Syphilis - Syfilis
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Chancres ― primær syfilitisk infeksjon av Treponema pallidum
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ReferencesSyfilis er en seksuelt overførbar sykdom som forårsakes av bakterien Treponema pallidum. I denne studien fokuserer vi på 57 pasienter i alderen 18–68 år med sekundær syfilis.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Venereal syphilis is a multi-stage, sexually transmitted disease caused by the spirochetal bacterium Treponema pallidum (Tp). Herein we describe a cohort of 57 patients (age 18-68 years) with secondary syphilis (SS) identified through a network of public sector primary health care providers in Cali, Colombia.
Syfilis er en bakteriell infeksjon forårsaket av Treponema pallidum. Den kan etterligne ulike sykdommer og har derfor fått kallenavnet «great imitator». Syfilis rammer fortsatt millioner globalt, men kan behandles effektivt med penicillin.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Syphilis is a systemic bacterial infection caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum. Due to its many protean clinical manifestations, it has been named the “great imitator and mimicker.” Syphilis remains a contemporary plague that continues to afflict millions of people worldwide. Luckily, the causative organism is still sensitive to penicillin.
Treponema pallidum forårsaker syfilis gjennom seksuell kontakt eller fra mor til baby under graviditet. Selv om det finnes enkle tester for å diagnostisere infeksjonen, og behandling med en langtidsvirkende penicillinsprøyte fungerer bra, er syfilis i ferd med å bli et stort problem igjen over hele verden. Dette gjelder spesielt menn som har sex med menn (MSM) i land med høy og middels inntekt. Mens noen lavinntektsland har nådd WHO‑s mål om å stoppe overføring fra mor til barn, ser vi en bekymringsfull økning i syfilis blant HIV‑positive MSM.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) causes syphilis via sexual exposure or via vertical transmission during pregnancy. Despite the availability of simple diagnostic tests and the effectiveness of treatment with a single dose of long-acting penicillin, syphilis is re-emerging as a global public health problem, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM) in high-income and middle-income countries. Although several low-income countries have achieved WHO targets for the elimination of congenital syphilis, an alarming increase in the prevalence of syphilis in HIV-infected MSM serves as a strong reminder of the tenacity of T. pallidum as a pathogen.
(1) Forstørret lever: Dette er ofte funnet og kan forekomme sammen med en forstørret milt. Undersøkelse av leverbiopsi med mørkfeltmikroskopi kan avdekke tilstedeværelsen av spiroketten. Leverfunksjonstester kan vise avvik. (2) Gulfarging av huden (gulsott): Om gulsott forekommer avhenger av hvor mye leveren er påvirket. (3) Rennende nese: Ofte et av de første tegnene, vanligvis innen den første uken etter fødselen. (4) Hovne lymfeknuter: Generalisert hevelse av lymfeknuter, vanligvis smertefri, er også vanlig. (5) Hudutslett: Et utslett oppstår vanligvis én til to uker etter den rennende nesen. Man kan se små røde eller rosa flekker på rygg, bak, lår og fotsåler. Utslettet kan utvikle seg til avskalling og skorpedannelse.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
(1) Hepatomegaly: This is the most common finding and may occur with splenomegaly. Biopsy of the liver followed by darkfield microscopy may reveal the spirochete. Liver function tests may be abnormal. (2) Jaundice: Jaundice may or may not be present depending on the extent of liver injury. (3) Rhinitis: One of the first clinical presentations, usually in the first week of life. Copious, persistent white discharge is noted, which contains spirochetes that can be visualized under darkfield microscopy. (4) Generalized Lymphadenopathy: Generalized, non-tender lymphadenopathy is also a common finding. (5) Rash: Rash usually appears one to two weeks after rhinitis. Small red or pink colored maculopapular lesions may be commonly seen on the back, buttocks, posterior thigh and soles of the feet. The rash progresses to desquamation and crusting.
○ Diagnose og behandling
VDRL og RPR kan brukes til å bekrefte nylig infeksjon og screene for syfilis. FTA‑ABS‑test er en mer spesifikk test og kan brukes til å undersøke tidligere infeksjonshistorie. Penicillin brukes til å behandle syfilis.