Actinic keratosishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinic_keratosis
Actinic keratosis yotchedwa solar keratosis kapena senile keratosis, ndi malo omwe amakhala ndi khansa yapakhungu, yokhuthala, kapena yokhuthala. Actinic keratosis ndi matenda omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kuwala kwa ultraviolet (UV). Ndilofala kwambiri mwa anthu akhungu loyera ndi amene amawomba padzuwa kaŵirikaŵiri. Zilonda zosachiritsika zimakhala ndi chiopsezo cha 20% chopitira ku squamous cell carcinoma, choncho chithandizo cha dermatologist chikulimbikitsidwa.

Actinic keratoses imawoneka ngati yokhuthala, mawanga, kapena madera okhuthala omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala owuma kapena owuma. Kukula nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 2 ndi 6 millimeters, koma amatha kukula mpaka masentimita angapo m'mimba mwake. Makamaka, actinic keratoses nthawi zambiri imamveka ikakhudza zotupa zisanawonekere bwino, ndipo mawonekedwe ake nthawi zina amafanizidwa ndi sandpaper.

Pali ubale woyambitsa pakati pa kukhala padzuwa ndi actinic keratosis. Nthawi zambiri amawonekera pakhungu lowonongeka ndi dzuwa komanso m'malo omwe nthawi zambiri amakhala padzuwa, monga kumaso, makutu, khosi, scalp, chifuwa, kumbuyo kwa manja, manja, kapena milomo. Anthu ambiri omwe ali ndi actinic keratosis amakhala ndi oposa mmodzi.

Ngati zofufuza zachipatala sizili zofanana ndi za actinic keratosis ndipo kuthekera kwa in situ kapena invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) sikungayikidwe potengera kuyezetsa kwachipatala kokha, biopsy kapena kuchotsa kungaganizidwe.

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  • Kutupa kumbuyo kwa manja; Izi zikhoza kuchitika ngati kumbuyo kwa dzanja kumayang'aniridwa ndi dzuwa kwa nthawi yaitali (kuyendetsa galimoto).
  • Viral warts ndi matenda oopsa (monga squamous cell carcinoma) ayeneranso kuganiziridwa.
  • Mamba olimba ndi telangiectasia akuwonetsa matenda a Actinic keratosis.
  • Ngati chotupa cholimba cha erythematous chili pamalo pomwe pali dzuwa, Actinic keratosis iyenera kuganiziridwa.
  • Chotupa cholimba cha keratotic chokhala ndi erythema ndi mawonekedwe.
  • Ngati mafuta oteteza ku dzuwa sakugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino pamutu, amatha kuchitika ndi msinkhu chifukwa cha dzuwa.
  • chipumi cha mwamuna
  • Nkhani yofanana ndi malo azaka
  • Zotupa zokhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi wart ndi Actinic keratosis. Njerewere zimatha kusiyanitsidwa ndi mfundo yakuti zotupa zawo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofewa, pomwe zotupa za Actinic keratosis zimakhala zolimba pang'ono.
References Actinic Keratosis 32491333 
NIH
Actinic keratoses amatchedwa senile keratoses kapena solar keratoses. Amagwirizana ndi kukhala padzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo amatha kuwoneka ngati zigamba zofiira pakhungu lomwe lili ndi dzuwa. Ndikofunika kuti muwagwire msanga ndikuyamba kulandira chithandizo chifukwa amatha kukhala khansa yapakhungu ngati sanalandire chithandizo.
Actinic keratoses, also known as senile keratoses or solar keratoses, are benign intra-epithelial neoplasms commonly evaluated by dermatologists. Often associated with chronic sun exposure, individuals with actinic keratosis may present with irregular, red, scaly papules or plaques on sun-exposed regions of the body. Timely detection and implementation of a treatment plan are crucial since actinic keratosis can potentially progress into invasive squamous cell carcinoma.
 Actinic keratoses: review of clinical, dermoscopic, and therapeutic aspects 31789244 
NIH
Actinic keratoses ndikukula kwachilendo kwa ma cell akhungu omwe amatha kukhala khansa. Amawoneka ngati mawanga athyathyathya, totupa, kapena zotupa pakhungu lomwe lili ndi dzuwa, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofiirira. Pazigawo zoyamba, zitha kudziwika bwino ndi palpation m'malo moyang'anitsitsa.
Actinic keratoses are dysplastic proliferations of keratinocytes with potential for malignant transformation. Clinically, actinic keratoses present as macules, papules, or hyperkeratotic plaques with an erythematous background that occur on photoexposed areas. At initial stages, they may be better identified by palpation rather than by visual inspection.
 Cryosurgery for Common Skin Conditions 15168956
Matenda apakhungu monga actinic keratosis, solar lentigo, seborrheic keratosis, viral wart, molluscum contagiosum, dermatofibroma amatha kuchiritsidwa ndi cryotherapy (=kuzizira) .
Skin diseases like actinic keratosis, solar lentigo, seborrheic keratosis, viral wart, molluscum contagiosum, dermatofibroma can be safely treated with cryotherapy (=freezing).