Herpes simplex
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Herpes simplex på leppen.
Herpes simplex ― Herpes simplex-infeksjon i fingrene er mer vanlig hos små barn enn hos voksne.
References
HSV-1-infeksjon utvikler seg gjennom primær infeksjon av epitelceller, etterfulgt av latens, hovedsakelig i nevroner, og reaktivering. HSV-1 forårsaker ofte initiale og tilbakevendende vesikulære utbrudd, hovedsakelig på munnen og kjønnsslimhinnen. Dens manifestasjoner spenner fra orolabial herpes til forskjellige tilstander som herpetisk follikulitt, hudinfeksjoner, øyepåvirkning og alvorlige tilfeller som herpesencefalitt. Antiviral terapi hjelper til med å håndtere HSV-infeksjon.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. Its structure is composed of linear dsDNA, an icosahedral capsid that is 100 to 110 nm in diameter, with a spikey envelope. In general, the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection follows a cycle of primary infection of epithelial cells, latency primarily in neurons, and reactivation. HSV-1 is responsible for establishing primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions, primarily in the orolabial and genital mucosa. HSV-1 infection has a wide variety of presentations, including orolabial herpes, herpetic sycosis (HSV folliculitis), herpes gladiatorum, herpetic whitlow, ocular HSV infection, herpes encephalitis, Kaposi varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum), and severe or chronic HSV infection. Antiviral therapy limits the course of HSV infection.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a member of the Alphaherpesviridae subfamily. Its structure is composed of linear dsDNA, an icosahedral capsid that is 100 to 110 nm in diameter, with a spikey envelope. In general, the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection follows a cycle of primary infection of epithelial cells, latency primarily in neurons, and reactivation. HSV-1 is responsible for establishing primary and recurrent vesicular eruptions, primarily in the orolabial and genital mucosa. HSV-1 infection has a wide variety of presentations, including orolabial herpes, herpetic sycosis (HSV folliculitis), herpes gladiatorum, herpetic whitlow, ocular HSV infection, herpes encephalitis, Kaposi varicelliform eruption (eczema herpeticum), and severe or chronic HSV infection. Antiviral therapy limits the course of HSV infection.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) er en utbredt infeksjon som rammer rundt 22 % av voksne i alderen 12 år og oppover, totalt 45 millioner voksne i USA. Mens HSV-1 vanligvis forårsaker munnsår, kan det også føre til genitale lesjoner. Men når pasienter har genitale lesjoner, er HSV-2 vanligvis den største bekymringen. Symptomene på HSV-2-utbrudd er ofte vage, som kjønnskløe og irritasjon, noe som kan forsinke diagnose og behandling. Denne forsinkelsen kan føre til ytterligere overføring til uinfiserte individer.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) continues to be a common infection, affecting approximately 22% of adults ages 12 and older, representing 45 million adults in the United States alone. While HSV-1 often affects the perioral region and can be known to cause genital lesions, HSV-2 is more commonly the consideration when patients present with genital lesions. Despite this, most outbreaks of the infection will present with nonspecific symptoms such as genital itching, irritation, and excoriations, which may cause diagnosis and treatment to be delayed. As a result, further exposure to uninfected individuals may occur.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) continues to be a common infection, affecting approximately 22% of adults ages 12 and older, representing 45 million adults in the United States alone. While HSV-1 often affects the perioral region and can be known to cause genital lesions, HSV-2 is more commonly the consideration when patients present with genital lesions. Despite this, most outbreaks of the infection will present with nonspecific symptoms such as genital itching, irritation, and excoriations, which may cause diagnosis and treatment to be delayed. As a result, further exposure to uninfected individuals may occur.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) forårsaker ofte infeksjoner som genital herpes og forkjølelsessår hos tenåringer og voksne. Når HSV infiserer et spedbarn i løpet av de første 4-6 ukene av livet, kan det resultere i alvorlig sykdom med alvorlige konsekvenser. Rask diagnostisering av neonatal HSV-infeksjon er avgjørende for å stoppe sykdommen fra å bli verre, og forhindre nevrologiske problemer (til og med død) .
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a well-known cause of infections including genital herpes and herpes labialis in the adolescent and adult population. Transmission of HSV infection to an infant during the first 4-6 weeks of life can lead to devastating disease with the potential for poor outcomes. Early diagnosis is imperative when evaluating neonatal HSV infection in order to prevent further disease progression, neurological complications, and even death.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV), a member of the Herpesviridae family, is a well-known cause of infections including genital herpes and herpes labialis in the adolescent and adult population. Transmission of HSV infection to an infant during the first 4-6 weeks of life can lead to devastating disease with the potential for poor outcomes. Early diagnosis is imperative when evaluating neonatal HSV infection in order to prevent further disease progression, neurological complications, and even death.
Herpes simplex infeksjon er svært vanlig og kan overføres fra gravide kvinner til deres babyer. Dette viruset kan forårsake alvorlige helseproblemer eller til og med død hos nyfødte. Selv om det er sjeldent under selve graviditeten, skjer det ofte under fødsel. Risikoen er høyest dersom mor blir smittet i de senere stadier av svangerskapet. Imidlertid kan denne risikoen reduseres ved å bruke antivirale legemidler eller velge en keisersnitt i visse situasjoner.
Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases.
Infection with herpes simplex is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections. Because the infection is common in women of reproductive age it can be contracted and transmitted to the fetus during pregnancy and the newborn. Herpes simplex virus is an important cause of neonatal infection, which can lead to death or long-term disabilities. Rarely in the uterus, it occurs frequently during the transmission delivery. The greatest risk of transmission to the fetus and the newborn occurs in case of an initial maternal infection contracted in the second half of pregnancy. The risk of transmission of maternal-fetal-neonatal herpes simplex can be decreased by performing a treatment with antiviral drugs or resorting to a caesarean section in some specific cases.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 1 og 2 infiserer mange mennesker over hele verden. Vanligvis forblir viruset stille i nervecellene etter å ha infisert huden, men det kan reaktiveres senere og forårsake forkjølelsessår. Noen ganger fører det til alvorlige problemer som øyeinfeksjoner, hjernebetennelse eller farlige tilstander hos nyfødte og personer med svakt immunsystem. Mens nåværende medisiner bidrar til å kontrollere infeksjoner, er risikoen for medikamentresistens og bivirkninger fortsatt en bekymring. Vi trenger nye medisiner for å målrette viruset bedre.
Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 is ubiquitous in the human population. Most commonly, virus replication is limited to the epithelia and establishes latency in enervating sensory neurons, reactivating periodically to produce localized recurrent lesions. However, these viruses can also cause severe disease such as recurrent keratitis leading potentially to blindness, as well as encephalitis, and systemic disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Although antiviral therapy has allowed continual and substantial improvement in the management of both primary and recurrent infections, resistance to currently available drugs and long-term toxicity pose a current and future threat that should be addressed through the development of new antiviral compounds directed against new targets.
Infection with herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2 is ubiquitous in the human population. Most commonly, virus replication is limited to the epithelia and establishes latency in enervating sensory neurons, reactivating periodically to produce localized recurrent lesions. However, these viruses can also cause severe disease such as recurrent keratitis leading potentially to blindness, as well as encephalitis, and systemic disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. Although antiviral therapy has allowed continual and substantial improvement in the management of both primary and recurrent infections, resistance to currently available drugs and long-term toxicity pose a current and future threat that should be addressed through the development of new antiviral compounds directed against new targets.
Det finnes to typer herpes simplex -virus, type 1 (HSV-1) og type 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1 forårsaker oftere infeksjoner rundt munnen, mens HSV-2 oftere forårsaker kjønnsinfeksjoner. De overføres ved direkte kontakt med det infiserte individet. Genital herpes er klassifisert som en seksuelt overførbar infeksjon. Det kan spres til et spedbarn under fødselen. Etter infeksjon transporteres virusene langs sensoriske nerver til nervecellelegemene, hvor de oppholder seg hele livet. Årsaker til tilbakefall kan omfatte: nedsatt immunforsvar, stress og eksponering for sollys.
I de fleste tilfeller tas antivirale legemidler bare når symptomene er alvorlige. Daglig antiviral medisin kan foreskrives til noen som har svært hyppig infeksjon. Det er ingen tilgjengelig vaksine og helvetesildvaksinen forhindrer ikke herpes simplex. Behandlinger med antivirale medisiner som aciklovir eller valaciklovir kan redusere alvorlighetsgraden av symptomene.
Verdensomspennende rater av enten HSV-1 eller HSV-2 er mellom 60 % og 95 % hos voksne. HSV-1 er vanligvis infisert i barndommen. Anslagsvis 536 millioner mennesker over hele verden (16% av befolkningen) ble infisert med HSV-2 fra og med 2003, med høyere forekomster blant kvinner og de i utviklingsland. De fleste med HSV-2 skjønner ikke at de er smittet.
○ Behandling ― OTC-medisiner
Unngå fysisk kontakt, for eksempel å kysse et barn, mens blemmene er tilstede, da kontakt kan spre infeksjonen til andre mennesker. Du bør hvile uten å drikke alkohol.
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