Syphilis - Sifiliss
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Chancres ― primārā sifilīta infekcija ar Treponema pallidum
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ReferencesSifiliss ir seksuāli transmisīva slimība, ko izraisa baktērija Treponema pallidum. Šajā pētījumā koncentrējāmies uz 57 pacientiem, vecumā no 18 līdz 68 gadiem, kuriem bija sekundārā sifilisa forma.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Sifiliss ir bakteriāla infekcija, ko izraisa Treponema pallidum. Tā var atdarināt dažādas slimības, tāpēc tai ir segvārds “great imitator”. Sifiliss joprojām skar miljoniem cilvēku visā pasaulē, taču to var efektīvi ārstēt ar penicilīnu.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Treponema pallidum izraisa sifilisu seksuāla kontakta ceļā vai no mātes uz bērnu grūtniecības laikā. Lai gan diagnostika ir vienkārša, un ārstēšana ar vienu ilgstošas darbības penicilīna injekciju ir efektīva, sifiliss atkal kļūst par nopietnu problēmu visā pasaulē. Īpaši tas skar vīriešus, kuri praktizē seksu ar vīriešiem (MSM), valstīs ar augstiem un vidējiem ienākumiem. Lai gan dažas zemāku ienākumu valstis ir sasniegušas PVO mērķus, lai apturētu sifilisa pārnešanu no mātes uz bērnu, HIV pozitīvo MSM vidū novērots satraucošs sifilisa pieaugums.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
(1) Palielinātas aknas: tas bieži tiek konstatēts un var rasties kopā ar palielinātu liesu. Pārbaudot aknu biopsiju tumšā lauka mikroskopijā, var atklāt spirohetes klātbūtni. Aknu darbības testi var parādīt novirzes no normas. (2) Ādas dzeltēšana (dzelte): tas, vai kādam parādās dzelte, ir atkarīgs no tā, cik daudz ir ietekmētas aknas. (3) Iesnas: bieži viena no pirmajām pazīmēm, parasti pirmajā nedēļā pēc dzimšanas. (4) Pietūkuši limfmezgli: bieži sastopams arī ģeneralizēts limfmezglu pietūkums, parasti nesāpīgs. (5) Izsitumi uz ādas: izsitumi parasti parādās vienu līdz divām nedēļām pēc iesnām. Var novērot mazus sarkanus vai rozā plankumus uz muguras, sēžamvietas, augšstilbiem un pēdu zoli. Šie izsitumi var progresēt līdz lobulācijai un garozas veidošanai.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
○ Diagnostika un ārstēšana
VDRL un RPR testus var izmantot, lai apstiprinātu neseno infekciju un pārbaudītu sifilisu. FTA‑ABS tests ir specifiskāks, un to var izmantot, lai noteiktu iepriekšējo infekcijas vēsturi. Penicillin lieto sifilisa ārstēšanai.