Impetigo
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impetigo
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References
Impetigo: Diagnosis and Treatment 25250996Impetigo (ការឆ្លងមេរោគលើស្បែក) ជាជំងឺដែលพบได้บ่อยที่สุดในเด็กอายุ 2‑5 ปี มีสองประเภทหลักคือ non‑bullous (ประมาณ 70 % ของกรณี) และ bullous (ประมาณ 30 % ของกรณี) ។ ความบกพร่องของผิวหนังส่วนใหญ่เกิดจาก Staphylococcus aureus หรือ Streptococcus pyogenes । โรคนี้มักเริ่มต้นด้วยแผลสีชมพูอ่อนบนใบหน้าและอวัยวะอื่น ๆ แล้วกระจายไปยังผิวหนัง หรืออาจเกิดจากการติดเชื้อจากสัตว์เลื้อยคลาน เช่น โรคตากลาม หรือเชื้อ Herpes । Bullous impetigo เกิดจาก S. aureus เพียงชนิดเดียว ทำให้เกิดตุ่มหนาใหญ่และมักกระจายไปยังบริเวณผิวหนังที่ติดกันหลายส่วน । ทั้งสองประเภทนี้โดยทั่วไปจะหายภายใน 2‑3 สัปดาห์โดยไม่มีรอยแผลเป็น แต่ภาวะแทรกซ้อนที่สำคัญที่สุดคือ glomerulonephritis post‑streptococcal ซึ่งอาจเป็นอันตรายถึงชีวิตได้ । การรักษาเบื้องต้นใช้ยาต้านเชื้อแบคทีเรีย (antibiotic) เช่น mupirocin, retapamulin, fusidic acid । ยาต้านเชื้อแบคทีเรียแบบรับประทาน (เช่น amoxicillin/clavulanate, dicloxacillin, cephalexin, clindamycin, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, macrolides) เป็นทางเลือกเมื่อ impetigo มีตุ่มหนาใหญ่หรือเมื่อการรักษาแบบทาไม่เพียงพอ । ยาต้านเชื้อแบคทีเรียแบบทา (topical) มีประสิทธิภาพดีกว่ายาต้านเชื้อแบคทีเรียแบบรับประทานและควรหลีกเลี่ยงการใช้สารทำความสะอาดผิวหนัง (antiseptic) แทน । - Fusidic acid, mupirocin, retapamulin มีประสิทธิภาพต่อ methicillin‑susceptible S. aureus และการติดเชื้อ streptococcal - Clindamycin มีประโยชน์ในการควบคุมการติดเชื้อ methicillin‑resistant S. aureus - Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole มีประสิทธิภาพต่อ S. aureus ที่ต้าน methicillin แต่ไม่ครอบคลุมการติดเชื้อ streptococcal
Impetigo, the most common bacterial skin infection in children aged two to five, comes in two main types: nonbullous (70% of cases) and bullous (30% of cases). Nonbullous impetigo is typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes. It's recognized by honey-colored crusts on the face and limbs and mainly targets the skin or can infect insect bites, eczema, or herpetic lesions. Bullous impetigo, caused solely by S. aureus, leads to large, flaccid bullae and often affects areas where skin rubs together. Both types usually clear up within two to three weeks without scarring, and complications are rare, with poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis being the most severe. Treatment involves topical antibiotics (mupirocin, retapamulin, fusidic acid). Oral antibiotics might be necessary for impetigo with large bullae or when topical treatment isn't feasible. While several oral antibiotics (amoxicillin/clavulanate, dicloxacillin, cephalexin, clindamycin, doxycycline, minocycline, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, macrolides) are options, penicillin isn't effective. Topical disinfectants aren't as good as antibiotics and should be avoided. Fusidic acid, mupirocin, retapamulin are effective against methicillin-susceptible S. aureus and streptococcal infections. Clindamycin is useful for suspected methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole works against methicillin-resistant S. aureus, but isn't enough for streptococcal infection.
Impetigo 28613693 NIH
Impetigo គឺជាការឆ្លងមេរោគលើស្បែកដែលបង្កើតឡើងដោយបាក់តេរីមួយចំនួន ហើយងាយស្រួលឆ្លងតាមការទាក់ទងផ្ទាល់ឬតាមវត្ថុដែលមានការបំពុល។ ជាធម្មតា វាលេចឡើងជាបំណះពណ៌ក្រហមដែលមានសំបកពណ៌លឿង ហើយអាចបណ្តាលឱ្យមានការឈឺចាប់ ឬក្តីក្រអូប។ ការឆ្លងមេរោគនេះភាគច្រើនកើតឡើងនៅកុមារដែលរស់នៅក្នុងតំបន់ក្តៅ និងសើម។ វាអាចបង្ហាញជាពងបែក ឬអាចមិនមានសញ្ញាណណាមួយ។ នៅដំណាក់កាលដំបូង វាអាចជារមាស់តូចៗលើមុខ ឬអាចកើតឡើងនៅកន្លែងណាមួយដែលមានការបែកស្បែក។ ការពិនិត្យរោគសញ្ញា និងរបៀបបង្ហាញរបស់វាជួយក្នុងការធ្វើការធ្វើវិនិច្ឆ័យ។ ការព្យាបាលជាធម្មតា ប្រើថ្នាំប្រឆាំងបាក់តេរី ដូចជា mupirocin ឬ fusidic acid រួមជាមួយការថែទាំរមាស់ និងការគ្រប់គ្រងបរិស្ថានដើម្បីបន្ថយការឆ្លងផ្សាយ។
Impetigo is a common infection of the superficial layers of the epidermis that is highly contagious and most commonly caused by gram-positive bacteria. It most commonly presents as erythematous plaques with a yellow crust and may be itchy or painful. The lesions are highly contagious and spread easily. Impetigo is a disease of children who reside in hot humid climates. The infection may be bullous or nonbullous. The infection typically affects the face but can also occur in any other part of the body that has an abrasion, laceration, insect bite or other trauma. Diagnosis is typically based on the symptoms and clinical manifestations alone. Treatment involves topical and oral antibiotics and symptomatic care.
Impetigo ជាធម្មតាបណ្តាលមកពី Staphylococcus aureus ឬ Streptococcus pyogenes។ ជាមួយនឹងទំនាក់ទំនង, វាអាចរាលដាលជុំវិញឬរវាងមនុស្ស។ ក្នុងករណីកុមារ វាអាចផ្ទុះពីបងប្អូន។
ការព្យាបាលធម្មតា ប្រើក្រែមអង់ទីប៊ីយ៉ូតិកដូចជា mupirocin ឬអាស៊ីត fusidic acid។ ថ្នាំអង់ទីប៊ីយ៉ូតិកមាត់ដូចជា cefalexin អាចត្រូវបានប្រើបើមានផ្ទៃធំប៉ះពាល់។
Impetigo ប៉ះពាល់ដល់មនុស្សប្រហែល 140 លាននាក់ (2% នៃចំនួនប្រជាជនពិភពលោក) ក្នុងឆ្នាំ 2010។ វាអាចកើតឡើងនៅគ្រប់វ័យ ប៉ុន្តែពេញនិយមនៅកុមារតូចៗ។ ផលប៉ះពាល់អាចមានរលាក cellulitis ឬ post‑streptococcal glomerulonephritis។
○ ការព្យាបាល – ឱសថ OTC
* ដោយសារតែ impetigo ជាជំងឺឆ្លង, មិនគួរប្រើស្តេរ៉ូអ៊ីដ (steroid) ទេ។ ប្រសិនបើអ្នកមានបញ្ហាក្នុងការបំបាត់ដំបៅដែលមិនស្អាតពីជំងឺផ្សេង, សូមប្រើថ្នាំប្រឆាំងបាក់តេរី (antibiotic) OTC ដោយមិនប្រើស្តេរ៉ូអ៊ីដ។
#OTC antihistamine
* សូមលាបថ្នាំ OTC អង់ទីប៊ីយ៉ូតិកលើដំបៅ។
#Bacitracin
#Polysporin