Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
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He kohungahunga whai Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome
References
Ko te Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome he ahua ka heke te kiri na te paitini i mahia e etahi momo huakita Staphylococcus. Kare noa iho i roto i nga tamariki kei runga i te ono. Ka taea hoki te pa ki nga pakeke kua ngoikore te punaha raupatu, he raru nui ranei nga whatukuhu. Ko te mea nui ko te tihorea o te kiri i muri i te mumura. Ko te taumahatanga mai i te paku opupu ki te mate kiri whanui, tera pea ka paheke te pāmahana tinana me te koretake o te pehanga toto.
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome is a disease characterized by denudation of the skin caused by exotoxin producing strains of the Staphylococcus species, typically from a distant site. It usually presents 48 hours after birth and is rare in children older than six years. It may also present in immunocompromised adults or those with severe renal disease. The disorder is characterized by significant exfoliation of skin following cellulitis. The severity may vary from a few blisters to system exfoliation leading to marked hypothermia and hemodynamic instability.
Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome is a disease characterized by denudation of the skin caused by exotoxin producing strains of the Staphylococcus species, typically from a distant site. It usually presents 48 hours after birth and is rare in children older than six years. It may also present in immunocompromised adults or those with severe renal disease. The disorder is characterized by significant exfoliation of skin following cellulitis. The severity may vary from a few blisters to system exfoliation leading to marked hypothermia and hemodynamic instability.
Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) and bullous impetigo are infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Bullous impetigo is due to the local release of these toxins and thus, often presents with localized skin findings, whereas SSSS is from the systemic spread of these toxins, resulting in a more generalized rash and severe presentation. Both conditions are treated with antibiotics that target S. aureus. These conditions can sometimes be confused with other conditions that result in superficial blistering.
I uru mai tetahi tamaiti 10 marama te pakeke me te ihu e rere ana te ihu kare e kai pai. I kii nga taakuta he mate rewharewha o runga. E rua nga ra i muri mai, ka hoki mai ano ia na te mea kare ano ia i pai, ka pa he raru hou penei i te tetere o te kanohi me te kiri irirangi i te waha. I nga ra e rua i muri mai, ka kino haere te tamaiti. Ka pupuhi ona ringa me ona waewae, ka timata te ahua o tona kiri. I te hokinga mai ki te hōhipera, ka kitea e nga taote he kiri whero i runga i tona mata me nga kopa o tona kiri, ka ngongo ina pa ana. I whakatauhia e ratou he staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) ka timata ia ki te paturopi ma te uaua.
A 10-month-old male presented with rhinorrhea and decreased oral intake and was diagnosed with an upper respiratory infection. Two days later, he returned to the clinic due to a lack of improvement and the onset of new symptoms, including facial edema and perioral skin irritation. That evening, he became febrile at 100.4 °F and went to the emergency department at the local children's hospital. No further workup was done and the parents were instructed to continue with the current treatment regimen. Over the next 48 hours, the patient's symptoms worsened with the new onset of bilateral extremity edema and desquamation. The patient was returned to the emergency department. A physical exam was notable for a blanching, desquamating, erythematous rash on the face and creases of the arms, legs, and groin. A positive Nikolsky sign was reported. A clinical diagnosis of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) was made, and the patient was started on intravenous clindamycin. This case illustrates a severe presentation of SSSS in a pediatric patient, demonstrating the challenges it poses to diagnosis and treatment.
A 10-month-old male presented with rhinorrhea and decreased oral intake and was diagnosed with an upper respiratory infection. Two days later, he returned to the clinic due to a lack of improvement and the onset of new symptoms, including facial edema and perioral skin irritation. That evening, he became febrile at 100.4 °F and went to the emergency department at the local children's hospital. No further workup was done and the parents were instructed to continue with the current treatment regimen. Over the next 48 hours, the patient's symptoms worsened with the new onset of bilateral extremity edema and desquamation. The patient was returned to the emergency department. A physical exam was notable for a blanching, desquamating, erythematous rash on the face and creases of the arms, legs, and groin. A positive Nikolsky sign was reported. A clinical diagnosis of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome (SSSS) was made, and the patient was started on intravenous clindamycin. This case illustrates a severe presentation of SSSS in a pediatric patient, demonstrating the challenges it poses to diagnosis and treatment.
I puta mai tetahi kotiro 2-tau-tau me te ponana i tona tinana katoa kua neke ake i te 48 haora, whai muri i nga ngau ngarara ki tona mata i te ra i mua. I te wa e tirotirohia ana, kua horapa nui ia i nga puku iti ka hanumi, a ka mirimiri ngawari, ka kitea nga tohu o Nikolsky i tona kiri. Karekau he tohu o te ponana e pa ana ki ona kiriuhi mucous. Ko nga whakamatautau i runga i ona toto kaore he tohu o te mate.
A 2-year-old girl presented a generalised rash with 48 h of evolution, in the context of insect bites on the face on the day before. At observation, she had a generalised micropapular rash with confluent areas and Nikolsky sign. There was no mucosal area affected. Blood cultures were negative.
A 2-year-old girl presented a generalised rash with 48 h of evolution, in the context of insect bites on the face on the day before. At observation, she had a generalised micropapular rash with confluent areas and Nikolsky sign. There was no mucosal area affected. Blood cultures were negative.
Ko te mate ka whakaawehia e te epidermolytic exotoxins (exfoliatin) A me B, ka tukuna e S. aureus. He tino pai te matapaetanga o te staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome i roto i nga tamariki, me te whakatau katoa i roto i nga ra 10 o te maimoatanga, me te kore he marumaru nui. Heoi ano, me ata wehe te staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome mai i te necrolysis epidermal paitini, he kino te matapaetanga.
○ Taatari me te Maimoatanga
Ko te he o te taatutanga he mate hakihaki penei i te mate o te mate, me te tono o te hinu steroid ka kaha ake nga whiu. Tena koa rapu wawe i te rongoa i te wa e tono ana i te hinu paturopi.
#Bacitracin
#First-generation cephalosporins (e.g. Cefradine)
#Bacterial culture
#Third-generation cephalosporins (e.g. Cefditoren Pivoxil)