Dermatofibroma
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Tipisks Dermatofibroma gadījums ― Ciets mezgliņš uz ekstremitātes. Dermatofibroma ir samērā izplatīts labdabīgs audzējs.
References
Dermatofibroma ir izplatīta ādas slimība, kas galvenokārt sastopama uz rokām vai kājām. Tas parādās kā stingri kunkuļi zem ādas, bieži vien mazāki par 1 centimetru. Lai gan parasti tas ir nesāpīgs, tas var būt saistīts ar agrāk gūtiem nelieliem ievainojumiem, piemēram, kukaiņu kodumiem vai ērkšķu dzēlumiem. Dermatofibromas var skart ikvienu, bet biežāk sastopamas sievietēm vecumā no 20 līdz 40 gadiem. Tās parasti ir labdabīgas, taču dažreiz tās var atjaunoties pēc izņemšanas. Ir svarīgi atšķirt dermatofibromas no agresīvāka ādas audzēja, ko sauc par dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans.
Dermatofibroma is a commonly occurring cutaneous entity usually centered within the skin's dermis. Dermatofibromas are referred to as benign fibrous histiocytomas of the skin, superficial/cutaneous benign fibrous histiocytomas, or common fibrous histiocytoma. These mesenchymal cell lesions of the dermis clinically are firm subcutaneous nodules that occur on the extremities in the vast majority of cases and may or may not be associated with overlying skin changes. They are most commonly asymptomatic and usually relatively small, less than or equal to 1 centimeter in diameter. Often, patients who present with a dermatofibroma relate a history of possibly inciting local trauma at the site, such as from an insect bite or superficial puncture wound from thorns or wood splinters. Dermatofibromas occur in people of all ages, although more commonly during the ages of the 20s to 40s, and develop more frequently in females than males, with as high as a 2:1 female to male predominance according to some reports. They are a benign tumor, although there have been cases of local recurrence, and even more rarely, distant metastases have been reported. When considering the differential diagnosis of these lesions, it is vitally important to distinguish dermatofibromas from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, a similar-appearing but more aggressive cutaneous neoplasm.
Dermatofibroma is a commonly occurring cutaneous entity usually centered within the skin's dermis. Dermatofibromas are referred to as benign fibrous histiocytomas of the skin, superficial/cutaneous benign fibrous histiocytomas, or common fibrous histiocytoma. These mesenchymal cell lesions of the dermis clinically are firm subcutaneous nodules that occur on the extremities in the vast majority of cases and may or may not be associated with overlying skin changes. They are most commonly asymptomatic and usually relatively small, less than or equal to 1 centimeter in diameter. Often, patients who present with a dermatofibroma relate a history of possibly inciting local trauma at the site, such as from an insect bite or superficial puncture wound from thorns or wood splinters. Dermatofibromas occur in people of all ages, although more commonly during the ages of the 20s to 40s, and develop more frequently in females than males, with as high as a 2:1 female to male predominance according to some reports. They are a benign tumor, although there have been cases of local recurrence, and even more rarely, distant metastases have been reported. When considering the differential diagnosis of these lesions, it is vitally important to distinguish dermatofibromas from dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, a similar-appearing but more aggressive cutaneous neoplasm.
Vēlamā ārstēšana lipomas, dermatofibromas, keratoacanthomas, pyogenic granulomas, and epidermoid cysts ir ķirurģiska noņemšana. Cherry angiomas and sebaceous hyperplasia parasti ārstē ar lāzerterapiju vai elektrodesikāciju. Krioterapija un skūšanās izgriešana ir populāra izvēle acrochordons and seborrheic keratoses. Ja ģimenes ārsts jūtas neskaidrs par bojājuma diagnostiku vai ārstēšanu vai biopsija apstiprina melanomu, ieteicams vērsties pie speciālista.
The preferred treatment for lipomas, dermatofibromas, keratoacanthomas, pyogenic granulomas, epidermoid cysts is surgical removal. Cherry angiomas, sebaceous hyperplasia are commonly treated with laser therapy or electrodesiccation. Cryotherapy and shave excision are popular choices for acrochordons, seborrheic keratoses. If a family physician feels uncertain about diagnosing or treating a lesion, or if a biopsy confirms melanoma, referral to a specialist is recommended.
The preferred treatment for lipomas, dermatofibromas, keratoacanthomas, pyogenic granulomas, epidermoid cysts is surgical removal. Cherry angiomas, sebaceous hyperplasia are commonly treated with laser therapy or electrodesiccation. Cryotherapy and shave excision are popular choices for acrochordons, seborrheic keratoses. If a family physician feels uncertain about diagnosing or treating a lesion, or if a biopsy confirms melanoma, referral to a specialist is recommended.
Dermatofibromas var veidoties kā reakcija uz iepriekšējiem ievainojumiem, piemēram, kukaiņu kodumiem vai ērkšķu dūrieniem. Dermatofibromas tiek klasificētas kā labdabīgi ādas bojājumi, kas nozīmē, ka tās ir pilnīgi nekaitīgas, lai gan dermatofibromas var sajaukt ar dažādiem zemādas audzējiem. Dziļi iekļūstošas dermatofibromas var būt grūti atšķirt, pat histoloģiski, no retiem ļaundabīgiem fibrohistocītiskiem audzējiem, piemēram, "dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans".
○ Diagnostika un ārstēšana
Lielākā daļa ir labdabīgi, bet lieliem bojājumiem (> 5 mm) var būt nepieciešama biopsija.
#Dermoscopy
#Skin biopsy