Acne - Akne
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U rezultatima Stiftung Warentest iz Njemačke za 2022., zadovoljstvo potrošača s ModelDermom bilo je samo malo niže nego s plaćenim konzultacijama o telemedicini.
U rezultatima Stiftung Warentest iz Njemačke za 2022., zadovoljstvo potrošača s ModelDermom bilo je samo malo niže nego s plaćenim konzultacijama o telemedicini.
Akne u području torza. Gornji dio trupa i leđa česta su mjesta pojave akni.
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ReferencesAkne, najčešće stanje kože u Sjedinjenim Državama, dugotrajni su upalni problem kože. Liječenje ima za cilj rješavanje četiri glavna čimbenika koji doprinose nastanku akni: pretjerano stvaranje sebuma, nakupljanje stanica kože, koloniziranje Propionibacterium acnes i posljedičnu upalu. Topikalni retinoidi učinkovito djeluju na upalne i neupalne lezije, sprječavajući i smanjujući komedone te se bore protiv upale. Benzoil‑peroksid, dostupan u slobodnoj prodaji, baktericidno je sredstvo koje ne potiče otpornost bakterija. Iako lokalni i oralni antibiotici djeluju sami, njihova kombinacija s lokalnim retinoidima povećava učinkovitost. Dodavanje benzoil‑peroksida antibiotskoj terapiji smanjuje rizik od razvoja otpornosti bakterija. Oralni izotretinoin, odobren za teške i tvrdokorne akne, primjenjuje se kroz program iPLEDGE.
Acne, the most common skin condition in the United States, is a persistent inflammatory skin problem. Treatment aims at addressing four main factors contributing to acne: excessive sebum production, skin cell buildup, Propionibacterium acnes colonization, and resulting inflammation. Topical retinoids effectively manage both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions by preventing and reducing comedones while addressing inflammation. Benzoyl peroxide, available over-the-counter, is a bactericidal agent without promoting bacterial resistance. While topical and oral antibiotics work alone, combining them with topical retinoids enhances their effectiveness. Adding benzoyl peroxide to antibiotic therapy lowers the risk of bacterial resistance. Oral isotretinoin, approved for severe and stubborn acne, is administered through the iPLEDGE program.
Acne, the most common skin condition in the United States, is a persistent inflammatory skin problem. Treatment aims at addressing four main factors contributing to acne: excessive sebum production, skin cell buildup, Propionibacterium acnes colonization, and resulting inflammation. Topical retinoids effectively manage both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions by preventing and reducing comedones while addressing inflammation. Benzoyl peroxide, available over-the-counter, is a bactericidal agent without promoting bacterial resistance. While topical and oral antibiotics work alone, combining them with topical retinoids enhances their effectiveness. Adding benzoyl peroxide to antibiotic therapy lowers the risk of bacterial resistance. Oral isotretinoin, approved for severe and stubborn acne, is administered through the iPLEDGE program.
Uobičajeni lokalni tretmani za akne uključuju benzoyl peroxide (BP), salicylic acid, antibiotike, kombinacije antibiotika s BP, retinoide, kombinacije retinoida s BP ili antibioticima, azelaic acid i sulfone agente. Oralni antibiotici dugo su bili ključni dio liječenja akni, posebno u umjerenim do teškim slučajevima. Najbolje djeluju kada se koriste uz lokalni retinoid i BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin i cephalexin svi su pokazali dokaze o učinkovitosti.
Common topical treatments for acne include benzoyl peroxide (BP), salicylic acid, antibiotics, combinations of antibiotics with BP, retinoids, combinations of retinoids with BP or antibiotics, azelaic acid, sulfone agents. Oral antibiotics have long been a key part of acne treatment, especially for moderate to severe cases. They work best when used alongside a topical retinoid and BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, cephalexin have all shown evidence of effectiveness.
Common topical treatments for acne include benzoyl peroxide (BP), salicylic acid, antibiotics, combinations of antibiotics with BP, retinoids, combinations of retinoids with BP or antibiotics, azelaic acid, sulfone agents. Oral antibiotics have long been a key part of acne treatment, especially for moderate to severe cases. They work best when used alongside a topical retinoid and BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, cephalexin have all shown evidence of effectiveness.
Lokalni retinoidi uvijek se preporučuju za liječenje akni. Kada koristite sistemske ili topikalne antibiotike, važno ih je kombinirati s benzoil‑peroksidom i retinoidima, ali najviše 12 tjedana. Isotretinoin je rezerviran za teške slučajeve akni koje nisu reagirale na druge tretmane. Iako postoje neki dokazi za fizikalne tretmane, poput laserske terapije i kemijskih pilinga, te za komplementarne pristupe, poput pročišćenog pčelinjeg otrova i određenih dijeta, njihova učinkovitost još nije dokazana.
Topical retinoids are always recommended for treating acne. When using systemic or topical antibiotics, it's important to combine them with benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, but only for up to 12 weeks. Isotretinoin is reserved for severe cases of acne that haven't responded to other treatments. While there's some evidence for physical treatments like laser therapy and chemical peels, as well as complementary approaches such as purified bee venom and certain diets, their effectiveness is still uncertain.
Topical retinoids are always recommended for treating acne. When using systemic or topical antibiotics, it's important to combine them with benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, but only for up to 12 weeks. Isotretinoin is reserved for severe cases of acne that haven't responded to other treatments. While there's some evidence for physical treatments like laser therapy and chemical peels, as well as complementary approaches such as purified bee venom and certain diets, their effectiveness is still uncertain.
Nekoliko studija proučavalo je kako različita hrana utječe na akne kod pacijenata. Otkrili su da osobe s aknama koje jedu hranu s niskim glikemijskim opterećenjem imaju manje mrlja akni u usporedbi s onima koji jedu hranu s visokim glikemijskim opterećenjem. Mliječni proizvodi također su proučavani u vezi s aknama. Čini se da određeni proteini u mlijeku mogu više pridonijeti aknama nego masnoća ili ukupni sadržaj mlijeka. Ostala su istraživanja usmjerena na omega‑3 masne kiseline i γ‑linolnu kiselinu. Sugeriše se da bi ljudi s aknama mogli imati korist od konzumiranja više ribe i zdravih ulja kako bi povećali unos ovih masnih kiselina. Nedavne studije o probioticima za akne pokazuju obećavajuće rezultate, ali potrebna su dodatna istraživanja kako bi se potvrdili ovi rani nalazi.
Several studies have evaluated the significance of the glycemic index of various foods and glycemic load in patients with acne, demonstrating individuals with acne who consume diets with a low glycemic load have reduced acne lesions compared with individuals on high glycemic load diets. Dairy has also been a focus of study regarding dietary influences on acne; whey proteins responsible for the insulinotropic effects of milk may contribute more to acne development than the actual fat or dairy content. Other studies have examined the effects of omega-3 fatty acid and γ-linoleic acid consumption in individuals with acne, showing individuals with acne benefit from diets consisting of fish and healthy oils, thereby increasing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake. Recent research into the effects of probiotic administration in individuals with acne present promising results; further study of the effects of probiotics on acne is needed to support the findings of these early studies.
Several studies have evaluated the significance of the glycemic index of various foods and glycemic load in patients with acne, demonstrating individuals with acne who consume diets with a low glycemic load have reduced acne lesions compared with individuals on high glycemic load diets. Dairy has also been a focus of study regarding dietary influences on acne; whey proteins responsible for the insulinotropic effects of milk may contribute more to acne development than the actual fat or dairy content. Other studies have examined the effects of omega-3 fatty acid and γ-linoleic acid consumption in individuals with acne, showing individuals with acne benefit from diets consisting of fish and healthy oils, thereby increasing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake. Recent research into the effects of probiotic administration in individuals with acne present promising results; further study of the effects of probiotics on acne is needed to support the findings of these early studies.
U oba spola čini se da su hormoni, zvani androgeni, dio temeljnog mehanizma koji uzrokuje povećanu proizvodnju sebuma. Drugi čest čimbenik je prekomjerni rast bakterije Cutibacterium acnes, koja je prisutna na koži.
Tretmani koji se primjenjuju izravno na zahvaćenu kožu, poput azelainske kiseline, benzoil‑peroksida i salicilne kiseline, najčešće se koriste. Antibiotici i retinoidi dostupni su u topičkim formulacijama i u obliku oralnih pripravaka za liječenje akni. Međutim, rezistencija na antibiotike može se razviti kao posljedica dugotrajne antibiotske terapije. Nekoliko oblika kontracepcijskih pilula može pomoći u sprječavanju akni kod žena. Rano i agresivno liječenje akni izotretinoinom može smanjiti dugoročne komplikacije.
○ liječenje
Adapalen gel široko se koristi jer smanjuje lučenje sebuma i sprječava ponovnu pojavu akni. Može iritirati kožu ako se nanese previše. Benzoil‑peroksid i azelainska kiselina mogu se primijeniti na upalna područja jer ublažavaju upalu. Općenito, za postizanje učinka potrebno je dugotrajno liječenje od najmanje mjesec dana.
#Benzoyl peroxide [OXY-10]
#Adapalene gel [Differin]
#Tretinoin cream
#Minocycline
#Isotretinoin
#Topical clindamycin
#Comedone extraction