Poikiloderma
Poikiloderma ialah keadaan kulit yang melibatkan kawasan hipopigmentasi, hiperpigmentasi, telangiektasis, dan atrofi. Poikiloderma paling kerap dijumpai pada dada atau leher, dan dicirikan oleh pigmen berwarna merah pada kulit yang biasanya berkaitan dengan kerosakan akibat sinar matahari.
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ReferencesPoikiloderma of Civatte ialah keadaan kulit biasa yang muncul terutamanya pada leher dan muka, khususnya pada wanita berkulit cerah yang berada dalam fasa menopause. Ia kelihatan sebagai campuran garis merah, bintik gelap, dan kulit nipis. Lazimnya, ia menjejaki kawasan yang terdedah kepada matahari seperti muka, leher, dan dada, tetapi tidak melibatkan kawasan yang terlindung. Poikiloderma of Civatte boleh dikategorikan mengikut ciri utamanya: kemerahan, bintik gelap, atau gabungan kedua‑duanya. Punca sebenar belum difahami sepenuhnya, tetapi faktor seperti pendedahan kepada matahari, perubahan hormon, tindak balas terhadap minyak wangi atau kosmetik, serta proses penuaan dianggap memainkan peranan. Poikiloderma of Civatte cenderung bertambah teruk dari semasa ke semasa.
Poikiloderma of Civatte (PC) is a rather common benign dermatosis of the neck and face, mainly affecting fair-skinned individuals, especially postmenopausal females. It is characterized by a combination of a reticular pattern of linear telangiectasia, mottled hyperpigmentation and superficial atrophy. Clinically, it involves symmetrically sun-exposed areas of the face, the neck, and the V-shaped area of the chest, invariably sparing the anatomically shaded areas. Depending on the prevalent clinical feature, PC can be classified into erythemato-telangiectatic, pigmented, and mixed clinical types. The etiopathogenesis of PC is incompletely understood. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation, hormonal changes of menopause, contact sensitization to perfumes and cosmetics, and normal ageing have been incriminated. The diagnosis is usually clinical and can be confirmed by histology, which is characteristic, but not pathognomonic. The course is slowly progressive and irreversible, often causing significant cosmetic disfigurement.
Poikiloderma of Civatte (PC) is a rather common benign dermatosis of the neck and face, mainly affecting fair-skinned individuals, especially postmenopausal females. It is characterized by a combination of a reticular pattern of linear telangiectasia, mottled hyperpigmentation and superficial atrophy. Clinically, it involves symmetrically sun-exposed areas of the face, the neck, and the V-shaped area of the chest, invariably sparing the anatomically shaded areas. Depending on the prevalent clinical feature, PC can be classified into erythemato-telangiectatic, pigmented, and mixed clinical types. The etiopathogenesis of PC is incompletely understood. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation, hormonal changes of menopause, contact sensitization to perfumes and cosmetics, and normal ageing have been incriminated. The diagnosis is usually clinical and can be confirmed by histology, which is characteristic, but not pathognomonic. The course is slowly progressive and irreversible, often causing significant cosmetic disfigurement.
