Onychomycosis - Kulat Kuku Jari Kaki
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Kuku kaki terjejas oleh Kulat Kuku Jari Kaki (Onychomycosis)
Kaki seseorang dengan jangkitan kuku kulat sepuluh minggu ke dalam kursus ubat oral terbinafine. Perhatikan jalur pertumbuhan kuku yang sihat di belakang kuku yang dijangkiti.
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesAntikulat sistemik adalah rawatan yang paling berkesan. Meta-analisis menunjukkan kadar penyembuhan mikotik seperti berikut: terbinafine = 76 %, itraconazole dengan dos pulsi = 63 %, itraconazole dengan dos berterusan = 59 %, fluconazole = 48 %. Debridemen kuku secara serentak meningkatkan lagi kadar penyembuhan. Terapi topikal dengan ciclopirox kurang berkesan; ia mempunyai kadar kegagalan melebihi 60 %.
Systemic antifungals are the most effective treatment. Meta-analyses shows mycotic cure rates as follows: terbinafine = 76%, itraconazole with pulse dosing = 63%, itraconazole with continuous dosing = 59%, fluconazole =48%. Concomitant nail debridement further increases cure rates. Topical therapy with ciclopirox is less effective; it has a failure rate exceeding 60%.
Systemic antifungals are the most effective treatment. Meta-analyses shows mycotic cure rates as follows: terbinafine = 76%, itraconazole with pulse dosing = 63%, itraconazole with continuous dosing = 59%, fluconazole =48%. Concomitant nail debridement further increases cure rates. Topical therapy with ciclopirox is less effective; it has a failure rate exceeding 60%.
Onikomikosis ialah jangkitan kulat yang menjejaskan kuku. Apabila disebabkan oleh dermatofit, ia dikenali sebagai tinea unguium. Onikomikosis meliputi jangkitan yang disebabkan oleh dermatofit, yis, dan acuan. Masalah kuku yang bukan disebabkan oleh kulat dipanggil nail dystrophy. Walaupun ia boleh menjejaskan kedua‑dua kuku tangan dan kaki, onikomikosis pada kuku kaki lebih kerap berlaku. Artikel ini membincangkan pelbagai aspek onikomikosis kuku kaki, termasuk kesan, jenis klinikal, peringkat, diagnosis, dan rawatan. Walaupun tidak mengancam nyawa, onikomikosis boleh mendatangkan komplikasi serius seperti selulitis, sepsis, jangkitan tulang, kerosakan tisu, dan kehilangan kuku.
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit. When dermatophytes cause onychomycosis, this condition is called tinea unguium. The term onychomycosis encompasses the dermatophytes, yeasts, and saprophytic mold infections. An abnormal nail not caused by a fungal infection is a dystrophic nail. Onychomycosis can infect both fingernails and toenails, but onychomycosis of the toenail is much more prevalent. Discussed in detail in this activity are all evolving facets of the topic, including disease burden, clinical types, staging, diagnosis, and management of toenail onychomycosis. While non-life-threatening, onychomycosis can lead to severe complications such as cellulitis, sepsis, osteomyelitis, tissue damage, and nail loss.
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit. When dermatophytes cause onychomycosis, this condition is called tinea unguium. The term onychomycosis encompasses the dermatophytes, yeasts, and saprophytic mold infections. An abnormal nail not caused by a fungal infection is a dystrophic nail. Onychomycosis can infect both fingernails and toenails, but onychomycosis of the toenail is much more prevalent. Discussed in detail in this activity are all evolving facets of the topic, including disease burden, clinical types, staging, diagnosis, and management of toenail onychomycosis. While non-life-threatening, onychomycosis can lead to severe complications such as cellulitis, sepsis, osteomyelitis, tissue damage, and nail loss.
Terbinafine ialah ubat yang melawan jangkitan kulat dengan menyekat squalene epoxidase. Ia berkesan terhadap pelbagai jenis kulat kulit dan diluluskan untuk merawat kulat kuku apabila diambil secara lisan. Walaupun kebanyakan kesan sampingan, seperti sakit kepala dan masalah perut, adalah ringan dan hilang dengan sendirinya, perubahan rasa (dysgeusia) boleh berbeza-beza dari ringan hingga teruk, kadangkala membawa kepada penurunan berat badan. Perubahan rasa yang kekal jarang berlaku tetapi telah dilaporkan.
Terbinafine is an antifungal medication that works through the inhibition of squalene epoxidase. It has activity against most dermatophytes, and it has approval for use as an oral therapy for the treatment of onychomycosis. Although most side effects are mild and self-limited, such as headache and gastrointestinal symptoms, taste disturbances (dysgeusia) can range from mild to severe, resulting in weight loss, and have rarely been reported permanent.
Terbinafine is an antifungal medication that works through the inhibition of squalene epoxidase. It has activity against most dermatophytes, and it has approval for use as an oral therapy for the treatment of onychomycosis. Although most side effects are mild and self-limited, such as headache and gastrointestinal symptoms, taste disturbances (dysgeusia) can range from mild to severe, resulting in weight loss, and have rarely been reported permanent.
Onikomikosis adalah jangkitan kulat yang menjejaskan kuku. Sekitar 90 % jangkitan pada kuku jari kaki dan 75 % jangkitan pada kuku disebabkan oleh kulat (Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum). Gejalanya termasuk perubahan warna kuku, penebalan, pemisahan dari dasar kuku, dan pertumbuhan berlebihan. Rawatan biasanya melibatkan ubat oral seperti terbinafine atau itraconazole, manakala rawatan topikal dipilih untuk kes ringan hingga sederhana.
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit. Approximately 90% of toenail and 75% of fingernail onychomycosis are caused by dermatophytes, notably Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum. Clinical manifestations include discoloration of the nail, subungual hyperkeratosis, onycholysis, and onychauxis. Currently, oral terbinafine is the treatment of choice, followed by oral itraconazole. In general, topical monotherapy can be considered for mild to moderate onychomycosis.
Onychomycosis is a fungal infection of the nail unit. Approximately 90% of toenail and 75% of fingernail onychomycosis are caused by dermatophytes, notably Trichophyton mentagrophytes and Trichophyton rubrum. Clinical manifestations include discoloration of the nail, subungual hyperkeratosis, onycholysis, and onychauxis. Currently, oral terbinafine is the treatment of choice, followed by oral itraconazole. In general, topical monotherapy can be considered for mild to moderate onychomycosis.
Ubat antikulat terbinafine yang diambil secara oral nampaknya paling berkesan, tetapi terbinafine dikaitkan dengan kesan sampingan pada hati.
Kulat kuku jari kaki (Onychomycosis) berlaku pada kira-kira 10 % populasi dewasa, dengan orang tua lebih kerap terjejas. Lelaki lebih kerap terkena berbanding perempuan. Kulat kuku jari kaki (Onychomycosis) mewakili kira-kira separuh daripada semua penyakit kuku, yang bermakna kecacatan kuku jari kaki juga boleh berpunca daripada punca selain onikomikosis.
○ Rawatan – Ubat OTC
Sukar untuk merawat onikomikosis dengan ubat topikal kerana sukar bagi ubat menembusi kuku kaki yang menebal.
#Ketoconazole
#Clotrimazole
#Miconazole
#Terbinafine
#Butenafine [Lotrimin]
#Tolnaftate
○ Rawatan
Rawatan jangka panjang biasanya diperlukan sehingga kuku jari kaki yang dijangkiti dikeluarkan sepenuhnya.
#Terbinafine (oral)
#Itraconazole
#Efinaconazole lacquer [Jublia]
#Ciclopirox lacquer