Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation bụ ọnọdụ akpụkpọ ahụ nke e ji mmụba pigmenti na akpụkpọ ahụ na-esochi mbufụt nke akpụkpọ ahụ. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation nwere ike ịkpata site na ikpughe ogologo oge anwụ, mbufụt, ma ọ bụ mmerụ ahụ akpụkpọ ahụ ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ndị metụtara ihe otutu. Ndị nwere ụda akpụkpọ ahụ gbajiri agbaji na-adịkarị mfe iji hyperpigmentation na oke anwụ.
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References
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) bụ nsogbu akpụkpọ ahụ na-emekarị mgbe ọnya akpụkpọ ma ọ bụ mmerụ ahụ gasịrị. Ọ na-adịru ogologo oge ma na-akawanye njọ na ndị nwere ụda akpụkpọ ahụ (Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI) . Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-akawanye mma n'onwe ya, nke a nwere ike iwepụta oge, ya mere a na-achọkarị ọgwụgwọ ogologo oge. Ijikọta ọgwụgwọ dị iche iche na-arụ ọrụ kacha mma.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common acquired cutaneous disorder occurring after skin inflammation or injury. It is chronic and is more common and severe in darker-skinned individuals (Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI). While the condition typically improves spontaneously, this process can take months to years, necessitating prolonged treatment. Combination therapy is the most effective.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is a common acquired cutaneous disorder occurring after skin inflammation or injury. It is chronic and is more common and severe in darker-skinned individuals (Fitzpatrick skin types III–VI). While the condition typically improves spontaneously, this process can take months to years, necessitating prolonged treatment. Combination therapy is the most effective.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation bụ ihe na-esochikarị mbufụt akpụkpọ. Ọ na-emetụta ndị nwere akpụkpọ ahụ dị oke njọ na ugboro ugboro. Nnyocha na-egosi na okwu dị ka postinflammatory hyperpigmentation so na isi ihe kpatara ndị nwere ụda akpụkpọ ahụ ji achọ nlekọta anụ ahụ. Ọgwụgwọ mmalite dị oke mkpa maka idozi postinflammatory hyperpigmentation ma na-amalitekarị site na ijikwa ọnọdụ mkpali mbụ. Usoro ọgwụgwọ nke mbụ na-agụnye iji ihe ndị na-eme ihe na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dịkwuo ọkụ yana mkpuchi anwụ maka nchebe. Ndị ọrụ ndị a, dị ka hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, licorice extracts , nwere ike belata oke pigmenti n'ụzọ dị irè. Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa retinoids, mequinol, ascorbic acid, niacinamide, N-acetyl glucosamine, soy dị ka ihe na-eme ka agba agba agba, yana ọgwụgwọ ọhụrụ na-apụta. Ọ bụ ezie na ọgwụgwọ ndị dị n'elu na-adịkarị irè maka hyperpigmentation elu-larịị, usoro (laser, chemical peel) nwere ike ịdị mkpa maka ikpe isi ike. Ọ dị mkpa iji ịkpachara anya na ọgwụgwọ ndị a iji zere iwe na njọ nke postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation is a common sequelae of inflammatory dermatoses that tends to affect darker skinned patients with greater frequency and severity. Epidemiological studies show that dyschromias, including postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, are among the most common reasons darker racial/ethnic groups seek the care of a dermatologist. The treatment of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation should be started early to help hasten its resolution and begins with management of the initial inflammatory condition. First-line therapy typically consists of topical depigmenting agents in addition to photoprotection including a sunscreen. Topical tyrosinase inhibitors, such as hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, and certain licorice extracts, can effectively lighten areas of hypermelanosis. Other depigmenting agents include retinoids, mequinol, ascorbic acid, niacinamide, N-acetyl glucosamine, and soy with a number of emerging therapies on the horizon. Topical therapy is typically effective for epidermal postinflammatory hyperpigmentation; however, certain procedures, such as chemical peeling and laser therapy, may help treat recalcitrant hyperpigmentation. It is also important to use caution with all of the above treatments to prevent irritation and worsening of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation is a common sequelae of inflammatory dermatoses that tends to affect darker skinned patients with greater frequency and severity. Epidemiological studies show that dyschromias, including postinflammatory hyperpigmentation, are among the most common reasons darker racial/ethnic groups seek the care of a dermatologist. The treatment of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation should be started early to help hasten its resolution and begins with management of the initial inflammatory condition. First-line therapy typically consists of topical depigmenting agents in addition to photoprotection including a sunscreen. Topical tyrosinase inhibitors, such as hydroquinone, azelaic acid, kojic acid, arbutin, and certain licorice extracts, can effectively lighten areas of hypermelanosis. Other depigmenting agents include retinoids, mequinol, ascorbic acid, niacinamide, N-acetyl glucosamine, and soy with a number of emerging therapies on the horizon. Topical therapy is typically effective for epidermal postinflammatory hyperpigmentation; however, certain procedures, such as chemical peeling and laser therapy, may help treat recalcitrant hyperpigmentation. It is also important to use caution with all of the above treatments to prevent irritation and worsening of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation.
