Cellulitis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellulitis
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References
Cellulitis 31747177 NIH
Cellulitis ndi matenda ofala pakhungu la bakiteriya. Zimakhudza anthu opitilira 14 milioni pachaka ku United States. Zimatsogolera ku $3.7 biliyoni mu ndalama zothandizira ambulatory ndi 650,000 zipatala chaka chilichonse. Nthawi zambiri, cellulitis imawoneka ngati malo otentha, ofiira pakhungu, kutupa, ndi kukoma. Zimayambitsidwa ndi matenda a bakiteriya odzidzimutsa omwe amayambitsa kutupa m'magawo a thupi ndi minofu yapafupi. Palibe chiphuphu kapena mafinya mu matendawa. Beta-hemolytic streptococci, makamaka gulu A streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes), ndi olakwa mwachizolowezi, kutsatiridwa ndi methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus.
Cellulitis is a common bacterial skin infection, with over 14 million cases occurring in the United States annually. It accounts for approximately 3.7 billion dollars in ambulatory care costs and 650000 hospitalizations annually. Cellulitis typically presents as a poorly demarcated, warm, erythematous area with associated edema and tenderness to palpation. It is an acute bacterial infection causing inflammation of the deep dermis and surrounding subcutaneous tissue. The infection is without an abscess or purulent discharge. Beta-hemolytic streptococci typically cause cellulitis, generally group A streptococcus (i.e., Streptococcus pyogenes), followed by methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus. Patients who are immunocompromised, colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, bitten by animals, or have comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus may become infected with other bacteria.
Cellulitis: current insights into pathophysiology and clinical management 29219814Cellulitis ndi matenda a bakiteriya a pakhungu ndi minyewa yofewa. Zimachitika ngati pali zovuta ndi zotchinga zoteteza khungu, chitetezo cham'thupi, kapena kufalikira kwa magazi. Matenda a shuga, kunenepa kwambiri, komanso ukalamba kumawonjezera mwayi wa cellulitis. Timayang’ananso zomwe zapezedwa posachedwa pakuzindikira cellulitis, ndipo tikuwunikira kufunikira kozindikira bwino chifukwa mikhalidwe monga kuperewera kwa venous, chikanga, deep vein thrombosis, ndi gout nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi ubale ndi cellulitis. Maantibiotiki omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza cellulitis amasankhidwa mosamala kuti aloze mabakiteriya wamba popanda kulimbikitsa kukana kwa ma antibiotic. Timalankhulanso za maantibiotiki atsopano omwe amathandiza pa cellulitis. Cellulitis nthawi zambiri imabwereranso chifukwa cha zoopsa zomwe zimachitika nthawi zonse komanso kuwonongeka kwa njira ya lymphatic system.
Cellulitis is a bacterial infection of the skin and soft tissues. It happens when there are issues with the skin's protective barrier, the immune system, or blood circulation. Diabetes, obesity, and old age increase the chances of cellulitis by affecting these areas. We also look at recent findings on diagnosing cellulitis, highlighting the importance of accurate diagnosis since conditions like venous insufficiency, eczema, deep vein thrombosis, and gout are often confused with cellulitis. Antibiotics used to treat cellulitis are chosen carefully to target common bacteria without encouraging antibiotic resistance. We also talk about new antibiotics approved for cellulitis. Cellulitis often comes back because of ongoing risk factors and damage to the lymphatic system..
Current Treatment Options for Acute Skin and Skin-structure Infections 30957166 NIH
Anthu ambiri amapita ku zipatala kapena zipinda zadzidzidzi kuti atenge matenda apakhungu mwadzidzidzi. Staphylococcus aureus ndiye kachilombo kamene kamayambitsa matendawa, ndipo kukuvuta kuchiza chifukwa mitundu ina imagonjetsedwa ndi maantibayotiki wamba.
Acute bacterial skin and skin-structure infections are a common reason for seeking care at acute healthcare facilities, including emergency departments. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common organism associated with these infections, and the emergence of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has represented a considerable challenge in their treatment.
Prevalence and Therapies of Antibiotic-Resistance in Staphylococcus aureus 32257966 NIH
Staphylococcus aureus ikhoza kugawidwa m'mitundu iwiri kutengera momwe amachitira ndi maantibayotiki: methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Pakati pa zaka makumi angapo zapitazi, chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mabakiteriya komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mopitirira muyeso kwa maantibayotiki, kukana kwa S. Aureus kwa mankhwala kwakhala kukulirakulira, zomwe zikupangitsa kuti padziko lonse lapansi chiwonjezeko cha matenda MRSA.
According to the sensitivity to antibiotic drugs, S. aureus can be divided into methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In recent decades, due to the evolution of bacteria and the abuse of antibiotics, the drug resistance of S. aureus has gradually increased, the infection rate of MRSA has increased worldwide.
Treatment of severe skin and soft tissue infections: a review 29278528 NIH
To review the salient features of the management of severe skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), including toxic shock syndrome, myonecrosis/gas gangrene, and necrotizing fasciitis.
Miyendo ndi nkhope ndi malo omwe amapezeka kwambiri. Zinthu zowopsa zimaphatikizapo kunenepa kwambiri, kutupa kwa miyendo, ndi ukalamba. Bakiteriya omwe amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi streptococci ndi Staphylococcus aureus.
Chithandizo nthawi zambiri chimaphatikiza maantibayotiki omwe amatengedwa pakamwa, monga cephalexin, amoxicillin kapena cloxacillin. Pafupifupi 95 % ya anthu amakhala bwino pambuyo pa masiku 7‑10 akulandira chithandizo. Komabe, anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a shuga amakhala ndi chiopsezo chachikulu cha zotsatira zoipa.
Cellulitis ndi vuto lomwe limadziwika bwino, ndipo ku United Kingdom, ndi chifukwa cha 1.6 % ya odwala omwe amaganizidwa ku chipatala. Mu 2015, cellulitis inakhudza pafupifupi 16,900 anthu padziko lonse lapansi.
○ Kuchiza – Mankhwala OTA
Cellulitis yovuta imafuna chithandizo cha maantibayotiki omwe amaperekedwa ndi dokotala. Ngati maonekedwe amawonjezera mofulumira ndipo akutsatira ndi malungo kapena kuzizira, ndiyofunikira kuonana ndi dokotala mwamsanga.
Kupaka mankhwala a maantibayotiki pa nthawi yoyamba kungathandize. Ngati maantibi amagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono kwambiri, sangagwire ntchito.
#Polysporin
#Bacitracin
#Betadine
Gwiritsani ntchito zochepetsera ululu za OTA monga acetaminophen kuti muchepetse ululu.
#Ibuprofen
#Naproxen
#Acetaminophen
Sungani mapazi oyera ndikuchiza phazi la wothamanga, chifukwa phazi la wothamanga limawonjezera chiopsezo cha cellulitis.
○ Machiritso
#First‑generation cephalosporins (e.g. Cefradine)
#Bacterial culture
#Third‑generation cephalosporins (e.g. Cefditoren Pivoxil)