojavu akni. Adapalen gel može iritirati kožu ako se nanese previše. S druge strane, benzoil‑peroksid i azelaična kiselina mogu se primijeniti na upalnim lezijama jer smanjuju upalu. Općenito, za postizanje učinka potrebno je dugotrajno liječenje od najmanje jednog mjeseca.
#Benzoyl peroxide [OXY-10]
#Adapalene gel [Differin]
#Tretinoin cream
#Minocycline
#Isotretinoin
#Topical clindamycin
#Comedone extraction