Angiofibroma
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References
Cutaneous angiofibromas boleh muncul di pelbagai bahagian badan. Di muka, mereka sering dikenali sebagai papula berserabut atau adenoma sebaceum; pada zakar, mereka dipanggil pearly penile papules ; di bawah kuku, ia dipanggil angiofibroma periungual atau tumor Koenen; dan di dalam mulut, ia dirujuk sebagai fibroma mulut. Angiofibroma muka ialah ciri utama tuberous sclerosis (TS) , gangguan yang diwarisi yang menjejaskan kulit, buah pinggang, jantung, otak dan paru-paru. Mereka biasanya berkembang di muka semasa zaman kanak-kanak atau awal dewasa pada individu dengan TS. Mempunyai tiga atau lebih angiofibroma muka atau dua atau lebih angiofibroma periungual dianggap penting dalam mendiagnosis TS. Selain itu, pelbagai angiofibroma muka mungkin terdapat dalam keadaan (multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) dan Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome) . Pearly penile papules terdapat di sepanjang tepi koronal dan sulkus zakar. Ia adalah benjolan yang berterusan dan tidak menyakitkan yang lebih biasa dilihat pada lelaki yang tidak berkhatan.
Cutaneous angiofibromas can be located on different areas of the body including the face where they are commonly called fibrous papules or adenoma sebaceum on the penis where they are called pearly penile papules, underneath the nail where they are called periungual angiofibromas or Koenen tumors, and in the mouth where they are called oral fibromas. Facial angiofibromas are considered one of the most obvious clinical presentations of tuberous sclerosis (TS), an autosomal dominant hamartomatous disorder that affects the skin, kidneys, heart, brain, and lungs. With TS, angiofibromas typically arise on the face in childhood and early adulthood. Both facial angiofibromas (greater than or equal to 3 needed) and periungual angiofibroma (greater than or equal to 2 needed) are 2 of the major criteria for TS. Multiple facial angiofibromas are also found in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) and Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome. Pearly penile papules are chronic, asymptomatic, papules found on the coronal margin and sulcus of the penis. They are more common in uncircumcised men.
Cutaneous angiofibromas can be located on different areas of the body including the face where they are commonly called fibrous papules or adenoma sebaceum on the penis where they are called pearly penile papules, underneath the nail where they are called periungual angiofibromas or Koenen tumors, and in the mouth where they are called oral fibromas. Facial angiofibromas are considered one of the most obvious clinical presentations of tuberous sclerosis (TS), an autosomal dominant hamartomatous disorder that affects the skin, kidneys, heart, brain, and lungs. With TS, angiofibromas typically arise on the face in childhood and early adulthood. Both facial angiofibromas (greater than or equal to 3 needed) and periungual angiofibroma (greater than or equal to 2 needed) are 2 of the major criteria for TS. Multiple facial angiofibromas are also found in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN-1) and Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome. Pearly penile papules are chronic, asymptomatic, papules found on the coronal margin and sulcus of the penis. They are more common in uncircumcised men.
1) muka
Fibrous papule
2) zakar
Pearly penile papule
3) di bawah kuku atau kuku kaki
Periungual angiofibroma