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Erythema nodosum is the most common form of panniculitis and is characterized by tender erythematous nodules mainly in the lower limbs on the pretibial area. The exact cause of erythema nodosum is unknown, although it appears to be a hypersensitivity response to a variety of antigenic stimuli. Although the etiology is mostly idiopathic, ruling out an underlying disease is imperative before diagnosing primary erythema nodosum. Erythema nodosum can be the first sign of a systemic disease that is triggered by a large group of processes, such as infections, inflammatory diseases, neoplasia, and/or drugs. The most common identifiable causes are streptococcal infections, primary tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, Behçet disease, inflammatory bowel disease, drugs, and pregnancy.

Panniculitis Coetum heterogeneum morborum inflammationis quae telam adiposi subcutaneos involvunt. Haec rara in pueris perturbationes sunt. Panniculitis potest esse primus processus in inordinatione systemica vel processus secundus, qui consequitur infectio, trauma vel expositio ad medicinam. Pleraque genera panniculitis eandem propositionem clinicam (respectum aetiologiae) habent cum nodulis tenerrimis, erythematis subcutaneis.
Panniculitides form a heterogenous group of inflammatory diseases that involve the subcutaneous adipose tissue. These disorders are rare in children and have many aetiologies. As in adults, the panniculitis can be the primary process in a systemic disorder or a secondary process that results from infection, trauma or exposure to medication. Some types of panniculitis are seen more commonly or exclusively in children, and several new entities have been described in recent years. Most types of panniculitis have the same clinical presentation (regardless of the aetiology), with tender, erythematous subcutaneous nodules.

Panniculitis, inflammatio pingue telae, plerumque cum nodulis inflammatoribus. Erythema nodosum (EN) est forma panniculitis frequentissima. Usque ad 55 % casuum EN idiopathica consideratur; causae frequentissimae sunt infectiones, medicamenta, morbi systemici sicut sarcoidosis et inflammatio alvi, graviditas et malignitas. EN typice occurrit in adolescentibus et in annis 20, et frequentius in feminis. Saepe praecedit prodromus non specificus, qui durat unam ad tres septimanas, et potest includere febrem, lassitudinem et signa infectionis tractus respiratorii superioris. Deinde sequuntur laesiones cutaneae, quae in regionibus extensis membrorum proprie locatae sunt. Laesiones sunt rotundae vel ovales, leviter elevatae, noduli rubri, non ulcerativi. Pathogenesis exacta EN non intellegitur, licet putetur ex depositione complexorum immunium in venulis septarum pingue subcutaneae, causando panniculitis neutrophilicam. Etiam sine curatione specifica pro causa subiacente, EN plerumque resolvit.
Panniculitis, inflammation of the subcutaneous fat, usually presents with inflammatory nodules. Erythema nodosum (EN) is clinically the most frequent form of panniculitis. Whilst up to 55% of EN is considered idiopathic, the most common causes include infections, drugs, systemic illnesses such as sarcoidosis and inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and malignancy. EN typically presents in the teens and 20s, and is seen more commonly in females. It is often preceded by a non-specific prodrome of one to three weeks, which may include fever, malaise, and symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection. Cutaneous lesions then follow, typically localized on the extensor aspect of the limbs. The lesions are painful rounded or oval, slightly raised, non-ulcerative red nodules. The exact pathogenesis of EN is not understood, although is thought to result from deposition of immune complexes in the venules of the septae in subcutaneous fat, causing a neutrophilic panniculitis. Even without specific therapy for a causative condition, EN resolves without treatment in most cases.