Erythema nodosum - 結節性紅斑
脚に痛みを伴う紅斑性結節として現れます。
References
Erythema nodosum は最も一般的なタイプの脂肪織炎で、主に下肢に見られる痛みを伴う赤い結節が特徴です。その正確な原因はまだ不明ですが、さまざまな引き金に対する過剰な反応が原因であるようです。その原因は不明な場合が多いですが、 primary erythema nodosum を診断する前に他の基礎疾患を除外することが重要です。これは、感染症、炎症、がん、薬剤への反応などの全身性疾患の発症を示している可能性があります。一般的なトリガーには strep infections, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet's disease, inflammatory bowel disease, certain medications, and pregnancy が含まれます。
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.
Panniculitis は、皮膚の下の脂肪組織に影響を与えるさまざまな炎症状態を指します。これらの症状は小児ではまれです。 Panniculitis は、全身状態の主な問題である場合もあれば、感染、怪我、特定の薬剤などの要因に起因する二次的な反応である場合もあります。原因に関係なく、ほとんどの種類の panniculitis は、皮膚の下に痛みを伴う赤い結節を含む同様の症状を示します。
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.
Panniculitis は皮膚の下の脂肪層の炎症であり、通常は腫れた小結節や斑点として現れるまれな症状です。 Erythema nodosum (EN) は最も一般的なタイプで、さまざまな要因によって引き起こされることがよくあります。症例の約55%には明確な原因がありませんが、一般的な誘因には、感染症、薬剤、サルコイドーシスや炎症性腸疾患などの特定の疾患、妊娠、がんなどが含まれます。 EN は通常、10 代および若年成人に発生し、女性に多く発生します。多くの場合、発熱や上気道の問題などの症状を伴った全身的な気分の悪さが 1 ～ 3 週間続きます。その後、通常は腕や脚の外側に赤い結節が現れ、痛みを引き起こします。 EN の正確な原因は完全には理解されていませんが、脂肪層の小さな血管内の免疫複合体に関与し、炎症を引き起こすと考えられています。通常、生検では、血管への損傷はなく、脂肪層の炎症が示されます。根本的な原因に対する特別な治療を行わなくても、EN は自然に解決することがよくあります。したがって、ほとんどの患者は症状に対する対症療法のみを必要とします。
Panniculitis, an inflammation of the fat layer under the skin, is a rare condition usually showing up as swollen nodules or patches. Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common type, often triggered by various factors. While around 55% of cases have no clear cause, common triggers include infections, medications, certain diseases like sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and cancer. EN usually appears in teens and young adults, more often in females. It's often preceded by a general feeling of illness lasting one to three weeks, with symptoms like fever and upper respiratory issues. Then, red nodules appear, usually on the outer sides of arms and legs, causing pain. EN's exact cause isn't fully understood, but it's believed to involve immune complexes in small blood vessels of the fat layer, leading to inflammation. Typically, a biopsy shows inflammation in the fat layer without damage to blood vessels. Even without specific treatment for the underlying cause, EN often resolves on its own. So, most patients need only supportive care for their symptoms.
Panniculitis, an inflammation of the fat layer under the skin, is a rare condition usually showing up as swollen nodules or patches. Erythema nodosum (EN) is the most common type, often triggered by various factors. While around 55% of cases have no clear cause, common triggers include infections, medications, certain diseases like sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and cancer. EN usually appears in teens and young adults, more often in females. It's often preceded by a general feeling of illness lasting one to three weeks, with symptoms like fever and upper respiratory issues. Then, red nodules appear, usually on the outer sides of arms and legs, causing pain. EN's exact cause isn't fully understood, but it's believed to involve immune complexes in small blood vessels of the fat layer, leading to inflammation. Typically, a biopsy shows inflammation in the fat layer without damage to blood vessels. Even without specific treatment for the underlying cause, EN often resolves on its own. So, most patients need only supportive care for their symptoms.
結節性紅斑は臨床的に診断されます。不確実な診断を確認するために、生検を採取して顕微鏡検査することができます。肺疾患、特にサルコイドーシスや結核を除外するために胸部 X 線検査を行う必要があります。