Onychomysosis - Gljivična Infekcija Noktiju
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Nokat na nozi zahvaćen Gljivična Infekcija Noktiju (Onychomysosis)
Stopala osobe s gljivičnom infekcijom noktiju nakon deset tjedana terapije oralnim lijekom terbinafinom. Zabilježite traku rasta zdravog nokta iza preostalih zaraženih noktiju.
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesSistemski antifungici predstavljaju najučinkovitiji način liječenja. Meta‑analize pokazuju stope izlječenja gljivica na sljedeći način: terbinafine = 76 %, itraconazole with pulse dosing = 63 %, itraconazole with continuous dosing = 59 %, fluconazole = 48 %. Istodobni debridman nokta dodatno povećava stope izlječenja. Lokalna terapija ciclopiroxom je manje učinkovita; ima stopu neuspjeha veću od 60 %.
Systemic antifungals are the most effective treatment. Meta-analyses shows mycotic cure rates as follows: terbinafine = 76%, itraconazole with pulse dosing = 63%, itraconazole with continuous dosing = 59%, fluconazole =48%. Concomitant nail debridement further increases cure rates. Topical therapy with ciclopirox is less effective; it has a failure rate exceeding 60%.
Systemic antifungals are the most effective treatment. Meta-analyses shows mycotic cure rates as follows: terbinafine = 76%, itraconazole with pulse dosing = 63%, itraconazole with continuous dosing = 59%, fluconazole =48%. Concomitant nail debridement further increases cure rates. Topical therapy with ciclopirox is less effective; it has a failure rate exceeding 60%.
Onychomikoza je gljivična infekcija koja zahvaća nokte. Kada je uzrokovana dermatofitima, naziva se tinea unguium. Onychomikoza uključuje infekcije uzrokovane dermatofitima, kvascima i plijesni. Problem s noktima koji nije uzrokovan gljivičnom infekcijom naziva se nail dystrophy. Iako može zahvatiti i nokte na rukama i nogama, onychomikoza noktiju na nogama je češća. Ovaj članak govori o različitim aspektima onychomikoze noktiju na nogama, kao što su njezin utjecaj, klinički oblici, stadiji, dijagnoza i liječenje. Iako nije opasna po život, onychomikoza može dovesti do ozbiljnih komplikacija poput celulitisa, sepse, infekcije kostiju, oštećenja tkiva i gubitka noktiju.
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit. When dermatophytes cause onychomycosis, this condition is called tinea unguium. The term onychomycosis encompasses the dermatophytes, yeasts, and saprophytic mold infections. An abnormal nail not caused by a fungal infection is a dystrophic nail. Onychomycosis can infect both fingernails and toenails, but onychomycosis of the toenail is much more prevalent. Discussed in detail in this activity are all evolving facets of the topic, including disease burden, clinical types, staging, diagnosis, and management of toenail onychomycosis. While non-life-threatening, onychomycosis can lead to severe complications such as cellulitis, sepsis, osteomyelitis, tissue damage, and nail loss.
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit. When dermatophytes cause onychomycosis, this condition is called tinea unguium. The term onychomycosis encompasses the dermatophytes, yeasts, and saprophytic mold infections. An abnormal nail not caused by a fungal infection is a dystrophic nail. Onychomycosis can infect both fingernails and toenails, but onychomycosis of the toenail is much more prevalent. Discussed in detail in this activity are all evolving facets of the topic, including disease burden, clinical types, staging, diagnosis, and management of toenail onychomycosis. While non-life-threatening, onychomycosis can lead to severe complications such as cellulitis, sepsis, osteomyelitis, tissue damage, and nail loss.
Terbinafine je lijek koji se bori protiv gljivičnih infekcija blokiranjem skvalen‑epoksidaze. Djelotvoran je protiv mnogih vrsta kožnih gljivica i odobren je za liječenje gljivica na noktima kada se uzima oralno. Dok su većina nuspojava, poput glavobolje i želučanih problema, blage i prolaze same od sebe, promjene okusa (disgeuzija) mogu varirati od blagih do teških, ponekad dovodeći do gubitka težine. Trajne promjene okusa su rijetke, ali su zabilježene.
Terbinafine is an antifungal medication that works through the inhibition of squalene epoxidase. It has activity against most dermatophytes, and it has approval for use as an oral therapy for the treatment of onychomycosis. Although most side effects are mild and self-limited, such as headache and gastrointestinal symptoms, taste disturbances (dysgeusia) can range from mild to severe, resulting in weight loss, and have rarely been reported permanent.
Terbinafine is an antifungal medication that works through the inhibition of squalene epoxidase. It has activity against most dermatophytes, and it has approval for use as an oral therapy for the treatment of onychomycosis. Although most side effects are mild and self-limited, such as headache and gastrointestinal symptoms, taste disturbances (dysgeusia) can range from mild to severe, resulting in weight loss, and have rarely been reported permanent.
Onihomikoza je gljivična infekcija koja zahvaća nokte. Oko 90 % infekcija noktiju na nogama i 75 % infekcija noktiju na rukama uzrokovano je gljivicama (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum). Simptomi uključuju promjenu boje nokta, zadebljanje, odvajanje od ležišta nokta i prekomjerni rast. Liječenje obično uključuje oralne lijekove poput terbinafine (terbinafina) ili itraconazole (itrakonazola), a lokalno liječenje je opcija za blage do umjerene slučajeve.
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit. Approximately 90% of toenail and 75% of fingernail onychomycosis are caused by dermatophytes, notably Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum. Clinical manifestations include discoloration of the nail, subungual hyperkeratosis, onycholysis, and onychauxis. Currently, oral terbinafine is the treatment of choice, followed by oral itraconazole. In general, topical monotherapy can be considered for mild to moderate onychomycosis.
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit. Approximately 90% of toenail and 75% of fingernail onychomycosis are caused by dermatophytes, notably Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum. Clinical manifestations include discoloration of the nail, subungual hyperkeratosis, onycholysis, and onychauxis. Currently, oral terbinafine is the treatment of choice, followed by oral itraconazole. In general, topical monotherapy can be considered for mild to moderate onychomycosis.
Čini se da je antifungalni lijek terbinafin, koji se uzima oralno, najučinkovitiji, ali je terbinafin povezan s nuspojavama na jetri.
Gljivična infekcija noktiju (Onychomysosis) javlja se u oko 10 % odrasle populacije, a češće obolijevaju starije osobe. Muškarci su zahvaćeni češće nego žene. Gljivična infekcija noktiju (Onychomysosis) predstavlja otprilike polovicu svih bolesti noktiju. To znači da deformacija noktiju na nogama može biti uzrokovana i drugim uzrocima, a ne samo onihomikozom.
○ Liječenje – OTC lijekovi
Teško je liječiti onihomikozu lokalnim lijekovima jer oni slabo prodiru kroz zadebljale nokte na nogama.
#Ketoconazole
#Clotrimazole
#Miconazole
#Terbinafine
#Butenafine [Lotrimin]
#Tolnaftate
○ Liječenje
Obično je potrebno dugotrajno liječenje sve dok se zaraženi nokat potpuno ne ukloni.
#Terbinafine (oral)
#Itraconazole
#Efinaconazole lacquer [Jublia]
#Ciclopirox lacquer