Erythema multiforme
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Erythema multiforme minor ― Rụba ama na etiti ọnya ahụ nwere ike ịcha.
A pụkwara iwere urticaria dị ka nchọpụta dị iche.
References
Erythema multiforme (EM) bụ ọnọdụ ebe ntụpọ dị iche iche na-apụta n'akpụkpọ ahụ na akpụkpọ anụ mucous n'ihi mmeghachi omume mgbochi. Ọ bụ ezie na ọrịa nje na-akpatakarị, karịsịa nje virus herpes simplex (HSV) , ma ọ bụ ọgwụ ụfọdụ, a ka amabeghị ihe kpatara ya n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ. Ịgwọ nnukwu EM na-elekwasị anya na ibelata mgbaàmà site na iji ude nwere steroid ma ọ bụ antihistamines. Ijikwa EM ugboro ugboro na-akacha arụ ọrụ mgbe ahaziri onye ọrịa ọ bụla. Ụzọ mbụ na-agụnye ma ọgwụgwọ ọnụ na nke elu. Ndị a gụnyere corticosteroids na ọgwụ mgbochi nje. Ọgwụgwọ ndị dị n'elu gụnyere ude steroid siri ike yana ngwọta maka akpụkpọ ahụ mucous emetụtara. Maka ndị ọrịa na-anabataghị ọgwụ nje, nhọrọ nke abụọ na-agụnye ọgwụ na-egbochi mgbochi ọrịa, ọgwụ nje, anthelmintics, na ọgwụ ịba.
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials
N'ọtụtụ oge, erythema multiforme dị nro na-apụ n'onwe ya n'ime izu 2 ruo 4. Ọrịa Stevens-Johnson, ọnọdụ siri ike na-emetụta akpụkpọ anụ mucous, nwere ike ịdịru ruo izu isii. A naghị akwadokarị steroid maka obere ọnọdụ. Ma a ga-eji steroid mee ihe maka nnukwu erythema multiforme bụ ihe a na-ejighị n'aka ebe ọ bụ na ọ dịghị nchọpụta doro anya sitere na nchọpụta a na-enweghị usoro na-egosi nke ụmụaka ga-erite uru na ọgwụgwọ a.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.
Anyị na-egosi ikpe nke ọnụ erythema multiforme (EM) kpatara TMP/SMX , na-egosi ọnya ọnụ na egbugbere ọnụ na-enweghị ọnya anụ ahụ. Nke a na-egosi mkpa ọ dị ịmata ọdịiche dị na ya na ọrịa ọnya afọ ndị ọzọ. Onye ọrịa ahụ nwetara ọgwụgwọ symptomatic na mbadamba prednisolone, na-eduga na mmelite mgbe ọ kwụsịrị ọgwụgwọ TMP / SMX.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.
Erythema multiforme bụ mmeghachi omume metụtara akpụkpọ ahụ na mgbe ụfọdụ mucosa, nke usoro ahụ ji alụso ọrịa ọgụ na-ebute. Na-emekarị, ọ na-egosipụta dị ka ọnya ezubere iche, nke nwere ike ịpụta dịpụrụ adịpụ, na-emegharị ma ọ bụ na-adịgide. Ọnya ndị a na-emetụtakarị nsọtụ, ọkachasị elu ha. Isi ihe na-akpata ya gụnyere ọrịa dịka nje virus herpes simplex na Mycoplasma pneumoniae, yana ọgwụ ụfọdụ, ọgwụ mgbochi ọrịa, na ọrịa autoimmune. Ịmata ọdịiche erythema multiforme sitere na urticaria na-adabere na ogologo oge ọnya; erythema multiforme ọnya na-adịgide ma ọ dịkarịa ala ụbọchị asaa, ebe ọnya urticarial na-apụkarị n'ime otu ụbọchị. Agbanyeghị, ọ dị mkpa ịmata ọdịiche erythema multiforme na ọrịa Stevens-Johnson siri ike karị, nke na-egosipụtakarị erythematous ma ọ bụ purpuric macules nwere ọnya. Ijikwa erythema multiforme na-agụnye enyemaka mgbaàmà na steroid ma ọ bụ ọgwụ antihistamines ma na-agwa ihe kpatara ya. Maka okwu ugboro ugboro metụtara nje virus herpes simplex, a na-atụ aro ọgwụgwọ prophylactic antiviral. Ntinye aka siri ike nke mucosal nwere ike ime ka a nabata ụlọ ọgwụ maka mmiri intravenous na nnọchi electrolyte.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.
Ọnọdụ ahụ na-adịgasị iche site na ọkụ ọkụ dị nro, nke nwere oke onwe ya gaa n'ụdị siri ike, nke na-eyi ndụ egwu nke a maara dị ka erythema multiforme major nke na-agụnyekwa akpụkpọ anụ mucous. Mwakpo nke akpụkpọ ahụ mucous ma ọ bụ ọnụnọ nke bullaes bụ ihe ịrịba ama dị mkpa nke ịdị njọ.
- Erythema multiforme minor: ahụkarị lekwasịrị anya ma ọ bụ welitere, edematous papules ekesa acrally
Ụdị dị nro na-ebutekarị ọkụ ọkụ dị nro (ma itching nwere ike ịdị oke njọ), blotches pink-acha ọbara ọbara, nke a haziri nke ọma ma malite na nsọtụ. Mkpebi nke ọkụ ọkụ n'ime ụbọchị 7-10 bụ ụkpụrụ n'ụdị ọrịa a.
- Erythema multiforme major: ụdị ebumnuche ma ọ bụ welitere, edematous papules na-ekesa ngwa ngwa na itinye aka nke otu akpụkpọ anụ mucous ma ọ bụ karịa. Mwepu Epidermal gụnyere ihe na-erughị 10% nke mkpokọta elu ahụ.
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Ọ bụrụ na ọ na-esonyere ya na ahụ ọkụ (na-arị elu ahụ ọkụ), a na-atụ aro ka ị gaa n'ụlọ ọgwụ ozugbo enwere ike.
Ekwesịrị ịkwụsị ọgwụ ndị a na-enyo enyo. (dịka ọmụmaatụ, ọgwụ nje, ọgwụ mgbochi mkpali na-abụghị steroidal)
Ọgwụ antihistamines dị ka cetirizine na loratadine maka itching.
#Cetirizine [Zytec]
#LevoCetirizine [Xyzal]
#Loratadine [Claritin]