Dysplastic nevus - डिस्प्लास्टिक नेभस
☆ जर्मनीबाट 2022 Stiftung Warentest नतिजाहरूमा, ModelDerm सँग उपभोक्ता सन्तुष्टि सशुल्क टेलिमेडिसिन परामर्शको तुलनामा थोरै मात्र थियो।
Dysplastic nevi ― पश्चिमीहरूका लागि बायोप्सी सिफारिस गरिन्छ।
References
Dysplastic nevus , एक atypical वा Clarks nevus को रूपमा पनि चिनिन्छ, dermatology र dermatopathology मा बहस छेडेको छ। डाक्टरहरूले प्रायः यी तिलहरूको बायोप्सी गर्छन् किनभने तिनीहरू असामान्य देखिन सक्छन् र मेलानोमाको बारेमा चिन्ता बढाउन सक्छन्।
A dysplastic nevus is also referred to as an atypical or Clarks nevus and has been the topic of much debate in the fields of dermatology and dermatopathology. It is an acquired mole demonstrating a unique clinical and histopathologic appearance that sets it apart from the common nevus. These moles appear atypical clinically, often with a fried-egg appearance, and are commonly biopsied by providers due to the concern for melanoma.
A dysplastic nevus is also referred to as an atypical or Clarks nevus and has been the topic of much debate in the fields of dermatology and dermatopathology. It is an acquired mole demonstrating a unique clinical and histopathologic appearance that sets it apart from the common nevus. These moles appear atypical clinically, often with a fried-egg appearance, and are commonly biopsied by providers due to the concern for melanoma.
Dysplastic nevi , जसलाई atypical वा Clark nevi पनि भनिन्छ, कहिलेकाहीं मेलानोमा हुन सक्छ। लगभग 36% मेलानोमा डिस्प्लास्टिक नेभीको नजिक पाइन्छ। डिस्प्लास्टिक नेभस मेलानोमामा परिणत हुनसक्ने संकेतहरूमा असमान आकार, अधिक वर्णक परिवर्तन, वा खैरो रङ समावेश हुन्छ। यी क्यान्सरहरू सामान्यतया सानो उमेरमा (मध्य तीस वर्षको वरिपरि) हुन्छ, धेरै हुन सक्छ, र प्रायः ट्रंकमा हुन्छन्। आनुवंशिक रूपमा, dysplastic nevi बेनाइन नेभी र मेलानोमा बीचमा छन्। यद्यपि, 20% देखि 30% मात्र मेलानोमाहरू अवस्थित nevi बाट आउँछन्। धेरैजसो नेभीहरू मेलानोमा बन्दैनन्, यसलाई सामान्यतया रोकथामका रूपमा हटाउन सिफारिस गरिँदैन।
Dysplastic nevus, also called atypical or Clark nevus, can be precursor to melanoma, as the observation that 36% of melanomas have dysplastic nevi near the invasive tumor supports. Signs that a dysplastic nevus may have transitioned into a melanoma include asymmetry in contour, a noticeable increase in pigment variations, or a grayish tint indicating regression. These malignancies typically arise at a younger age (mid-thirties), are sometimes multiple, and are often found on the trunk. Molecularly, dysplastic nevi have a profile intermediate between benign nevi and malignant melanoma. While there is a recognized connection between dysplastic nevi and melanoma, it’s crucial to note that only about 20% to 30% of melanomas evolve from preexisting nevi. Given that the majority of dysplastic and typical nevi do not develop into melanoma, preventive removal of melanocytic nevi is not typically advised.
Dysplastic nevus, also called atypical or Clark nevus, can be precursor to melanoma, as the observation that 36% of melanomas have dysplastic nevi near the invasive tumor supports. Signs that a dysplastic nevus may have transitioned into a melanoma include asymmetry in contour, a noticeable increase in pigment variations, or a grayish tint indicating regression. These malignancies typically arise at a younger age (mid-thirties), are sometimes multiple, and are often found on the trunk. Molecularly, dysplastic nevi have a profile intermediate between benign nevi and malignant melanoma. While there is a recognized connection between dysplastic nevi and melanoma, it’s crucial to note that only about 20% to 30% of melanomas evolve from preexisting nevi. Given that the majority of dysplastic and typical nevi do not develop into melanoma, preventive removal of melanocytic nevi is not typically advised.
मेलानोमा एक प्रकारको ट्युमर हो जुन मेलानोसाइट्स, छालाको रङको लागि जिम्मेवार कोशिकाहरू क्यान्सर भएपछि बन्न सक्छ। मेलानोसाइट्स न्यूरल क्रेस्टबाट उत्पन्न हुन्छ। यसको मतलब यो हो कि मेलानोमा छालामा मात्र होइन तर अन्य क्षेत्रहरूमा पनि विकसित हुन सक्छ जहाँ स्नायु क्रेस्ट कोशिकाहरू माइग्रेट हुन्छन्, जस्तै ग्यास्ट्रोइंटेस्टाइनल ट्र्याक्ट र मस्तिष्क। प्रारम्भिक चरणको मेलानोमा (चरण ०) भएका बिरामीहरूको बाँच्ने दर 97% मा उच्च छ, जबकि उन्नत-चरण रोग (चरण IV) को निदान भएकाहरूका लागि यो उल्लेखनीय रूपमा 10% मा झर्छ।
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
○ क्यान्सरको जोखिम
संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकामा कोकेशियन व्यक्तिहरूमा देखिए जस्तै, डिस्प्लास्टिक नेभि भएकाहरूलाई 10% भन्दा बढीको मेलानोमा विकास गर्ने जीवनभर जोखिम हुन्छ। अर्कोतर्फ, कुनै पनि डिस्प्लास्टिक नेभस नभएकाहरूमा 1% भन्दा कमको मेलानोमा विकास हुने जोखिम हुन्छ।
○ डिस्प्लास्टिक नेभी भएका व्यक्तिहरूको लागि सावधानी
छालाको आत्म-परीक्षण सामान्यतया मेलानोमा (हटाउन सकिने atypical nevi पहिचान गरेर) वा अवस्थित ट्युमरहरूको प्रारम्भिक पत्ता लगाउनको लागि सिफारिस गरिन्छ। छालाको क्यान्सरको व्यक्तिगत वा पारिवारिक इतिहास वा धेरै एटिपिकल नेभी भएका व्यक्तिहरूले वर्षमा कम्तिमा एक पटक छाला विशेषज्ञलाई भेट्नुपर्छ कि उनीहरूलाई मेलानोमा विकास भइरहेको छैन।
संक्षिप्त नाम [ABCDE] स्वास्थ्य सेवा प्रदायकहरू र लेपर्सनहरूलाई मेलानोमाको मुख्य विशेषताहरू सम्झन मद्दतको लागि उपयोगी भएको छ। दुर्भाग्यवश औसत व्यक्तिको लागि, धेरै सेबोरेरिक केराटोसेस, केहि लेन्टिगो सेनिलिस, र मुसामा पनि [ABCDE] विशेषताहरू हुन सक्छन्, र मेलानोमाबाट छुट्याउन सकिँदैन।
○ [ABCDE]
Asymmetrical: असममित छालाको घाउ।
Border: घावको सिमाना अनियमित छ।
Color: मेलानोमामा सामान्यतया धेरै अनियमित रंगहरू हुन्छन्।
Diameter: ६ मिलिमिटरभन्दा ठूला नेभीमा सानो नेभीभन्दा मेलानोमास हुने सम्भावना बढी हुन्छ।
Evolution: नेभस वा घावको विकास (अर्थात् परिवर्तन) ले घाउ घातक हुँदै गइरहेको संकेत गर्न सक्छ।