Dysplastic nevus
☆ ໃນປີ 2022 Stiftung Warentest ຜົນໄດ້ຮັບຈາກເຢຍລະມັນ, ຄວາມພໍໃຈຂອງຜູ້ບໍລິໂພກກັບ ModelDerm ແມ່ນຕໍ່າກວ່າການປຶກສາຫາລືທາງດ້ານການປິ່ນປົວທາງໂທລະສັບເລັກນ້ອຍເທົ່ານັ້ນ.
Dysplastic nevi - Biopsy ແມ່ນແນະນໍາສໍາລັບຊາວຕາເວັນຕົກ.
References
Dysplastic nevus , ເຊິ່ງເອີ້ນກັນວ່າ atypical ຫຼື Clarks nevus, ໄດ້ກະຕຸ້ນການໂຕ້ວາທີໃນ dermatology ແລະ dermatopathology. ແພດມັກຈະກວດຮ່າງກາຍຂອງ moles ເຫຼົ່ານີ້ເພາະວ່າພວກມັນມີລັກສະນະຜິດປົກກະຕິແລະເຮັດໃຫ້ເກີດຄວາມກັງວົນກ່ຽວກັບ melanoma.
A dysplastic nevus is also referred to as an atypical or Clarks nevus and has been the topic of much debate in the fields of dermatology and dermatopathology. It is an acquired mole demonstrating a unique clinical and histopathologic appearance that sets it apart from the common nevus. These moles appear atypical clinically, often with a fried-egg appearance, and are commonly biopsied by providers due to the concern for melanoma.
A dysplastic nevus is also referred to as an atypical or Clarks nevus and has been the topic of much debate in the fields of dermatology and dermatopathology. It is an acquired mole demonstrating a unique clinical and histopathologic appearance that sets it apart from the common nevus. These moles appear atypical clinically, often with a fried-egg appearance, and are commonly biopsied by providers due to the concern for melanoma.
Dysplastic nevi , ເຊິ່ງເອີ້ນກັນວ່າ atypical ຫຼື Clark nevi, ບາງຄັ້ງສາມາດນໍາໄປສູ່ການ melanoma. ປະມານ 36% ຂອງ melanomas ແມ່ນພົບເຫັນຢູ່ໃກ້ກັບ dysplastic nevi. ອາການທີ່ບົ່ງບອກວ່າ dysplastic nevus ອາດຈະກາຍເປັນ melanoma ປະກອບມີຮູບຮ່າງບໍ່ສະຫມໍ່າສະເຫມີ, ການປ່ຽນແປງເມັດສີຫຼາຍ, ຫຼືສີສີຂີ້ເຖົ່າ. ມະເຮັງເຫຼົ່ານີ້ມັກຈະເກີດຂຶ້ນໃນອາຍຸຍັງນ້ອຍ (ປະມານກາງສາມສິບ) , ສາມາດມີຫຼາຍ, ແລະມັກຈະຢູ່ໃນລໍາຕົ້ນ. ທາງພັນທຸກໍາ, dysplastic nevi ແມ່ນຢູ່ໃນລະຫວ່າງ nevi benign ແລະ melanoma. ແນວໃດກໍ່ຕາມ, ພຽງແຕ່ 20% ຫາ 30% ຂອງ melanomas ມາຈາກ nevi ທີ່ມີຢູ່ແລ້ວ. ເນື່ອງຈາກ nevi ສ່ວນໃຫຍ່ບໍ່ກາຍເປັນ melanoma, ມັນມັກຈະບໍ່ແນະນໍາໃຫ້ເອົາພວກມັນອອກເພື່ອປ້ອງກັນ.
Dysplastic nevus, also called atypical or Clark nevus, can be precursor to melanoma, as the observation that 36% of melanomas have dysplastic nevi near the invasive tumor supports. Signs that a dysplastic nevus may have transitioned into a melanoma include asymmetry in contour, a noticeable increase in pigment variations, or a grayish tint indicating regression. These malignancies typically arise at a younger age (mid-thirties), are sometimes multiple, and are often found on the trunk. Molecularly, dysplastic nevi have a profile intermediate between benign nevi and malignant melanoma. While there is a recognized connection between dysplastic nevi and melanoma, it’s crucial to note that only about 20% to 30% of melanomas evolve from preexisting nevi. Given that the majority of dysplastic and typical nevi do not develop into melanoma, preventive removal of melanocytic nevi is not typically advised.
Dysplastic nevus, also called atypical or Clark nevus, can be precursor to melanoma, as the observation that 36% of melanomas have dysplastic nevi near the invasive tumor supports. Signs that a dysplastic nevus may have transitioned into a melanoma include asymmetry in contour, a noticeable increase in pigment variations, or a grayish tint indicating regression. These malignancies typically arise at a younger age (mid-thirties), are sometimes multiple, and are often found on the trunk. Molecularly, dysplastic nevi have a profile intermediate between benign nevi and malignant melanoma. While there is a recognized connection between dysplastic nevi and melanoma, it’s crucial to note that only about 20% to 30% of melanomas evolve from preexisting nevi. Given that the majority of dysplastic and typical nevi do not develop into melanoma, preventive removal of melanocytic nevi is not typically advised.
Melanoma ແມ່ນປະເພດຂອງເນື້ອງອກທີ່ປະກອບໃນເວລາທີ່ melanocytes, ຈຸລັງທີ່ຮັບຜິດຊອບຕໍ່ສີຜິວ, ກາຍເປັນມະເຮັງ. Melanocytes ມີຕົ້ນກໍາເນີດມາຈາກເສັ້ນປະສາດ neural crest. ນີ້ຫມາຍຄວາມວ່າ melanomas ສາມາດພັດທະນາບໍ່ພຽງແຕ່ຢູ່ໃນຜິວຫນັງ, ແຕ່ຍັງຢູ່ໃນພື້ນທີ່ອື່ນໆທີ່ຈຸລັງ neural crest ເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍ, ເຊັ່ນ: ກະເພາະລໍາໄສ້ແລະສະຫມອງ. ອັດຕາການຢູ່ລອດຂອງຄົນເຈັບທີ່ເປັນໂຣກ melanoma ໃນໄລຍະຕົ້ນ (ໄລຍະ 0) ແມ່ນສູງຢູ່ທີ່ 97%, ໃນຂະນະທີ່ມັນຫຼຸດລົງຢ່າງຫຼວງຫຼາຍເຖິງປະມານ 10% ສໍາລັບຜູ້ທີ່ຖືກກວດພົບວ່າເປັນໂຣກກ້າວຫນ້າ (ໄລຍະ IV) .
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
○ ສ່ຽງເປັນມະເຮັງ
ດັ່ງທີ່ເຫັນຢູ່ໃນບຸກຄົນ Caucasian ໃນສະຫະລັດ, ຜູ້ທີ່ມີ dysplastic nevi ມີຄວາມສ່ຽງຕະຫຼອດຊີວິດຂອງການພັດທະນາ melanoma ຫຼາຍກ່ວາ 10%. ໃນທາງກົງກັນຂ້າມ, ຜູ້ທີ່ບໍ່ມີ dysplastic nevus ມີຄວາມສ່ຽງຕໍ່ການພັດທະນາ melanoma ຫນ້ອຍກວ່າ 1%.
○ ຂໍ້ຄວນລະວັງສຳລັບບຸກຄົນທີ່ມີ dysplastic nevi
ການກວດຕົນເອງຕາມຜິວໜັງປົກກະຕິແລ້ວແມ່ນແນະນຳເພື່ອປ້ອງກັນການເກີດເນື້ອງອກ (ໂດຍການລະບຸ nevi atypical ທີ່ສາມາດເອົາອອກໄດ້) ຫຼືເພື່ອກວດຫາເນື້ອງອກທີ່ມີຢູ່ກ່ອນກຳນົດ. ຄົນທີ່ມີປະຫວັດສ່ວນຕົວ ຫຼືຄອບຄົວເປັນມະເຮັງຜິວໜັງ ຫຼືເປັນມະເຮັງຜິວໜັງຫຼາຍຊະນິດຄວນໄປພົບແພດຜິວໜັງຢ່າງໜ້ອຍປີລະຄັ້ງເພື່ອໃຫ້ແນ່ໃຈວ່າເຂົາເຈົ້າບໍ່ເປັນມະເຮັງຜິວໜັງ.
ຕົວຫຍໍ້ [ABCDE] ໄດ້ເປັນປະໂຫຍດສໍາລັບການຊ່ວຍໃຫ້ຜູ້ໃຫ້ບໍລິການດ້ານສຸຂະພາບແລະພະນັກງານຈື່ຈໍາລັກສະນະທີ່ສໍາຄັນຂອງ melanoma. ແຕ່ຫນ້າເສຍດາຍສໍາລັບຄົນໂດຍສະເລ່ຍ, keratoses seborrheic ຫຼາຍ, ບາງ lentigo senilis, ແລະແມ້ກະທັ້ງຕຸ່ມອາດຈະມີລັກສະນະ [ABCDE], ແລະບໍ່ສາມາດຈໍາແນກຈາກ melanoma ໄດ້.
○ [ABCDE]
Asymmetrical: ຜິວໜັງບໍ່ສົມດຸນ.
Border: ຊາຍແດນຂອງ lesion ແມ່ນສະຫມໍ່າສະເຫມີ.
Color: melanomas ປົກກະຕິແລ້ວມີຫຼາຍສີທີ່ບໍ່ສະຫມໍ່າສະເຫມີ.
Diameter: nevi ຫຼາຍກວ່າ 6 ມມ ມັກຈະເປັນ melanomas ຫຼາຍກວ່າ nevi ຂະຫນາດນ້ອຍກວ່າ.
Evolution: ການວິວັດທະນາການ (i.e. ການປ່ຽນແປງ) ຂອງ nevus ຫຼື lesion ອາດຈະຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ lesion ກາຍເປັນ malignant.