Maklumat lanjut ― Melayu

Acanthosis nigricans ialah manifestasi kutaneus keadaan asas. Ia sering muncul pada lipatan kulit seperti leher, ketiak dan pangkal paha, kelihatan seperti tompok gelap baldu dengan tepi yang tidak jelas. Keadaan ini biasanya dikaitkan dengan diabetes dan rintangan insulin, tetapi dalam kes yang jarang berlaku, ia boleh menunjukkan kanser di dalam badan. Ia juga mungkin muncul disebabkan oleh masalah hormon atau daripada mengambil ubat tertentu seperti steroid dan pil perancang.
Acanthosis nigricans is a cutaneous manifestation of an underlying condition. It usually develops in skin folds, such as the back of the neck, axilla, and groin, where it presents as velvety hyper-pigmented patches with poorly defined borders. Acanthosis nigricans is most commonly associated with diabetes and insulin resistance, but rarely it can be a sign of internal malignancy. It can also occur with hormone disorders or with the use of certain medications like systemic glucocorticoids and oral contraceptives.

Acanthosis nigricans (AN) ialah keadaan kulit biasa yang dikaitkan dengan pelbagai isu kesihatan seperti rintangan insulin, diabetes, obesiti, kanser tertentu, masalah hormon dan tindak balas terhadap ubat-ubatan. Merawat AN memberi tumpuan kepada menangani masalah kesihatan yang mendasari. Pada mulanya, doktor memeriksa tanda-tanda sindrom rintangan insulin, yang termasuk obesiti, kolesterol tinggi, tekanan darah tinggi dan diabetes jenis 2. Doktor sering menetapkan topical retinoids sebagai pilihan rawatan pertama, yang boleh membantu dengan penebalan kulit. Walau bagaimanapun, mereka mungkin tidak menangani kegelapan kulit sepenuhnya. Pilihan rawatan lain seperti salicylic acid, podophyllin, urea, and calcipotriol juga memerlukan penggunaan yang kerap.
Acanthosis nigricans (AN) is a common dermatologic manifestation of systemic disease that is associated with insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus, obesity, internal malignancy, endocrine disorders, and drug reactions. Treatment of AN primarily focuses on resolution of the underlying disease processes causing the velvety, hyperpigmented, hyperkeratotic plaques found on the skin. Initial considerations for the AN workup include evaluating patients for insulin resistance syndrome characterized by obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus type II. For cosmetic treatment, topical retinoids are considered the first-line therapy for insulin-resistant AN by modifying keratinization rate. However, topical tretinoin requires application for long durations and improves hyperkeratosis, but not hyperpigmentation. Topical salicylic acid, podophyllin, urea, and calcipotriol also require frequent application, while TCA peels may provide a faster and less time-intense burden.