Acne - Jerawat
☆ Pada hasil Stiftung Warentest tahun 2022 dari Jerman, kepuasan konsumen terhadap ModelDerm hanya sedikit lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan konsultasi telemedis berbayar.
Jerawat di area batang tubuh. Bagian atas badan dan punggung merupakan area yang sering berjerawat.
References
Jerawat, kondisi kulit yang paling umum di Amerika Serikat, adalah masalah peradangan kulit yang terus-menerus. Perawatan bertujuan untuk mengatasi empat faktor utama yang berkontribusi terhadap jerawat: produksi sebum berlebihan, penumpukan sel kulit, kolonisasi Propionibacterium acnes, dan peradangan yang diakibatkannya. Retinoid topikal secara efektif mengatasi lesi inflamasi dan non-inflamasi dengan mencegah dan mengurangi komedo sekaligus mengatasi peradangan. Benzoil peroksida, tersedia tanpa resep, adalah agen bakterisida tanpa meningkatkan resistensi bakteri. Meskipun antibiotik topikal dan oral bekerja sendiri, menggabungkannya dengan retinoid topikal akan meningkatkan efektivitasnya. Menambahkan benzoil peroksida ke terapi antibiotik menurunkan risiko resistensi bakteri. Isotretinoin oral, yang disetujui untuk jerawat parah dan membandel, diberikan melalui program iPLEDGE.
Acne, the most common skin condition in the United States, is a persistent inflammatory skin problem. Treatment aims at addressing four main factors contributing to acne: excessive sebum production, skin cell buildup, Propionibacterium acnes colonization, and resulting inflammation. Topical retinoids effectively manage both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions by preventing and reducing comedones while addressing inflammation. Benzoyl peroxide, available over-the-counter, is a bactericidal agent without promoting bacterial resistance. While topical and oral antibiotics work alone, combining them with topical retinoids enhances their effectiveness. Adding benzoyl peroxide to antibiotic therapy lowers the risk of bacterial resistance. Oral isotretinoin, approved for severe and stubborn acne, is administered through the iPLEDGE program.
Acne, the most common skin condition in the United States, is a persistent inflammatory skin problem. Treatment aims at addressing four main factors contributing to acne: excessive sebum production, skin cell buildup, Propionibacterium acnes colonization, and resulting inflammation. Topical retinoids effectively manage both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions by preventing and reducing comedones while addressing inflammation. Benzoyl peroxide, available over-the-counter, is a bactericidal agent without promoting bacterial resistance. While topical and oral antibiotics work alone, combining them with topical retinoids enhances their effectiveness. Adding benzoyl peroxide to antibiotic therapy lowers the risk of bacterial resistance. Oral isotretinoin, approved for severe and stubborn acne, is administered through the iPLEDGE program.
Perawatan topikal yang umum untuk jerawat termasuk benzoyl peroxide (BP) , salicylic acid, antibiotics, combinations of antibiotics with BP, retinoids, combinations of retinoids with BP or antibiotics, azelaic acid, and sulfone agents. Antibiotik oral telah lama menjadi bagian penting dalam pengobatan jerawat, terutama untuk kasus sedang hingga parah. Obat ini bekerja paling baik bila digunakan bersamaan dengan retinoid topikal dan BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) , trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, and cephalexin semuanya telah menunjukkan bukti efektivitas.
Common topical treatments for acne include benzoyl peroxide (BP), salicylic acid, antibiotics, combinations of antibiotics with BP, retinoids, combinations of retinoids with BP or antibiotics, azelaic acid, sulfone agents. Oral antibiotics have long been a key part of acne treatment, especially for moderate to severe cases. They work best when used alongside a topical retinoid and BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, cephalexin have all shown evidence of effectiveness.
Common topical treatments for acne include benzoyl peroxide (BP), salicylic acid, antibiotics, combinations of antibiotics with BP, retinoids, combinations of retinoids with BP or antibiotics, azelaic acid, sulfone agents. Oral antibiotics have long been a key part of acne treatment, especially for moderate to severe cases. They work best when used alongside a topical retinoid and BP. Tetracycline, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX), trimethoprim, erythromycin, azithromycin, amoxicillin, cephalexin have all shown evidence of effectiveness.
Retinoid topikal selalu direkomendasikan untuk mengobati jerawat. Saat menggunakan antibiotik sistemik atau topikal, penting untuk menggabungkannya dengan benzoil peroksida dan retinoid, tetapi hanya hingga 12 minggu. Isotretinoin dicadangkan untuk kasus jerawat parah yang tidak merespons pengobatan lain. Meskipun terdapat beberapa bukti mengenai perawatan fisik seperti terapi laser dan pengelupasan kimiawi, serta pendekatan pelengkap seperti racun lebah murni dan diet tertentu, efektivitasnya masih belum pasti.
Topical retinoids are always recommended for treating acne. When using systemic or topical antibiotics, it's important to combine them with benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, but only for up to 12 weeks. Isotretinoin is reserved for severe cases of acne that haven't responded to other treatments. While there's some evidence for physical treatments like laser therapy and chemical peels, as well as complementary approaches such as purified bee venom and certain diets, their effectiveness is still uncertain.
Topical retinoids are always recommended for treating acne. When using systemic or topical antibiotics, it's important to combine them with benzoyl peroxide and retinoids, but only for up to 12 weeks. Isotretinoin is reserved for severe cases of acne that haven't responded to other treatments. While there's some evidence for physical treatments like laser therapy and chemical peels, as well as complementary approaches such as purified bee venom and certain diets, their effectiveness is still uncertain.
Beberapa penelitian telah mengamati bagaimana makanan yang berbeda mempengaruhi jerawat pada pasien. Mereka menemukan bahwa penderita jerawat yang mengonsumsi makanan dengan kandungan glikemik rendah cenderung memiliki lebih sedikit bintik jerawat dibandingkan dengan mereka yang mengonsumsi makanan dengan kandungan glikemik tinggi. Produk susu juga telah diteliti hubungannya dengan jerawat. Tampaknya protein tertentu dalam susu mungkin berkontribusi lebih besar terhadap jerawat dibandingkan lemak atau kandungan susu secara keseluruhan. Penelitian lain berfokus pada asam lemak omega-3 dan asam γ-linoleat. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa orang yang berjerawat mungkin mendapat manfaat dari makan lebih banyak ikan dan minyak sehat untuk meningkatkan asupan asam lemak ini. Studi terbaru tentang probiotik untuk jerawat menunjukkan hasil yang menjanjikan, namun diperlukan lebih banyak penelitian untuk mengkonfirmasi temuan awal ini.
Several studies have evaluated the significance of the glycemic index of various foods and glycemic load in patients with acne, demonstrating individuals with acne who consume diets with a low glycemic load have reduced acne lesions compared with individuals on high glycemic load diets. Dairy has also been a focus of study regarding dietary influences on acne; whey proteins responsible for the insulinotropic effects of milk may contribute more to acne development than the actual fat or dairy content. Other studies have examined the effects of omega-3 fatty acid and γ-linoleic acid consumption in individuals with acne, showing individuals with acne benefit from diets consisting of fish and healthy oils, thereby increasing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake. Recent research into the effects of probiotic administration in individuals with acne present promising results; further study of the effects of probiotics on acne is needed to support the findings of these early studies.
Several studies have evaluated the significance of the glycemic index of various foods and glycemic load in patients with acne, demonstrating individuals with acne who consume diets with a low glycemic load have reduced acne lesions compared with individuals on high glycemic load diets. Dairy has also been a focus of study regarding dietary influences on acne; whey proteins responsible for the insulinotropic effects of milk may contribute more to acne development than the actual fat or dairy content. Other studies have examined the effects of omega-3 fatty acid and γ-linoleic acid consumption in individuals with acne, showing individuals with acne benefit from diets consisting of fish and healthy oils, thereby increasing omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acid intake. Recent research into the effects of probiotic administration in individuals with acne present promising results; further study of the effects of probiotics on acne is needed to support the findings of these early studies.
Pada kedua jenis kelamin, hormon yang disebut androgen tampaknya menjadi bagian dari mekanisme yang mendasarinya, dengan menyebabkan peningkatan produksi sebum. Faktor umum lainnya adalah pertumbuhan bakteri Cutibacterium acnes yang berlebihan pada kulit.
Perawatan yang diterapkan langsung ke kulit yang terkena, seperti asam azelaic, benzoil peroksida, dan asam salisilat, biasanya digunakan. Antibiotik dan retinoid tersedia dalam formulasi yang dioleskan pada kulit dan diminum untuk pengobatan jerawat. Namun, resistensi terhadap antibiotik dapat terjadi akibat terapi antibiotik. Beberapa jenis pil KB dapat membantu mencegah timbulnya jerawat pada wanita. Perawatan jerawat secara dini dan agresif menggunakan isotretinoin mungkin membantu mengurangi komplikasi jangka panjang pada individu.
○ Perlakuan
Gel adapalene dapat digunakan secara luas karena menekan sekresi sebum dan memiliki efek menekan kambuhnya jerawat. Gel adapalene dapat mengiritasi kulit jika dioleskan terlalu banyak pada awalnya. Benzoil peroksida dan asam azelaic, sebaliknya, dapat digunakan pada lokasi peradangan jerawat karena membantu peradangan. Secara umum, pengobatan jangka panjang selama 1 bulan atau lebih diperlukan untuk melihat efeknya.
#Benzoyl peroxide [OXY-10]
#Adapalene gel [Differin]
#Tretinoin cream
#Minocycline
#Isotretinoin
#Topical clindamycin
#Comedone extraction