Informasi lebih lanjut ― Bahasa indonesia

Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.

Panniculitis membentuk kelompok penyakit inflamasi heterogen yang melibatkan jaringan adiposa subkutan. Kelainan ini jarang terjadi pada anak-anak. Panniculitis dapat menjadi proses utama dalam kelainan sistemik atau proses sekunder akibat infeksi, trauma, atau paparan obat. Sebagian besar jenis panniculitis memiliki gambaran klinis yang sama (apapun etiologinya) , dengan nodul subkutan eritematosa yang nyeri tekan.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.

Panniculitis , radang lemak subkutan, biasanya muncul dengan nodul inflamasi. Erythema nodosum (EN) secara klinis merupakan bentuk panniculitis yang paling sering terjadi. Meskipun 55% EN dianggap idiopatik, penyebab paling umum adalah infeksi, obat-obatan, penyakit sistemik seperti sarkoidosis dan penyakit radang usus, kehamilan, dan keganasan. EN biasanya muncul pada usia remaja dan 20-an, dan lebih sering terjadi pada wanita. Penyakit ini sering kali didahului dengan gejala prodromal non-spesifik yang berlangsung selama satu hingga tiga minggu, yang mungkin berupa demam, malaise, dan gejala infeksi saluran pernapasan atas. Lesi kulit kemudian menyusul, biasanya terlokalisasi pada aspek ekstensor ekstremitas. Lesinya berupa nodul merah berbentuk bulat atau lonjong yang nyeri, sedikit menonjol, dan tidak ulseratif. Patogenesis EN yang pasti belum dipahami, meskipun diperkirakan disebabkan oleh pengendapan kompleks imun di venula septa pada lemak subkutan, yang menyebabkan panniculitis neutrofilik. Bahkan tanpa terapi khusus untuk kondisi penyebab, EN dalam banyak kasus dapat sembuh tanpa pengobatan.
Panniculitis, inflammation of the subcutaneous fat, usually presents with inflammatory nodules. Erythema nodosum (EN) is clinically the most frequent form of panniculitis. Whilst up to 55% of EN is considered idiopathic, the most common causes include infections, drugs, systemic illnesses such as sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and malignancy. EN typically presents in the teens and 20s, and is seen more commonly in females. It is often preceded by a non-specific prodrome of one to three weeks, which may include fever, malaise, and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Cutaneous lesions then follow, typically localized on the extensor aspect of the limbs. The lesions are painful rounded or oval, slightly raised, non-ulcerative red nodules. The exact pathogenesis of EN is not understood, although is thought to result from deposition of immune complexes in the venules of the septae in subcutaneous fat, causing a neutrophilic panniculitis. Even without specific therapy for a causative condition, EN resolves without treatment in most cases.