Melasma
☆ Dalam keputusan Stiftung Warentest 2022 dari Jerman, kepuasan pengguna terhadap ModelDerm hanya lebih rendah sedikit berbanding dengan perundingan teleperubatan berbayar.
Ia adalah keadaan biasa yang diperhatikan pada wanita Asia pada awal 40-an. Lesi yang dibulatkan dalam foto lebih dekat dengan lentigo daripada melasma.
References
Tranexamic acid is a novel treatment option for melasma; however, there is no consensus on its use. This systematic review searched major databases for relevant publications to March 2016. Eleven studies with 667 participants were included. Pooled data from tranexamic acid-only observational studies with pre- and post-treatment Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) showed a decrease of 1.60 in MASI after treat?ment with tranexamic acid. The addition of tranexamic acid to routine treatment modalities resulted in a further decrease in MASI of 0.94. These results support the efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid, either alone or as an adjuvant to routine treatment modalities for melasma.
Baru-baru ini, low-fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG (LFQSNY) laser telah menjadi popular untuk merawat melasma, terutamanya di Asia. Merumuskan pelbagai kajian adalah mencabar, tetapi LFQSNY nampaknya secara amnya berkesan dan selamat untuk melasma berbanding terapi tradisional. Walau bagaimanapun, beberapa kes hipopigmentasi berbintik telah dilaporkan sebagai kesan sampingan LFQSNY, mungkin disebabkan oleh tenaga laser yang tinggi. Penggunaan LFQSNY secara agresif juga boleh menyebabkan hiperpigmentasi daripada keradangan, terutamanya dalam warna kulit yang lebih gelap.
Recently, the low-fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (LFQSNY) has been widely used for treating melasma, especially in Asia. It was hard to summarize the heterogenous studies, but LFQSNY appeared to be a generally effective and safe treatment for melasma considering the results of previous conventional therapies. However, mottled hypopigmentation has been occasionally reported to develop and persist as an adverse event of LFQSNY, which may be associated with the high accumulated laser energy. When used aggressively, even LFQSNY can induce hyperpigmentation via unwanted inflammation, especially in darker skin.
Recently, the low-fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG laser (LFQSNY) has been widely used for treating melasma, especially in Asia. It was hard to summarize the heterogenous studies, but LFQSNY appeared to be a generally effective and safe treatment for melasma considering the results of previous conventional therapies. However, mottled hypopigmentation has been occasionally reported to develop and persist as an adverse event of LFQSNY, which may be associated with the high accumulated laser energy. When used aggressively, even LFQSNY can induce hyperpigmentation via unwanted inflammation, especially in darker skin.
Masalah pigmentasi sering dijumpai dalam penjagaan primer. Jenis gangguan hiperpigmentasi yang biasa termasuk post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, sunspots, freckles, and café au lait spots.
Pigmentation problems are often found in primary care. Common types of hyperpigmentation disorders include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, sunspots, freckles, café au lait spots.
Pigmentation problems are often found in primary care. Common types of hyperpigmentation disorders include post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, melasma, sunspots, freckles, café au lait spots.
Melasma tidak boleh diselesaikan dengan rawatan laser untuk jangka masa tertentu, kerana ia adalah penyakit di mana pigmen dihasilkan secara berterusan. Asid tranxenemic membantu memperbaiki untuk mengurangkan pigmentasi.
○ Rawatan
Di sesetengah negara (cth. Jepun, Korea), asid traneksamat oral boleh didapati di kaunter dan berkesan. Krim melasma dengan asid traneksamik dan asid azelaik mungkin sebahagiannya membantu.
Hidrokuinon boleh digunakan secara topikal untuk rawatan hiperpigmentasi, tetapi FDA menghentikan produk OTC yang mengandungi hidrokuinon pada 2020.
#Tranexamic acid [TRANSINO]
#Laser toning technique (low fluence QS1064 laser)
#Triluma