Erythema multiforme - Eritema Multiforme
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Erythema multiforme minor ― Elinga yen pusat lesi bisa pucet.
Urtikaria uga bisa dianggep minangka diagnosis diferensial.
References
Erythema multiforme (EM) minangka kondisi ing ngendi bintik-bintik kaya target katon ing kulit lan membran mukus amarga reaksi kekebalan. Sanajan asring dipicu dening infeksi virus, utamane virus herpes simplex (HSV) , utawa obat-obatan tartamtu, panyebabe tetep ora dingerteni ing pirang-pirang kasus. Nambani EM akut fokus kanggo nyuda gejala nggunakake krim sing ngemot steroid utawa antihistamin. Ngatur EM ambalan paling efektif nalika disesuaikan karo saben pasien. Pendekatan awal kalebu perawatan lisan lan topikal. Iki kalebu kortikosteroid lan obat antivirus. Pangobatan topikal kalebu krim steroid sing kuwat lan solusi kanggo membran mukus sing kena pengaruh. Kanggo pasien sing ora nanggapi antivirus, pilihan baris kapindho kalebu obat sing nyuda kekebalan, antibiotik, anthelmintik, lan antimalaria.
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials
Ing sawetara kasus, erythema multiforme entheng ilang dhewe sajrone 2 nganti 4 minggu. Sindrom Stevens-Johnson, kondisi abot sing mengaruhi membran mukus, bisa nganti 6 minggu. Steroid biasane ora dianjurake kanggo kasus sing entheng. Apa steroid kudu digunakake kanggo erythema multiforme abot ora mesthi amarga ora ana temuan sing jelas saka studi acak sing nuduhake bocah sing bakal entuk manfaat saka perawatan iki.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.
Kita nampilake kasus lisan erythema multiforme (EM) sing disebabake dening TMP/SMX , nuduhake ulkus lisan lan lambe sing khas tanpa lesi kulit. Iki nandheske perlu kanggo mbedakake saka kelainan ulcerative lisan liyane. Pasien nampa perawatan simtomatik lan tablet prednisolone, sing ndadékaké perbaikan sawise mungkasi terapi TMP / SMX.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.
Erythema multiforme minangka reaksi sing nglibatake kulit lan kadhangkala mukosa, sing dipicu dening sistem kekebalan. Biasane, katon minangka lesi kaya target, sing bisa uga katon terisolasi, kambuh, utawa tetep. Lesi iki biasane simetris mengaruhi ekstremitas, utamane permukaan njaba. Penyebab utama kalebu infeksi kaya virus herpes simplex lan Mycoplasma pneumoniae, uga obat-obatan tartamtu, imunisasi, lan penyakit otoimun. Mbedakake erythema multiforme saka urtikaria gumantung ing durasi lesi; erythema multiforme lesi tetep tetep paling sethithik pitung dina, dene lesi urtikaria asring ilang sajrone sedina. Sanajan padha, penting kanggo mbedakake erythema multiforme saka sindrom Stevens-Johnson sing luwih abot, sing biasane nyebabake makula erythematous utawa purpuric sing nyebar kanthi lepuh. Ngatur erythema multiforme kalebu relief gejala karo steroid topikal utawa antihistamin lan ngatasi sabab sing ndasari. Kanggo kasus berulang sing ana gandhengane karo virus herpes simplex, terapi antiviral prophylactic dianjurake. Keterlibatan mukosa sing abot bisa uga mbutuhake rawat inap kanggo cairan intravena lan penggantian elektrolit.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.
Kahanan kasebut beda-beda saka ruam sing entheng lan ora bisa ditindakake nganti bentuk sing abot, sing ngancam nyawa sing dikenal minangka erythema multiforme major sing uga nglibatake membran mukus. Invasi membran lendhut utawa anané bula minangka tandha keruwetan sing penting.
- Erythema multiforme minor: target khas utawa munggah, papula edematous disebarake acrally
Wangun sing entheng biasane muncul kanthi gatel entheng (nanging gatal bisa banget abot), bintik-bintik jambon-abang, disusun kanthi simetris lan diwiwiti saka ekstremitas. Resolusi ruam ing 7-10 dina minangka norma ing wangun penyakit iki.
- Erythema multiforme major: target khas utawa munggah, papules edematous disebarake acrally karo keterlibatan siji utawa luwih membran mucous. Detasemen epidermis kalebu kurang saka 10% saka total permukaan awak.
○ Pengobatan - Obat OTC
Yen diiringi mriyang (suhu awak mundhak), disaranake menyang rumah sakit sanalika bisa.
Obat sing dicurigai kudu mandheg. (contone, antibiotik, obat anti-inflamasi nonsteroid)
Antihistamin lisan kayata cetirizine lan loratadine kanggo gatel.
#Cetirizine [Zytec]
#LevoCetirizine [Xyzal]
#Loratadine [Claritin]