Fifth disease - Penyakit Kelima
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16 bulan dengan Penyakit Kelima (Fifth disease) ― Kedua-dua pipi menjadi merah, seperti ditampar, dan ruam makulopapular muncul pada badan.
Eritema pada kedua-dua pipi.
References
Fifth disease , juga dikenali sebagai erythema infectiosum, ialah jangkitan virus yang disebabkan oleh parvovirus B19 manusia. Ia lebih kerap berlaku pada kanak-kanak, biasanya memberi kesan kepada mereka yang berumur antara 4 hingga 14 tahun. Gejala selalunya bermula dengan demam ringan, sakit kepala, sakit tekak, dan perasaan seperti selesema. Kanak-kanak mungkin mengalami ruam merah yang berbeza pada muka yang menyerupai slapped cheeks , bersama-sama dengan ruam bercorak pada badan, lengan dan kaki. Pada orang dewasa, sakit sendi adalah aduan biasa, yang mungkin muncul beberapa minggu selepas jangkitan awal. Terutama, sekitar 20 hingga 30% orang dewasa yang dijangkiti parvovirus B19 mungkin tidak menunjukkan sebarang gejala.
Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum) is a viral infection caused by human parvovirus B19. It is more common in children than adults and usually affects children ages 4 to 14. The disease often starts with mild fever, headache, sore throat, and other flu-like symptoms. Children can also develop a bright red rash on the face that looks like “slapped cheeks”, along with a lacy or bumpy rash on the body, arms, and legs. In adults, joint aches are a common symptom. Rash and joint symptoms may develop several weeks after infection. About 20 to 30% of adults who are infected with parvovirus B19 will not have symptoms.
Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum) is a viral infection caused by human parvovirus B19. It is more common in children than adults and usually affects children ages 4 to 14. The disease often starts with mild fever, headache, sore throat, and other flu-like symptoms. Children can also develop a bright red rash on the face that looks like “slapped cheeks”, along with a lacy or bumpy rash on the body, arms, and legs. In adults, joint aches are a common symptom. Rash and joint symptoms may develop several weeks after infection. About 20 to 30% of adults who are infected with parvovirus B19 will not have symptoms.
Risiko pemindahan parvovirus B19 daripada ibu kepada bayi adalah sekitar 33%, dengan kira-kira 3% wanita yang dijangkiti mengalami komplikasi pada bayi mereka. Apabila ibu dijangkiti sebelum 20 minggu kehamilan, kemungkinan komplikasi seperti masalah darah dan pengumpulan cecair dalam badan bayi meningkat. Untuk mula menguruskan penyakit ini, kita harus menyemak sama ada pesakit pernah terdedah kepada parvovirus dengan menguji antibodi (IgM) tertentu. Jika ujian tidak menunjukkan pendedahan lalu tetapi menunjukkan jangkitan baru-baru ini, pesakit memerlukan pemantauan rapi semasa kehamilan, termasuk imbasan ultrasound biasa untuk memeriksa masalah kesihatan bayi tertentu.
The rate of vertical transmission during maternal parvovirus B19 infection is estimated at 33%, with fetal complications occurring in 3% of infected women. Fetal complications comprising hemolysis, anemia, and nonimmune hydrops fetalis and fetal loss are more frequent when maternal infection occurs before 20 weeks of gestation. The first step in the management of this patient would be to obtain immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG titres against parvovirus to evaluate if the patient has had previous immunity against the disease. If results are negative for IgG but positive for IgM (ie, primary infection), this patient would need close obstetrical monitoring for the following weeks, including serial ultrasounds to rule out fetal anemia and hydrops fetalis.
The rate of vertical transmission during maternal parvovirus B19 infection is estimated at 33%, with fetal complications occurring in 3% of infected women. Fetal complications comprising hemolysis, anemia, and nonimmune hydrops fetalis and fetal loss are more frequent when maternal infection occurs before 20 weeks of gestation. The first step in the management of this patient would be to obtain immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG titres against parvovirus to evaluate if the patient has had previous immunity against the disease. If results are negative for IgG but positive for IgM (ie, primary infection), this patient would need close obstetrical monitoring for the following weeks, including serial ultrasounds to rule out fetal anemia and hydrops fetalis.
penyakit kelima (fifth disease) bermula dengan demam rendah, sakit kepala, ruam dan simptom seperti selsema, seperti hidung berair atau tersumbat. Gejala ini berlalu, kemudian beberapa hari kemudian, ruam muncul. Ruam merah terang paling kerap muncul di muka, terutamanya pipi. (maka nama "penyakit pipi ditampar"). Selain pipi merah, kanak-kanak sering mengalami ruam merah pada seluruh badan, dengan bahagian atas lengan, badan dan kaki menjadi lokasi yang paling biasa.
Penyakit ini biasanya ringan, tetapi pada wanita hamil, jangkitan pada trimester pertama telah dikaitkan dengan hidrops fetalis, menyebabkan keguguran spontan.
○ Rawatan
Tiada rawatan khusus diperlukan kerana ia biasanya bertambah baik dari semasa ke semasa.