Dysplastic nevus - Displastični Nevus
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Dysplastic nevi ― Zapadnjacima se preporučuje biopsija.
References
Dysplastic nevus , također poznat kao atipični ili Clarkov nevus, izazvao je rasprave u dermatologiji i dermatopatologiji. Liječnici često rade biopsiju ovih madeža jer mogu izgledati nenormalno i izazvati zabrinutost zbog melanoma.
A dysplastic nevus is also referred to as an atypical or Clarks nevus and has been the topic of much debate in the fields of dermatology and dermatopathology. It is an acquired mole demonstrating a unique clinical and histopathologic appearance that sets it apart from the common nevus. These moles appear atypical clinically, often with a fried-egg appearance, and are commonly biopsied by providers due to the concern for melanoma.
A dysplastic nevus is also referred to as an atypical or Clarks nevus and has been the topic of much debate in the fields of dermatology and dermatopathology. It is an acquired mole demonstrating a unique clinical and histopathologic appearance that sets it apart from the common nevus. These moles appear atypical clinically, often with a fried-egg appearance, and are commonly biopsied by providers due to the concern for melanoma.
Dysplastic nevi , također poznat kao atipični ili Clark nevus, ponekad može dovesti do melanoma. Oko 36% melanoma nalazi se u blizini displastičnih nevusa. Znakovi da se displastični nevus može pretvoriti u melanom uključuju nejednak oblik, više promjena pigmenta ili sivkastu boju. Ti se karcinomi obično javljaju u mlađoj dobi (oko srednjih tridesetih godina) , mogu biti višestruki i često su na trupu. Genetski, dysplastic nevi su između benignih nevusa i melanoma. Međutim, samo 20% do 30% melanoma dolazi od postojećih nevusa. Budući da većina nevusa ne postane melanom, obično se ne preporučuje njihovo preventivno uklanjanje.
Dysplastic nevus, also called atypical or Clark nevus, can be precursor to melanoma, as the observation that 36% of melanomas have dysplastic nevi near the invasive tumor supports. Signs that a dysplastic nevus may have transitioned into a melanoma include asymmetry in contour, a noticeable increase in pigment variations, or a grayish tint indicating regression. These malignancies typically arise at a younger age (mid-thirties), are sometimes multiple, and are often found on the trunk. Molecularly, dysplastic nevi have a profile intermediate between benign nevi and malignant melanoma. While there is a recognized connection between dysplastic nevi and melanoma, it’s crucial to note that only about 20% to 30% of melanomas evolve from preexisting nevi. Given that the majority of dysplastic and typical nevi do not develop into melanoma, preventive removal of melanocytic nevi is not typically advised.
Dysplastic nevus, also called atypical or Clark nevus, can be precursor to melanoma, as the observation that 36% of melanomas have dysplastic nevi near the invasive tumor supports. Signs that a dysplastic nevus may have transitioned into a melanoma include asymmetry in contour, a noticeable increase in pigment variations, or a grayish tint indicating regression. These malignancies typically arise at a younger age (mid-thirties), are sometimes multiple, and are often found on the trunk. Molecularly, dysplastic nevi have a profile intermediate between benign nevi and malignant melanoma. While there is a recognized connection between dysplastic nevi and melanoma, it’s crucial to note that only about 20% to 30% of melanomas evolve from preexisting nevi. Given that the majority of dysplastic and typical nevi do not develop into melanoma, preventive removal of melanocytic nevi is not typically advised.
Melanom je vrsta tumora koja nastaje kada melanociti, stanice odgovorne za boju kože, postanu kancerogene. Melanociti potječu iz neuralnog grebena. To znači da se melanomi mogu razviti ne samo na koži već iu drugim područjima gdje migriraju stanice neuralnog grebena, poput gastrointestinalnog trakta i mozga. Stopa preživljenja pacijenata s ranim stadijem melanoma (stadij 0) je visoka i iznosi 97%, dok značajno pada na oko 10% za one kojima je dijagnosticiran uznapredovali stadij bolesti (stadij IV) .
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
○ Rizik od raka
Kao što se vidi kod bijelaca u Sjedinjenim Državama, oni s displastičnim nevusima imaju doživotni rizik od razvoja melanoma veći od 10%. S druge strane, oni koji nemaju displastični nevus imaju rizik od razvoja melanoma manji od 1%.
○ Mjere opreza za osobe s displastičnim nevusima
Samopregled kože obično se preporučuje za prevenciju melanoma (prepoznavanjem atipičnih nevusa koji se mogu ukloniti) ili za rano otkrivanje postojećih tumora. Osobe s osobnom ili obiteljskom poviješću raka kože ili višestrukih atipičnih nevusa trebaju posjetiti dermatologa barem jednom godišnje kako bi bili sigurni da ne razvijaju melanom.
Kratica [ABCDE] bila je korisna za pomoć pružateljima zdravstvenih usluga i laicima da upamte ključne karakteristike melanoma. Nažalost za prosječnu osobu, mnoge seboreične keratoze, neki lentigo senilis, pa čak i bradavice mogu imati [ABCDE] karakteristike i ne mogu se razlikovati od melanoma.
○ [ABCDE]
Asymmetrical: Asimetrična lezija kože.
Border: Granica lezije je nepravilna.
Color: melanomi obično imaju više nepravilnih boja.
Diameter: nevusi veći od 6 mm vjerojatnije su melanomi nego manji nevusi.
Evolution: Evolucija (tj. promjena) nevusa ili lezije može ukazivati na to da lezija postaje zloćudna.