Ētahi atu korero ― Maori

Ko te Erythema multiforme (EM) he ahuatanga ka puta mai nga waahi rite-rite ki te kiri me nga kiri mucous na runga i nga tauhohenga aukati. Ahakoa he maha nga wa ka puta mai i nga mate viral, ina koa ko te herpes simplex virus (HSV) , etahi rongoa ranei, kare tonu te take i te mohiotia i roto i nga keehi maha. Ko te maimoatanga o te EM whakapeka e aro ana ki te whakangawari i nga tohu ma te whakamahi i nga kirīmi kei roto te steroids, te antihistamines ranei. Ko te whakahaere i te EM auau ka tino whai hua ina whakaritea ki ia turoro. Ko nga huarahi tuatahi ka uru ki nga maimoatanga waha me nga maimoatanga. Kei roto i enei ko nga corticosteroids me nga rongoa antiviral. Ko nga maimoatanga o runga ko nga kirimini steroid kaha me nga rongoa mo nga kiriuhi mucous kua pa. Mo nga turoro e kore e aro ki nga patu patu huaketo, ko nga whiringa rarangi tuarua ko nga raau aukati-mate, nga patu paturopi, anthelmintics, me nga rongoa rongoa.
Erythema multiforme (EM) is an immune-mediated condition that classically presents with discrete targetoid lesions and can involve both mucosal and cutaneous sites. While EM is typically preceded by viral infections, most notably herpes simplex virus (HSV), and certain medications, a large portion of cases are due to an unidentifiable cause. Treatment for acute EM is focused on relieving symptoms with topical steroids or antihistamines. Treatment for recurrent EM is most successful when tailored to individual patients. First line treatment for recurrent EM includes both systemic and topical therapies. Systemic therapies include corticosteroid therapy and antiviral prophylaxis. Topical therapies include high-potency corticosteroids, and antiseptic or anesthetic solutions for mucosal involvement. Second-line therapies for patients who do not respond to antiviral medications include immunosuppressive agents, antibiotics, anthelmintics, and antimalarials

I te nuinga o nga wa, ka ngaro te erythema multiforme ngawari i roto i te 2 ki te 4 wiki. Ko te mate o Stevens-Johnson, he mate kino e pa ana ki nga kiriuhi mucous, ka roa ki te 6 wiki. Ko nga steroids kaore i te nuinga o te wa e taunakihia ana mo nga keehi ngawari. Mena ka whakamahia te steroids mo te erythema multiforme nui kaore i te tino mohio na te mea kaore he kitenga marama mai i nga rangahau matapōkere e tohu ana ko wai nga tamariki ka whai hua mai i tenei maimoatanga.
In most cases, mild erythema multiforme is self-limited and resolves in 2 to 4 weeks. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a serious disease that involves the mucous membranes and lasts up to 6 weeks. There is no indication for using steroids for the mild form. Use of steroids for erythema multiforme major is debatable because no randomized studies clearly indicate which children will benefit from this treatment.

Ka whakaatuhia e matou he keehi o te erythema multiforme (EM) a-waha na te TMP/SMX , e whakaatu ana i nga mate o te waha me te ngutu kaore he mate kiri. E tohu ana tenei me wehe ke atu i etahi atu mate whewhe o te waha. I whiwhi te manawanui i te maimoatanga tohu me nga papa prednisolone, e arahi ana ki te whakapai ake i muri i te whakamutu i te maimoatanga TMP / SMX.
We report a case of oral erythema multiforme (EM) secondary to TMP/SMX that presented with oral and lip ulcerations typical of EM without any skin lesions and highlights the importance of distinguishing them from other ulcerative disorders involving oral cavity. The patient was treated symptomatically and given tablet prednisolone. The condition improved with stoppage of TMP/SMX therapy.

Ko te Erythema multiforme he tauhohenga e pa ana ki te kiri me etahi wa ko te mucosa, na te punaha aukati. I te nuinga o te waa, ka puta he reirangi rite ki te whaainga, ka ahua mokemoke, ka hoki mai, ka mau tonu ranei. I te nuinga o te wa ka pa te hangarite o enei whiu ki nga pito, ina koa ki nga mata o waho. Ko nga take matua ko nga mate penei i te huaketo herpes simplex me te Mycoplasma pneumoniae, tae atu ki etahi rongoa, kano kano mate, me nga mate autoimmune. Ko te wehewehe i te erythema multiforme mai i te urticaria ka whakawhirinaki ki te roanga o nga whiu; erythema multiforme ka mau tonu nga whiu mo nga ra e whitu neke atu, engari ka ngaro nga whiu kirikiri i roto i te ra kotahi. Ahakoa he rite tonu, he mea nui ki te wehe i te erythema multiforme mai i te mate Stevens-Johnson tino kino, e whakaatu ana i nga macules erythematous, purpuric ranei me te opupu. Ko te whakahaere i te erythema multiforme ka uru ki te awhina tohumate me te steroids me te antihistamines me te whakatika i te take. Mo nga keehi e pa ana ki te huaketo herpes simplex, ka tūtohuhia te rongoa antiviral prophylactic. Ko te kaha o te urunga o te mucosal ka mate pea ki te hohipera mo nga wai whakaroto me te whakakapi i te electrolyte.
Erythema multiforme is a reaction involving the skin and sometimes the mucosa, triggered by the immune system. Typically, it manifests as target-like lesions, which may appear isolated, recur, or persist. These lesions usually symmetrically affect the extremities, particularly their outer surfaces. The main causes include infections like herpes simplex virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae, as well as certain medications, immunizations, and autoimmune diseases. Distinguishing erythema multiforme from urticaria relies on the duration of lesions; erythema multiforme lesions remain fixed for at least seven days, while urticarial lesions often vanish within a day. Although similar, it's crucial to differentiate erythema multiforme from the more severe Stevens-Johnson syndrome, which typically presents widespread erythematous or purpuric macules with blisters. Managing erythema multiforme involves symptomatic relief with topical steroids or antihistamines and addressing the underlying cause. For recurrent cases associated with herpes simplex virus, prophylactic antiviral therapy is recommended. Severe mucosal involvement may necessitate hospitalization for intravenous fluids and electrolyte replacement.