Herpes zoster
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Herpes zoster opupu ki te kaki me te pakihiwi
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesHerpes zoster (shingles), na te whakaohooho ano o te varicella‑zoster virus (VZV) te take mo te mate, ka pa ki te 1 miriona tāngata ia tau i te United States, me te 30 %. Ko te hunga e ngoikore ana i te pūnaha ārai ka kaha ake ki te whakawhanake i te pupuhi, me ngā tohu ka tiimata mai i te māuiui, te māuiui o te upoko, me te kirikā ngawari, ka whai i ngā ahuatanga rerekē o te kiri i ētahi rā i mua i te puta mai o te pupuhi. I te nuinga o te wā ka puta ki tētahi wāhi motuhake o te tinana, ka ahu whakamua mai i ngā pupuhi mārama ki ngā tuwhenua kirikiri i roto i te wiki ki te tekau ngā rā. He mea tino nui te māramatanga tere me ngā rongoā patu huaketo (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) i roto i te 72 hāora i muri i te tīmatanga. Ko te postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), he raruraru noa e tohuhia ana e te māuiui roa i te wāhi kua pā, ka pā ki te kotahi i roto i te rima ngā turoro me te whakahaere tonu me ngā rongoā pērā i te gabapentin, pregabalin, ētahi antidepressants rānei, me ngā rāau tāero pērā i te lidocaine me te capsaicin. Ko te werohanga ki te varicella‑zoster virus (VZV) e taunakitia ana mō ngā pakeke 50 tau ki runga ake hei whakaiti i te tūpono o te mate herpes zoster (shingles).
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus responsible for chickenpox, affects around 1 million people annually in the United States, with a lifetime risk of 30%. Those with weakened immune systems are significantly more prone to developing shingles, with symptoms typically starting with malaise, headache, and a mild fever, followed by unusual skin sensations a few days before the appearance of a rash. This rash, usually appearing in a specific area of the body, progresses from clear blisters to crusted sores over a week to ten days. Prompt treatment with antiviral medications (acyclovir, valacyclovir, or famciclovir) within 72 hours of rash onset is crucial. Postherpetic neuralgia, a common complication characterized by prolonged pain in the affected area, affects about one in five patients and requires ongoing management with medications such as gabapentin, pregabalin, or certain antidepressants, along with topical agents like lidocaine or capsaicin. Vaccination against the varicella zoster virus is recommended for adults aged 50 and above to reduce the risk of shingles.
Herpes zoster ka kaha ake te pa ki nga tangata 50 me te pakeke ake, ki te hunga he ngoikore te punaha mate, me te hunga e tango ana i nga rongoa aukati. Na te whakaohooho ano o te varicella‑zoster virus, te huaketo ano e puta ai te mate heihei. Ko nga tohu penei i te kirikaa, te mamae, me te patito ka puta i mua i te ahua o te ponana. Ko te tino raruraru ko te post‑herpetic neuralgia, he mamae tonu o te nerve i muri i te whakakorenga o te ponana. He rereke nga ahuatanga morearea me nga raruraru e pa ana ki te herpes zoster i runga i te pakeke, te hauora aukati, me te wa i timata ai te maimoatanga. Ko te werohanga mo nga taangata 60 me runga ake kua whakaatuhia he tino whakaiti i te puta o te herpes zoster me te post‑herpetic neuralgia. Ko te tiimata i nga rongoa antiviral me nga rongoa mamae i roto i te 72 haora i te tiimata o te pupuhi ka iti ake te kaha me nga raru o te herpes zoster me te post‑herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Herpes zoster tends to occur more frequently in people aged 50 and older, those with weakened immune systems, and those taking immunosuppressant medications. It's triggered by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, the same virus that causes chickenpox. Symptoms like fever, pain, and itching commonly precede the appearance of the characteristic rash. The most common complication is post-herpetic neuralgia, which is persistent nerve pain after the rash clears up. The risk factors and complications associated with herpes zoster vary depending on age, immune health, and timing of treatment initiation. Vaccination for individuals aged 60 and above has been shown to significantly reduce the occurrence of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia. Starting antiviral medications and pain relievers within 72 hours of rash onset can lessen the severity and complications of herpes zoster and post-herpetic neuralgia.
Ko ngā whakamātautau haumanu i mua i te whakaaetanga e tohu ana ko te kārihi (vaccine) herpes zoster e mahi ana i te 50 ki te 70 %, engari he pai ake te mahi a te kārihi (vaccine) recombinant, mai i te 90 ki te 97 %. I roto i ngā rangahau o te ao, kei te tautoko rātou i ngā kitenga o ngā whakamātautau, e whakaatu ana ko te kārihi (vaccine) ora kei te 46 % te whai hua, ko te kārihi (vaccine) recombinant kei te 85 %.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
The pre-licensure clinical trials show the efficacy of the live zoster vaccine to be between 50 and 70% and for the recombinant vaccine to be higher at 90 to 97%. Real-world effectiveness studies, with a follow-up of approximately 10 years, were reviewed in this article. These data corroborated the efficacy studies, with vaccine effectiveness being 46% and 85% for the live and recombinant vaccines, respectively.
Ko te mate heihei, e kiia ana ko te varicella, ka puta mai i te mate tuatahi o te huaketo, te nuinga ka puta i te wa o te tamarikitanga, o te taiohi ranei. Kia ora te mate heihei, ka noho hohekore te wheori (moe) i roto i nga pūtau nerve tangata mo nga tau, tekau tau ranei, katahi ka whakahohe ano. Ka puta te herpes zoster ina whakahohea ano te huaketo varicella moe. Na ka haere te huaketo ma te taha o nga tinana nerve ki nga pito nerve i roto i te kiri, ka puta he pupuhi. I te pakarutanga o te herpes zoster, ko te rongo ki te huaketo varicella i kitea i roto i te herpes zoster opupu ka pa mai te mate heihei ki te tangata kaore ano kia mate heihei.
Ko nga mea morearea mo te whakaohooho ano i te huaketo moe ko te koroheketanga, te ngoikore o te mahi aukati, me te pangia o te heihei i mua i te 18 marama. Ko te huaketo Varicella‑zoster ehara i te rite ki te huaketo herpes simplex, ahakoa no te whanau kotahi o te herpesviruses.
Ko nga kano kano herpes zoster ka whakaiti i te tupono o te herpes zoster ma te 50% ki te 90%. Ka whakahekehia hoki te reiti o te postherpetic neuralgia, a, ki te puta mai te herpes zoster, tona taumahatanga. Mena ka puta te herpes zoster, ka taea e nga rongoa patu huaketo penei i te aciclovir te whakaiti i te kaha me te roa o te mate mena ka timata i roto i te 72 haora i muri i te puta mai o te ponana.
○ Maimoatanga
Mena kei te horapa tere nga whiu, tirohia to taakuta mo te maimoatanga antiviral.
Ko nga raau taero antiviral me nga rongoa neuralgia e hiahiatia ana. Me okioki koe ka mutu te inu waipiro.
#Acyclovir
#Famciclovir (famciclovir)
#Valacyclovir
#Gabapentin
#Pregabalin