Melasma
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melasma
☆ Tamin'ny valin'ny Stiftung Warentest 2022 avy any Alemaina, ny fahafaham-pon'ny mpanjifa amin'ny ModelDerm dia ambany kely noho ny fifampidinihana telemedicine karama. 

aretina fahita matetika amin'ny vehivavy aziatika eo amin'ny faha-40 taonany izany. Ny fery mihodidina amin'ny sary dia manakaiky kokoa ny lentigo fa tsy melasma.
relevance score : -100.0%
References
Efficacy and Safety of Tranexamic Acid in Melasma: A Meta-analysis and Systematic Review 28374042Tranexamic acid is a novel treatment option for melasma; however, there is no consensus on its use. This systematic review searched major databases for relevant publications to March 2016. Eleven studies with 667 participants were included. Pooled data from tranexamic acid-only observational studies with pre- and post-treatment Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) showed a decrease of 1.60 in MASI after treat?ment with tranexamic acid. The addition of tranexamic acid to routine treatment modalities resulted in a further decrease in MASI of 0.94. These results support the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid, either alone or as an adjuvant to routine treatment modalities for melasma.
The Low-Fluence Q-Switched Nd:YAG Laser Treatment for Melasma: A Systematic Review 35888655 NIH
Vao haingana, lasa malaza amin'ny fitsaboana melasma ny low-fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG (LFQSNY) laser, indrindra any Azia. Sarotra ny mamintina ireo fandalinana isan-karazany, fa ny LFQSNY dia toa mahomby sy azo antoka amin'ny melasma raha oharina amin'ny fitsaboana nentim-paharazana. Na izany aza, ny tranga sasany amin'ny hypopigmentation mottled dia voalaza fa vokatry ny LFQSNY, angamba noho ny angovo laser avo lenta. Ny fampiasana mahery vaika ny LFQSNY dia mety hitarika amin'ny hyperpigmentation avy amin'ny areti-maso, indrindra amin'ny loko mainty hoditra.
Recently, the low-fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (LFQSNY) has been widely used for treating melasma, especially in Asia. It was hard to summarize the heterogenous studies, but LFQSNY appeared to be a generally effective and safe treatment for melasma considering the results of previous conventional therapies. However, mottled hypopigmentation has been occasionally reported to develop and persist as an adverse event of LFQSNY, which may be associated with the high accumulated laser energy. When used aggressively, even LFQSNY can induce hyperpigmentation via unwanted inflammation, especially in darker skin.
Pigmentation Disorders: Diagnosis and Management 29431372Ny olana amin'ny pigmentation dia matetika hita amin'ny fikarakarana voalohany. Ny karazana aretina hyperpigmentation mahazatra dia misy post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, sunspots, freckles, café au lait spots.
Pigmentation problems are often found in primary care. Common types of hyperpigmentation disorders include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, sunspots, freckles, café au lait spots.
Ny melasma dia tsy azo vahana amin'ny fitsaboana laser mandritra ny fe-potoana iray, satria aretina izay miteraka tsy tapaka ny pigment. Ny asidra tranxenemic dia manampy amin'ny fanatsarana ny fampihenana ny pigmentation.
○ Fitsaboana
Any amin'ny firenena sasany (oh: Japon, Korea), azo amidy eny an-tsena ny asidra traneksamika am-bava ary mahomby. Ny crème melasma misy asidra tranexamic sy asidra azelaika dia mety hanampy amin'ny ampahany.
Ny hydroquinone dia azo ampiasaina amin'ny fitsaboana ny hyperpigmentation, fa ny FDA dia nampiato ny vokatra OTC misy hydroquinone tamin'ny taona 2020.
#Tranexamic acid [TRANSINO]
#Laser toning technique (low fluence QS1064 laser)
#Triluma