Urticaria
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References
Acute and Chronic Urticaria: Evaluation and Treatment 28671445A na-ejikwa urticaria, nke na-enwekarị itching, mgbe ụfọdụ ọzịza nke elu akpụkpọ ahụ dị omimi, na-achịkwa ya site n'izere ihe ndị na-akpali akpali, ma ọ bụrụ na a maara ihe kpatara ya. Ọgwụgwọ bụ isi gụnyere antihistamine H1 nke ọgbọ nke abụọ, nke enwere ike ịtọ ya n'ogo dị elu ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa. Ọzọkwa, a pụrụ iji ọgwụ ndị ọzọ dịka antihistamine H1 nke ọgbọ mbụ, antihistamine H2, leukotriene receptor antagonists, antihistamine ike, na obere usoro corticosteroids. Maka ọnọdụ na-adịgide adịgide, a ga-atụle ntụnye aka n'aka ndị ọkachamara maka ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ dịka omalizumab ma ọ bụ cyclosporine.
Urticaria, often characterized by itchy wheals and sometimes swelling of the deeper skin layers, is typically managed by avoiding triggers, if known. The primary treatment involves second-generation H1 antihistamines, which can be adjusted to higher doses if needed. Additionally, other medications like first-generation H1 antihistamines, H2 antihistamines, leukotriene receptor antagonists, potent antihistamines, and short courses of corticosteroids may be used alongside. For persistent cases, referral to specialists for alternative therapies like omalizumab or cyclosporine may be considered.
Urticaria and Angioedema: an Update on Classification and Pathogenesis 28748365
Chronic Urticaria 32310370 NIH
Second-generation H1-antihistamines (e.g., cetirizine, loratadine, fexofenadine), Omalizumab, Ciclosporin, and short courses only of systemic corticosteroids
Angioedema 30860724 NIH
Angioedema bụ ọzịza nke na-adịghị ahapụ olulu mgbe a pịara ya, na-eme n'ígwé dị n'okpuru akpụkpọ ahụ ma ọ bụ akpụkpọ anụ mucous. Ọ na-emetụtakarị ebe dị ka ihu, egbugbere ọnụ, olu, na aka, yana ọnụ, akpịrị, na eriri afọ. Ọ na-adị ize ndụ mgbe ọ na-emetụta akpịrị, nwere ike ịkpata ọnọdụ egwu ndụ.
Angioedema is non-pitting edema that involves subcutaneous and/or submucosal layers of tissue that affects the face, lips, neck, and extremities, oral cavity, larynx, and/or gut. It becomes life-threatening when it involves the larynx.
Mgbochi bụ site n'ịzere ihe ọ bụla na‑akpata ọnọdụ ahụ. Ọgwụgwọ na‑abụkarị antihistamines dịka diphenhydramine na ranitidine. N'ọnọdụ siri ike, a pụkwara iji corticosteroids ma ọ bụ ihe mgbochi leukotriene. Idobe okpomọkụ gburugburu ebe obibi dị jụụ bara uru n’oge ụfọdụ. Maka ikpe ndị na‑adịru karịa izu isii, enwere ike iji immunosuppressants dịka cyclosporin.
Ọ bụ ọrịa a na‑ahụkarị; ihe dịka 20 % nke ndị mmadụ na‑emetụta ya. Urticaria na‑apụta n’etiti nwoke na nwanyị, ma ogologo oge na‑adịkarị na ụmụ nwanyị. Ọ na‑apụta n’etiti ụmụaka, ebe ogologo oge na‑adịkarị n’etiti ndị agadi. Ọ bụrụ na mgbaàmà adịgide ihe karịrị ọnwa 2, ha nwere ike ịdịru ọtụtụ afọ tupu ha apụ.
○ Ọgwụgwọ – Ọgwụ OTC
Urticaria na‑adịkarị n’ime otu izu, mana urticaria na‑adịghị ala ala nwere ike ịdịgide ruo ọtụtụ afọ, ọbụna mgbe ọtụtụ n’ime ha na‑apụ n’oge ụfọdụ. N’ihe gbasara urticaria na‑adịghị ala ala, a na‑atụ aro ka ị na‑aṅụ antihistamine mgbe niile ma chere ka ọ pụọ n’onwe ya.
OTC antihistamine. Cetirizine ma ọ bụ levocetirizine dị irè karịa fexofenadine, ma ha nwere ike ime ka ụra dịkwuo mma.
#Cetirizine [Zytec]
#LevoCetirizine [Xyzal]
Maka urticaria na‑adịghị ala ala, a na‑ahọrọ antihistamines na‑adịghị ehi ụra dịka fexofenadine.
#Fexofenadine [Allegra]
#Diphenhydramine [Benadryl]
#Loratadine [Claritin]