Ozi ndị ọzọ ― Igbo

Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.

Panniculitis na-etolite otu heterogenous ọrịa mkpali nke gụnyere anụ ahụ adipose subcutaneous. Nsogbu ndị a dị ụkọ na ụmụaka. Ọrịa panniculitis nwere ike ịbụ usoro izizi na nsogbu sistemu ma ọ bụ usoro nke abụọ nke sitere na ọrịa, trauma ma ọ bụ ikpughe ọgwụ. Ọtụtụ ụdị panniculitis nwere otu ihe ngosi ụlọ ọgwụ (n'agbanyeghị aetiology) , na-adị nro, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.

Panniculitis , mbufụt nke abụba subcutaneous, na-ebutekarị nodules mkpali. Erythema nodosum (EN) bụ ụlọ ọgwụ a na-ahụkarị ụdị panniculitis. Ọ bụ ezie na ihe ruru 55% nke EN ka a na-ewere idiopathic, ihe ndị na-akpatakarị gụnyere ọrịa, ọgwụ, ọrịa sistemu dị ka sarcoidosis na ọrịa afọ ọzịza, afọ ime, na malignancy. EN na-apụtakarị na ndị nọ n'afọ iri na ụma na afọ 20, a na-ahụkarị ya na ụmụ nwanyị. Ọ na-ebutekarị prodrome na-abụghị nke a kapịrị ọnụ nke otu izu ma ọ bụ atọ, nke nwere ike ịgụnye ahụ ọkụ, ahụ erughị ala, na ihe mgbaàmà nke ọrịa traktị iku ume elu. Ọnya akpụkpọ ahụ na-esozi, nke a na-ahụkarị na akụkụ extensor nke akụkụ ahụ. Ọnya ndị ahụ na-egbu mgbu gburugburu ma ọ bụ oval, bilitere ntakịrị, nodules na-acha uhie uhie na-abụghị ọnya. Aghọtaghị kpọmkwem pathogenesis nke EN, n'agbanyeghị na a na-eche na ọ bụ site na ntinye nke ogige ndị na-alụso ọrịa ọgụ na venules nke septae na abụba subcutaneous, na-akpata panniculitis neutrophilic. Ọbụlagodi na-enweghị ọgwụgwọ akọwapụtara maka ọnọdụ na-akpata, EN na-edozi na-enweghị ọgwụgwọ n'ọtụtụ ọnọdụ.
Panniculitis, inflammation of the subcutaneous fat, usually presents with inflammatory nodules. Erythema nodosum (EN) is clinically the most frequent form of panniculitis. Whilst up to 55% of EN is considered idiopathic, the most common causes include infections, drugs, systemic illnesses such as sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and malignancy. EN typically presents in the teens and 20s, and is seen more commonly in females. It is often preceded by a non-specific prodrome of one to three weeks, which may include fever, malaise, and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Cutaneous lesions then follow, typically localized on the extensor aspect of the limbs. The lesions are painful rounded or oval, slightly raised, non-ulcerative red nodules. The exact pathogenesis of EN is not understood, although is thought to result from deposition of immune complexes in the venules of the septae in subcutaneous fat, causing a neutrophilic panniculitis. Even without specific therapy for a causative condition, EN resolves without treatment in most cases.